Latin America Transformed: Globalization and Modernity

by Gwynne,Robert N

• ISBN13: 9780340809303
• ISBN10: 0340809302
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2004-03-26
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Now in a second edition, this book explains Latin America's economic, political, social and cultural transformations, its association with globalization and search for modernity, and how these transformations are affecting the people of the region. Using a political economy approach to unravel these concepts, the emphasis is placed on interpreting the macro-level structures that frame the transformations taking place. Updated and revised to include more student friendly features, the authors have substantially rewritten the material, including three new chapters, to examine the challenges facing Latin American in the twenty-first century.

Table of Contents

List of tables	xi
List of figures	xiii
About the authors	xv
Preface	xix
PART 1: GLOBALIZATION AND MODERNITY
1 Latin America transformed: globalization and neoliberalism	3	(19)
Robert N. Gwynne, Cristobal Kay
Unravelling the concept of globalization in Latin America	5	(6)
Globalization and the contemporary relevance of structuralism and dependency theories	11	(3)
Globalization in the neoliberal era	14	(3)
Social bases of neoliberalism	17	(2)
Conclusion: a paradigm shift in theory and policy	19	(3)
2 Modernity and identity: cultural change in Latin America	22	(17)
Jorge Larrain
Introduction	22	(2)
The Latin American trajectory to modernity	24	(8)
Some specific elements of Latin American modernity and culture	32	(6)
Conclusion	38	(1)
3 Structural reform in South America and Mexico: Economic and Regional Perspectives	39	(28)
Robert N. Gwynne
Historical contexts	43	(3)
Economic policy change	46	(4)
Impacts and problems of neoliberal reform	50	(7)
Neoliberalism and economic spaces	57	(6)
Conclusion	63	(4)
4 Globalization, neoliberalism and economic change in Central America and the Caribbean	67	(26)
Thomas Klak
A region of small and dependent states	69	(4)
Development policies prior to neoliberalism	73	(3)
The debt crisis and the neoliberal remedy	76	(1)
The meaning and impacts of globalization	77	(3)
The neoliberal development model	80	(4)
Cuba: island socialism amid global capitalism	84	(3)
Migration and transnationalism	87	(1)
Regional trading blocs	87	(3)
The growing drug economy	90	(1)
Conclusion	91	(2)
5 The urban revolution	93	(24)
Alan Gilbert
Urban growth during the twentieth century	94	(1)
Explanations for urban growth	95	(3)
Rural-urban migration	98	(3)
The geography of urban growth under the new economic model	101	(1)
The urbanization of poverty	102	(2)
Differential patterns of urban change	104	(10)
An unpredictable future	114	(3)
6 The political economy of sustainable development	117	(22)
Warwick E. Murray and Eduardo Silva
Natural resource use - economy or environment?	118	(4)
Political-economic issues and implications	122	(2)
Whose sustainability?The Chilean fruit export boom	124	(4)
Environmental issues and implications	128	(5)
The politics of natural resource extraction	133	(2)
Conclusion	135	(4)
PART 2: POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS	139	(32)
7 Authoritarianism, democracy and development	141	(16)
Eduardo Silva
Political economy and the state	141	(2)
Democracy, authoritarianism and development	143	(11)
Conclusion	154	(3)
8 The new political order: towards technocratic democracies?	157	(14)
Patricio Silva
Neoliberalism, modernization and democracy	157	(2)
The depoliticization of society	159	(3)
Political legitimation and consumerism	162	(2)
The technocratization of policy-making	164	(2)
Disenchantment	166	(2)
The future of democracy in Latin America	168	(3)
PART 3: SPACE, SOCIETY AND LIVELIHOODS	171	(80)
9 Livelihood transitions, place transformations: grounding globalization and modernity	173	(20)
Anthony Bebbington
Conceptualizing livelihoods in Latin America	174	(7)
Livelihoods since neoliberalism	181	(2)
Livelihood politics	183	(2)
Livelihoods, NGOs and development	185	(3)
Globalization and livelihoods in Latin America	188	(3)
Conclusion	191	(2)
10 Civil society, grassroots politics and livelihoods	193	(17)
Sarah A. Radcliffe
Civil society in Latin America: social difference, rights and the state	194	(2)
Civil society mobilization in the 1970's and 1980's	196	(6)
Civil society and the transition to democracy	202	(1)
Civil society and social difference	202	(5)
Conclusion	207	(3)
11 Urban livelihoods, employment and gender	210	(22)
Sylvia Chant
Household livelihoods	210	(5)
Urban employment	215	(6)
Gender and the urban labour market	221	(7)
Conclusion	228	(4)
12 Rural livelihoods and peasant futures	232	(19)
Cristobal Kay
The lost promise of agrarian reform	232	(2)
Globalization, neoliberalism and agriculture	234	(6)
Peasant futures: a permanent semi-proletariat?	240	(6)
The new peasant movement: indigenous and environmental dimensions	246	(3)
Conclusion	249	(2)
PART 4: LATIN AMERICAN FUTURES	251	(17)
13 The alternatives to neoliberalism	253	(15)
Robert N. Gwynne and Cristóbal Kay
The neoliberal model evaluated	253	(6)
Alternatives to neoliberalism	259	(9)
Bibliography	268	(43)
Index	311