Linguistic Categorization

by Taylor, John R.

• ISBN13: 9780199266647
• ISBN10: 0199266646
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-01-15
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

The third edition of the book widely recognized as providing the most readable and clearly articulated introduction to Cognitive Linguistics is fully revised and updated to include the considerable developments in Cognitive Linguistics since 1987. It covers recent research on polysemy, meaning relatedness and metaphors, as well as expanding the discussion of syntactic categories and the relevance of computer simulations.

Table of Contents

Preface to the third edition	viii
Typographical conventions	ix
Introduction and Overview	xi
1 The Categorization of Colour	1	(18)
1.1 Why colour terms?	2	(3)
1.2 Arbitrariness	5	(3)
1.3 An alternative approach: focal colours	8	(6)
1.4 Autonomous linguistics vs. cognitive linguistics	14	(5)
2 The Classical Approach to Categorization	19	(22)
2.1 Aristotle	20	(2)
2.2 The classical approach in linguistics: phonology	22	(5)
2.3 The classical approach in semantics	27	(8)
2.4 What's wrong with the classical theory?	35	(6)
3 Prototype Categories: I	41	(22)
3.1 Wittgenstein	42	(1)
3.2 Prototypes: an alternative to the classical theory	43	(5)
3.3 Basic level terms	48	(5)
3.4 Prototypes and the basic level	53	(2)
3.5 Where do prototypes come from?	55	(3)
3.6 Some applications	58	(5)
4 Prototype Categories: II	63	(21)
4.1 Prototypes	63	(6)
4.2 Prototypes and schemas	69	(3)
4.3 Folk categories and expert categories	72	(5)
4.4 Hedges	77	(7)
5 Linguistic and Encyclopaedic Knowledge	84	(18)
5.1 The dictionary and the encyclopaedia	85	(2)
5.2 Domains and schemas	87	(3)
5.3 Frames and scripts	90	(3)
5.4 Perspectivization	93	(1)
5.5 Frames and scripts in the comprehension of nominals	94	(2)
5.6 Fake	96	(2)
5.7 Real	98	(4)
6 Polysemy and Meaning Chains	102	(22)
6.1 Monosemous and polysemous categories	102	(6)
6.2 An illustration: Climb	108	(4)
6.3 Over	112	(6)
6.4 Some problems	118	(6)
7 Category Extension: Metonymy and Metaphor	124	(20)
7.1 Metonymy	124	(8)
7.2 Metaphor	132	(12)
8 Polysemy, or: How Many Meanings Does a Word Really Have?	144	(26)
8.1 Polysemy and compositionality	145	(3)
8.2 The two-level approach	148	(3)
8.3 Two illustrations: in and round	151	(8)
8.4 Polysemy and the network model	159	(11)
9 Polysemous Categories in Morphology and Syntax	170	(16)
9.1 Case	170	(2)
9.2 The diminutive	172	(4)
9.3 The past tense	176	(5)
9.4 Yes-no questions	181	(5)
10 Polysemous Categories in Intonation	186	(14)
10.1 The problem of intonational meaning	186	(2)
10.2 The meanings of falling and rising tones	188	(7)
10.3 High key	195	(5)
11 Grammatical Categories	200	(22)
11.1 Words, affixes, and clitics	202	(6)
11.2 Grammatical categories	208	(8)
11.3 The semantic basis of grammatical categories	216	(6)
12 Syntactic Constructions as Prototype Categories	222	(25)
12.1 Why we need constructions	223	(2)
12.2 Elements of a construction grammar	225	(3)
12.3 The prenominal possessive	228	(3)
12.4 The transitive construction	231	(4)
12.5 The transitive construction: more marginal members	235	(4)
12.6 Metaphorical extension of syntactic constructions	239	(2)
12.7 A comparison with German	241	(2)
12.8 Concluding remarks	243	(4)
13 Prototype Categories in Phonology	247	(19)
13.1 Phoneme categories	248	(7)
13.2 The gradience of phonetic features	255	(4)
13.3 Syllable constructions	259	(7)
14 The Acquisition of Categories	266	(19)
14.1 Hypothesized acquisition routes	267	(3)
14.2 Grammatical categories and constructions	270	(5)
14.3 Conceptual development	275	(4)
14.4 Word meanings	279	(6)
References	285	(16)
Author index	301	(4)
Subject index	305