Legal Guide for Police: Constitutional Issues, 7th

by John C. Klotter; Jeffery T. Walker; Craig Hemmens

• ISBN13: 9781593453022
• ISBN10: 1593453027
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2005-01-01
• Publisher: LEXIS

Table of Contents

Preface	iii
Chapter 1 Results of Failure to Comply with Constitutional Mandates	1	(14)
§ 1.1 Civil Liabilities	2	(1)
§ 1.2 Civil Rights Actions	2	(4)
§ 1.3 Liability of Supervisors, Administrators, and Agencies	6	(6)
§ 1.4 Admissibility of Evidence	12	(1)
§ 1.5 Summary	13	(2)
Chapter 2 Police Power and Limitations	15	(8)
§ 2.1 Police Power, Authority, and Responsibility	15	(1)
§ 2.2 Limits on Police Authority	16	(1)
§ 2.3 Bill of Rights	17	(1)
§ 2.4 Due Process of Law	18	(1)
§ 2.5 Effects of Broadening the Scope of the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause	19	(1)
§ 2.6 Protection of Rights via State Constitutions and Laws	19	(1)
§ 2.7 Summary	20	(3)
Chapter 3 Police Authority to Detain	23	(18)
§ 3.1 General Considerations	23	(1)
§ 3.2 Consensual Encounters	24	(1)
§ 3.3 Terry v. Ohio Stop-and-Frisk Rationale	25	(6)
§ 3.4 Application to Off-Street Situations	31	(1)
§ 3.5 Application to Detention of Motorists	31	(3)
§ 3.6 Detention of Luggage	34	(1)
§ 3.7 Duration of the Detention	35	(2)
§ 3.8 Detention to Check Driver's License and Registration	37	(1)
§ 3.9 Detention at Police Roadblocks	37	(3)
§ 3.10 Summary	40	(1)
Chapter 4 Law of Arrest	41	(42)
§ 4.1 General Considerations	41	(2)
§ 4.2 Statutory Authority to Arrest	43	(2)
§ 4.3 Definition and Elements of Arrest	45	(5)
§ 4.4 Arrest Under the Authority of an Arrest Warrant	50	(8)
§ 4.5 Arrest without a Warrant	58	(13)
§ 4.6 Post-Arrest Probable Cause Determination	71	(2)
§ 4.7 Use of Force in Making an Arrest	73	(4)
§ 4.8 The Citation and Summons in Law Enforcement	77	(2)
§ 4.9 Arrest After Fresh Pursuit	79	(1)
§ 4.10 Summary	80	(3)
Chapter 5 Search and Seizure with a Warrant	83	(28)
§ 5.1 General Considerations	83	(1)
§ 5.2 Constitutional Provisions	84	(1)
§ 5.3 The Exclusionary Rule	85	(1)
§ 5.4 Extension of the Exclusionary Rule to All Courts: Mapp v. Ohio	85	(1)
§ 5.5 Application and Modification of the Exclusionary Rule	86	(5)
§ 5.6 Seizure with a Valid Search Warrant-General	91	(1)
§ 5.7 Requirements of a Valid Search Warrant	91	(9)
§ 5.8 Execution of the Search Warrant	100	(5)
§ 5.9 Search of a Person on the Premises Where Such Person Is Not Described in the Warrant	105	(1)
§ 5.10 Return of the Warrant	106	(1)
§ 5.11 Advantages of the Search Under a Valid Warrant	107	(1)
§ 5.12 Summary	108	(3)
Chapter 6 Search and Seizure without a Warrant	111	(50)
§ 6.1 General Considerations	112	(1)
§ 6.2 Search Incident to a Lawful Arrest	112	(10)
§ 6.3 Search with a Valid Waiver	122	(7)
§ 6.4 Search of Movable Vehicles and Objects	129	(4)
§ 6.5 Search after Lawful Impoundment (Inventory Searches)	133	(3)
§ 6.6 Exigent Circumstances Exception to the Warrant Requirement	136	(2)
§ 6.7 Plain View Searches	138	(3)
§ 6.8 Search of Premises Not Protected by the Fourth Amendment (Open Fields)	141	(2)
§ 6.9 Search by a Private Individual	143	(1)
§ 6.10 Standing to Challenge the Search	144	(3)
§ 6.11 Stop and Frisk	147	(7)
§ 6.12 Seizure of Verbal Evidence via Recorders or Microphones: Electronic Searches	154	(2)
§ 6.13 Airport Searches	156	(1)
§ 6.14 Search of Pervasively Regulated Businesses	157	(1)
§ 6.15 Summary	158	(3)
Chapter 7 Questioning Suspects	161	(36)
§ 7.1 General Considerations	161	(1)
§ 7.2 The Free and Voluntary Rule	162	(4)
§ 7.3 Warning and Waiver Requirements (Miranda Rule)	166	(13)
§ 7.4 Exclusion Related to the Fourth Amendment	179	(3)
§ 7.5 Right to Counsel	182	(6)
§ 7.6 The Delay in Arraignment Rule	188	(2)
§ 7.7 Corroboration	190	(1)
§ 7.8 Exceptions to Right to Counsel and Self-Incrimination	191	(3)
§ 7.9 Admissibility of a Second Confession After an Inadmissible First Confession	194	(1)
§ 7.10 Summary	195	(2)
Chapter 8 Pretrial Identification Procedures	197	(14)
§ 8.1 General Considerations	197	(1)
§ 8.2 Fingerprinting and Photographing Suspects	198	(2)
§ 8.3 Lineup—Self-Incrimination Challenge	200	(1)
§ 8.4 Lineup—Right to Counsel Challenge	200	(2)
§ 8.5 Lineup—Due Process Challenge	202	(2)
§ 8.6 Pretrial Photographic Identification	204	(2)
§ 8.7 Dental Examination	206	(1)
§ 8.8 Voice Exemplars	206	(1)
§ 8.9 Footprint Comparisons and Other Body Examinations	207	(1)
§ 8.10 Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Tests	208	(1)
§ 8.11 Summary	209	(2)
Appendix Bill of Rights (First Ten Amendments)and Fourteenth Amendment	211	(4)
Table of Cases	215	(12)
Index	227