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9780134813103

Literacy for the 21st Century A Balanced Approach

by Tompkins, Gail E.
  • ISBN13:

    9780134813103

  • ISBN10:

    0134813103

  • Edition: 7th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2018-07-24
  • Publisher: Pearson
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About This Book

Literacy for the 21st Century: A Balanced Approach

This comprehensive textbook is a go-to resource for educators and students looking to master the fundamentals of literacy instruction. Written by renowned author Gail E. Tompkins, this seventh edition has been a cornerstone in the field of literacy education since its release in 2018.

Who Uses It?

Primarily, this book is used by educators and students in elementary education courses, particularly those focused on reading and writing instruction. It's also a valuable resource for anyone interested in understanding the best practices for teaching literacy, including professionals looking to refresh their knowledge or expand their understanding of educational principles.

History and Editions

The seventh edition of Literacy for the 21st Century: A Balanced Approach has been updated to address the evolving needs of educators and students. This edition integrates the best of current research with practical applications, providing a balanced approach to teaching reading and writing. It covers fundamental components of literacy, illustrates how to teach skills and strategies, and identifies how to differentiate instruction to meet the diverse needs of students today. The book also supports digital teaching and learning, preparing readers to become teachers who can ensure their students meet grade-level standards.

Author and Other Works

Gail E. Tompkins is Professor Emerita at California State University, Fresno. She has extensive experience working with teachers in kindergarten through eighth-grade classrooms and leading staff-development programs on reading and writing. Dr. Tompkins was inducted into the California Reading Association’s Reading Hall of Fame in recognition of her contributions to the field of literacy education. Her work is known for its practicality and theoretical depth, making her a respected voice in educational resources.

Key Features

  • Comprehensive Coverage: The book provides a detailed exploration of literacy instruction, covering both theoretical background and contemporary practical approaches.
  • Differentiated Instruction: It emphasizes the importance of differentiating instruction to meet the diverse needs of students.
  • Digital Teaching: The text supports digital teaching and learning, preparing educators for the modern classroom environment.
  • Practical Applications: It includes numerous examples and strategies that educators can apply in their classrooms.

Detailed Information

ISBNs and Formats

  • Hardcover/Paperback: ISBN-13: 9780134813103
  • Revel Package: ISBN-13: 9780134813653 (includes Revel for Literacy for the 21st Century: A Balanced Approach – Access Card)
  • eTextbook: Not available in third-party eTexts or downloads; only available in Revel format.

Publication Details

  • Publisher: Pearson
  • Publication Date: July 24, 2018
  • Number of Pages: 528 pages
  • Language: English

Other Editions and Formats

  • Revel Package: Includes Revel for Literacy for the 21st Century: A Balanced Approach – Access Card (ISBN: 9780134303208)
  • Related ISBNs:
  • 9780134090283
  • 9780134090290
  • 0134090284

This detailed information section provides a quick reference for all the available formats and sources for Literacy for the 21st Century: A Balanced Approach, making it easier to find and access the book in the preferred format.

  • 0134813103 / 9780134813103 Literacy for the 21st Century: A Balanced Approach

    • *Revel features such as embedded videos, exercises, and quizzes are only available in the Revel format. They are not available in third-party eTexts or downloads.

    Author Biography

    Gail E. Tompkins is Professor Emerita at California State University, Fresno. Currently, she works with teachers in their kindergarten through eighth-grade classrooms and leads staff-development programs on reading and writing. Dr. Tompkins was inducted into the California Reading Association’s Reading Hall of Fame in recognition of her accomplishments in the field of reading, and she’s received the prestigious Provost’s award for Excellence in Teaching at California State University, Fresno. Dr. Tompkins is the author of six other books published by Pearson: Language Arts: Patterns of Practice, Language Arts Essentials, Teaching Writing: Balancing Process and Product, 50 Literacy Strategies, and two grade-specific versions of this text: Literacy in the Early Grades: A Successful Start for PreK-4 Readers and Writers and Literacy in the Middle Grades: Teaching Reading and Writing to Fourth Through Eighth Graders. During the past three decades, Dr. Tompkins has also worked with kindergarten through college-level writing teachers at National Writing Project sites in California and Oklahoma.

    Table of Contents

    BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS


    PART ONE Literacy in the 21st Century 1
    Chapter 1 Becoming an Effective Literacy Teacher

    Chapter 2 The Reading and Writing Processes

    Chapter 3 Assessing Literacy Development


    PART TWO Components of Literacy Development
    Chapter 4 The Youngest Readers and Writers

    Chapter 5 Cracking the Alphabetic Code

    Chapter 6 Developing Fluent Readers and Writers

    Chapter 7 Expanding Academic Vocabulary

    Chapter 8 Promoting Comprehension: Reader Factors

    Chapter 9 Promoting Comprehension: Text Factors


    PART THREE Organizing for Instruction

    Chapter 10 Organizing for Instruction

    Chapter 11 Differentiating for Success


    PART FOUR Compendium of Instructional Procedures

    Chapter 12 Reading and Writing Across the Curriculum


    DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS


    PART ONE Literacy in the 21st Century 1

     

