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1. An Introduction to Rhetoric: Using the "Available Means"
ACTIVITY Understanding Civil Discourse
THE RHETORICAL SITUATION
Lou Gehrig, Farewell Speech
Occasion, Context, and Purpose
The Rhetorical Triangle
ACTIVITY Analyzing a Rhetorical Situation
SOAPS
Albert Einstein, Dear Phyllis, January 24, 1936
ACTIVITY George W. Bush, September 11th Speech
APPEALS TO ETHOS, LOGOS, AND PATHOS
Ethos
Automatic Ethos
King George VI, The King’s Speech
Building Ethos
Judith Ortiz, From The Myth of the Latin Woman: I Just Met a Girl Named Maria
ACTIVITY Establishing Ethos
Logos
Conceding and Refuting
Alice Waters, From Slow Food Nation
ACTIVITY George Will, "King Coal: Reigning in China"
Pathos
Richard Nixon, from The Checkers Speech
Images and Pathos
ACLU, The Man on the Left (advertisement)
Humor and Pathos
Ruth Marcus, from Crackberry Congress
ACTIVITY Dwight D. Eisenhower, Order of the Day
Combining Ethos, Logos, and Pathos
Toni Morrison, Dear Senator Obama
ACTIVITY Appealing to Ethos, Logos, and Pathos
RHETORICAL ANALYSIS OF VISUAL TEXTS
Tom Toles, Rosa Parks (cartoon)
Activity World Wildlife Fund, Protecting the Future of Nature (advertisement)
DETERMINING EFFECTIVE AND INEFFECTIVE RHETORIC
Jane Austen, from Pride and Prejudice
PETA, Feeding Kids Meat Is Child Abuse (advertisement)
Anne Applebaum, If the Japanese can’t build a safe reactor, who can?
ACTIVITY Tamar Demby, Alarmist or Alarming Rhetoric? (student essay)
ACTIVITY Federal Highway Administration, Stop for Pedestrians (advertisement)
CULMINATING ACTIVITY
1. The Times, Man Takes First Steps on the Moon
2. William Safire, In Event of Moon Disaster
3. Ayn Rand, The July 16, 1969 Launch: A Symbol of Man’s Greatness
4. Herblock, Transported (cartoon)
GLOSSARY OF RHETORICAL TERMS
2. Close Reading: The Art and Craft of Analysis
ANALYZING STYLE
A Model Analysis
Queen Elizabeth I, Speech at Tilbury
ACTIVITY Looking at Rhetoric and Style
ACTIVITY Winston Churchill, First Speech to the House of Commons
TALKING WITH THE TEXT
Asking Questions
Ralph Ellison, from On Bird, Bird-Watching and Jazz
ACTIVITY Ralph Ellison, from On Bird, Bird-Watching and Jazz
Annotating
Joan Didion, from Los Angeles Notebook
Using a Graphic Organizer
From Close Reading to Analysis
ACTIVITY Virginia Woolf, The Death of the Moth
WRITING A CLOSE ANALYSIS ESSAY
Groucho Marx, Dear Warner Bros.
Developing a Thesis Statement
A Sample Close Analysis Essay
ACTIVITY Christopher Morley, On Laziness
CLOSE READING A VISUAL TEXT
Dodge, It’s a big fat juicy cheesebuger in a land of tofu (advertisement)
ACTIVITY Girl Scouts, What Did You Do Today? (advertisement)
CULMINATING ACTIVITY
John F. Kennedy, Inauguration Address, January, 1961
Eleanor Clift, Inside Kennedy’s Inauguration, 50 Years On
United States Army Signal Corps, Inauguration of John F. Kennedy (photo)
GLOSSARY OF STYLE ELEMENTS
3. Analyzing Arguments: From Reading to Writing
WHAT IS ARGUMENT?
Amy Domini, "Why Investing in Fast Food May Be a Good Thing."