    Chapter 1 Becoming an Effective Literacy Teacher 4

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 4

    Principle 1: Effective Teachers Understand How Students Learn 6

    Behaviorism 6

    Constructivism 6

    Sociolinguistics 8

    Information Processing 10

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.1 11

    Principle 2: Effective Teachers Support Students’ Use of the Cueing Systems 11

    The Phonological System 12

    The Syntactic System 13

    The Semantic System 13

    The Pragmatic System 14

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.2 14

    Principle 3: Effective Teachers Create a Community of Learners 14

    Characteristics of a Classroom Community 15

    How to Create the Classroom Culture 16

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.3 16

    Principle 4: Effective Teachers Adopt a Balanced Approach to Instruction 16

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.4 19

    Principle 5: Effective Teachers Address Standards 19

    The Common Core State Standards 19

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.5 20

    Principle 6: Effective Teachers Scaffold Students’ Reading and Writing 21

    Modeled Reading and Writing 22

    Shared Reading and Writing 23

    Interactive Reading and Writing 23

    Guided Reading and Writing 23

    Independent Reading and Writing 24

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.6 24

    Principle 7: Effective Teachers Organize for Instruction 24

    Guided Reading 25

    Basal Reading Programs 25

    Literature Focus Units 25

    Literature Circles 25

    Reading and Writing Workshop 25

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.7 28

    Principle 8: Effective Teachers Differentiate Instruction 28

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.8 29

    Principle 9: Effective Teachers Link Instruction and Assessment 29

    The Instruction—Assessment Cycle 30

    Classroom Assessment Tools 31

    High-Stakes Tests 31

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 1.9 31

    REVIEW: Teaching Reading and Writing 32

    Evaluate & Reflect 32

    References 33

     

    Chapter 2 The Reading and Writing Processes 36

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 36

    VIGNETTE: The Reading Process in Action 36

    The Reading Process 39

    Stage 1: Prereading 41

    Stage 2: Reading 42

    Stage 3: Responding 44

    Stage 4: Exploring 46

    Stage 5: Applying 47

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 2.1 47

    The Writing Process 48

    Stage 1: Prewriting 48

    Stage 2: Drafting 50

    Stage 3: Revising 51

    Stage 4: Editing 52

    Stage 5: Publishing 55

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 2.2 58

    The Writer’s Craft 58

    Ideas 58

    Organization 58

    Voice 59

    Word Choice 59

    Sentence Fluency 59

    Conventions 59

    Presentation 60

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 2.3 61

    Reading and Writing Are Reciprocal Processes 61

    Comparing the Two Processes 61

    Classroom Connections 61

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 2.4 62

    Literacy Strategies 63

    Reading Strategies 63

    Digital Reading Strategies 63

    Writing Strategies 64

    Strategy Instruction 64

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 2.5 65

    REVIEW: Teaching the Reading and Writing Processes 66

    Evaluate & Reflect 66

    References 67

     

    Chapter 3 Assessing Literacy Development 70

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 70

    VIGNETTE: Mrs. McNeal Does Second-Quarter Assessments 70

    Classroom Assessment 75

    Step 1: Planning for Assessment 75

    Step 2: Monitoring Students’ Progress 75

    Step 3: Evaluating Students’ Learning 78

    Step 4: Reflecting on Students’ Learning 79

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 3.1 80

    Diagnostic Tests 80

    Determining Students’ Reading Levels 81

    Diagnosing Students’ Strengths and Weaknesses 86

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 3.2 91

    High-Stakes Testing 91

    Problems With High-Stakes Testing 92

    Preparing for Standardized Tests 93

    The Politics of High-Stakes Testing 96

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 3.3 96

    Portfolio Assessment 96

    Collecting Work in Portfolios 97

    Involving Students in Self-Assessment 97

    Showcasing Students’ Portfolios 99

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 3.4 99

    REVIEW: Assessing Literacy Development 99

    Evaluate & Reflect 100

    References 101

    PART TWO Components of Literacy Development 103

     

    Chapter 4 The Youngest Readers and Writers 106

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 106

    VIGNETTE: K—3 Students’ Literacy Development 106

    Nurturing Children’s Oral Language Development 111

    Oral Language Activities 111

    Learning a Second Language 112

    The Link Between Oral Language and Literacy 113

    Assessing Children’s Oral Language 114

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 4.1 114

    Fostering an Interest in Literacy 114

    Concepts About Print 114

    Concepts About Words 115

    Concepts About the Alphabet 116

    Assessing Children’s Concepts About Written Language 119

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 4.2 119

    How Children Develop as Readers and Writers 120

    Stage 1: Emergent Reading and Writing 120

    Stage 2: Beginning Reading and Writing 121

    Stage 3: Fluent Reading and Writing 123

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 4.3 125

    Instructional Practices 130

    Morning Message 130

    Shared Reading 133

    Language Experience Approach 134

    Interactive Writing 136

    Manuscript Handwriting 137

    Writing Centers 138

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 4.4 139

    REVIEW: Teaching the Youngest Readers and Writers 139

    Evaluate & Reflect 140

    References 140

     