ACTIVITY Finding Common Ground
Essay in Progress – Selecting a Topic
STAKING A CLAIM
ACTIVITY Identifying Arguable Statements
Types of Claims
Claims of Fact
Claims of Value
Roger Ebert, Star Wars
ACTIVITY Analyzing a Review
Claim of Policy
Anna Quindlen, from The C Word in the Hallways
ACTIVITY The New York Times, Felons and the Right to Vote
Essay in Progress – Staking a Claim
From Claim to Thesis
Closed Thesis Statements
Open Thesis Statements
Counterargument Thesis Statements
ACTIVITY Developing Thesis Statements
Essay in Progress: Developing a Thesis
PRESENTING EVIDENCE
Relevant, Accurate, and Sufficient Evidence
Logical Fallacies
Fallacies of Relevance
Fallacies of Accuracy
Fallacies of Insufficiency
First-Hand Evidence
Personal Experience
Jennifer Oladipo, Why Can’t Environmentalism Be Colorblind?
Fallacy Alert – Hasty Generalization
Anecdotes
Fabiola Santiago, In college, these American citizens are not created equal
Current Events
Fareed Zakaria, from When Will We Learn?
Second-Hand Evidence
Historical Information
Samuel Walker, from Hate Speech
Fallacy Alert - Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc
Expert Opinion
Peggy Orenstein, from Just a Little Princess
Fallacy Alert: Appeal to False Authority
Quantitative Evidence
Fallacy Alert: Bandwagon Appeal
ACTIVITY Identifying Logical Fallacies
ACTIVITY Dana Thomas, Terrors’ Purse Strings
Essay in Progress – Using Evidence
SHAPING ARGUMENT
The Classical Oration
Sandra Day O’Connor and Roy Romer, Not by Math Alone
Induction and Deduction
Induction
Malcolm Gladwell, from Outliers
Deduction
Essay in Progress –Shaping an Argument
Combining Induction and Deduction
Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence
ACTIVITY Elizabeth Cady Stanton, The Declaration of the Rights of Women
Using the Toulmin Model
Analyzing Assumptions
ACTIVITY Identifying Assumptions
From Reading to Writing
ACTIVITY Using Argument Templates
ANALYZING VISUAL TEXTS AS ARGUMENTS
Polyp, The Rat Race (cartoon)
Alfred Stieglitz, The Steerage (photo)
ACTIVITY US Postal Service, The Heroes of 2001 (stamp)
Essay in Progress – Using Visual Evidence
CULMINATING ACTIVITY
Tom Toles, Heavy Medal
Michael Binyon, Comment: absurd decision on Obama makes a mockery of the Nobelpeace prize
GLOSSARY OF ARGUMENT TERMS AND FALLACIES
4. Synthesizing Sources: Entering the Conversation
ACTIVITY Reflecting on Sources
USING SOURCES TO INFORM AN ARGUMENT
Laura Hillenbrand, from Seabiscuit
ACTIVITY Gerald L. Early, from A Level Playing Field
USING SOURCES TO APPEAL TO AN AUDIENCE
Steven Pinker, from Words Don’t Mean What They Mean
Steven Pinker, from The Stuff of Thought
Steven Pinker, from The evolutionary social psychology of off-record indirect speech acts
ACTIVITY Examining a Columnist
Conversation: Mandatory Community Service
1. Neil Howe And William Strauss, From Millennials Rising
2. The Dalton School, Community Service Mission Statement
3. The Detroit News, Volunteer Work Opens Teen’s Eyes To Nursing
4. Dennis Chaptman, Study: ‘Resume Padding’ Prevalent In College-Bound Students WhoVolunteer
5. Arthur Stukas, Mark Snyder, and E. Gil Clary; The Effects Of "Mandatory Volunteerism"On Intentions To Volunteer
6. Mark Hugo Lopez, From Youth Attitudes Toward Civic Education And Community Service Requirements
WRITING A SYNTHESIS ESSAY
Identifying the Issues: Recognizing Complexity
Formulating Your Position
ACTIVITY Supporting a Thesis
Framing Quotations
Integrating Quotations
ACTIVITY Using Sources Effectively
Citing Sources
A Sample Synthesis Essay
CULMINATING ACTIVITY Conversation: The Dumbest Generation?
1. Mark Bauerlein, The Dumbest Generation
2. Sharon Begley, The Dumbest Generation? Don’t Be Dumb
3. Mizuko Ito, et. al., Living and Leaning with New Media: Summary of Findings from the Digital Youth Project
4. Nicholas Carr, Is Google Making Us Stupid?
5. R. Smith Simpson, Are We Getting Our Share of the Best?
6. Steven Johnson, Your Brain on Video Games
7. Clive Thompson, The New Literacy
8. Roz Chast, Shelved (cartoon)
5. Education
Do our schools serve the goals of a true education?
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