    Chapter 5 Cracking the Alphabetic Code 142

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 142

    VIGNETTE: First Grade Phonics Instruction 142

    Phonemic Awareness 146

    Phonemic Awareness Strategies 147

    Teaching Phonemic Awareness 147

    Assessing Children’s Phonemic Awareness 154

    Why Phonemic Awareness Is Important 155

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 5.1 155

    Phonics 155

    Phonics Concepts 156

    Teaching Phonics 160

    Assessing Students’ Phonics Knowledge 165

    The Role of Phonics in a Balanced Literacy Program 166

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 5.2 166

    Spelling 166

    Stages of Spelling Development 166

    Teaching Spelling 171

    Weekly Spelling Tests 175

    Assessing Students’ Spelling 177

    The Controversy About Spelling Instruction 178

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 5.3 179

    REVIEW: Assisting Students in Cracking the Alphabetic Code 179

    Evaluate & Reflect 180

    References 180

     

    Chapter 6 Developing Fluent Readers and Writers 182

    Plan: Preview the Learning Outcomes 182

    VIGNETTE: High-Frequency Words 182

    Reading Fluency 186

    Automatic Reading 186

    Reading Speed 193

    Prosody 194

    Assessing Reading Fluency 195

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 6.1 197

    Writing Fluency 198

    Automatic Writing 198

    Writing Speed 199

    Writer’s Voice 200

    Assessing Writing Fluency 201

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 202

    Dysfluent Students 202

    Older Dysfluent Readers 203

    Older Dysfluent Writers 204

    Obstacles to Fluency 206

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 6.3 212

    REVIEW: Developing Fluent Readers and Writers 212

    Evaluate & Reflect 212

    References 213

     

    Chapter 7 Expanding Academic Vocabulary 216

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 216

    VIGNETTE: The Word Wizards Club 216

    Academic Vocabulary 220

    Three Tiers of Words 220

    Levels of Word Knowledge 222

    Word Consciousness 223

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 7.1 225

    Word-Study Concepts 225

    Multiple Meanings of Words 225

    Synonyms: Words With Similar Meanings 227

    Antonyms: Words That Mean the Opposite 227

    Homonyms: Words That Confuse 228

    Root Words and Affixes 229

    Etymologies: Word Histories 232

    Figurative Meanings 233

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 7.2 236

    Teaching Students to Unlock Word Meanings 236

    Word Walls 236

    Explicit Instruction 238

    Word-Study Activities 238

    Word-Learning Strategies 241

    Incidental Word Learning 243

    The Role of Oral Language 244

    Assessing Students’ Vocabulary Knowledge 245

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 7.3 247

    REVIEW: Expanding Students’ Academic Vocabulary 247

    Evaluate & Reflect 247

    References 248

     

    Chapter 8 Promoting Comprehension: Reader Factors 250

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 250

    VIGNETTE: Ms. Ali Teaches Comprehension Strategies 250

    What Is Comprehension 255

    Reader and Text Factors 256

    Text Complexity 256

    Prerequisites for Comprehension 258

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 8.1 259

    Comprehension Strategies 259

    Activating Background Knowledge 260

    Connecting 261

    Determining Importance 261

    Drawing Inferences 262

    Evaluating 263

    Monitoring 264

    Predicting 265

    Questioning 265

    Repairing 266

    Setting a Purpose 266

    Summarizing 266

    Visualizing 266

    Comprehension Skills 267

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 8.2 268

    Teaching Students About Reader Factors 268

    Explicit Instruction 269

    Developing Comprehension Through Reading 273

    Assessing Reader Factors 278

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 8.3 280

    Motivation 281

    Teachers’ Role 281

    Students’ Role 282

    How to Engage Students 283

    Assessing Motivation 284

    Comparing Capable and Less Capable Students 285

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 8.4 286

    REVIEW: Teaching About Reader Factors 287

    Evaluate & Reflect 287

    References 288

     

    Chapter 9 Promoting Comprehension: Text Factors 290

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 290

    VIGNETTE: Reading and Writing About Frogs 290

    Text Factors of Stories 294

    Formats of Stories 294

    Narrative Genres 295

    Elements of Story Structure 299

    Narrative Devices 304

    Looking at the Text Factors in a Story 306

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 9.1 306

    Text Factors of Nonfiction 306

    Nonfiction Genres 306

    Expository Text Structures 308

    Nonfiction Features 308

    Looking at the Text Factors in a Nonfiction Book 311

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 9.2 311

    Text Factors of Poetry 311

    Formats of Poetry Books 311

    Poetic Forms 313

    Poetic Devices 316

    Looking at the Text Factors in a Book of Poetry 317

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 9.3 317

    Teaching About Text Factors 317

    Mini-lessons 318

    Comprehension Strategies 318

    Reading and Writing Activities 319

    Assessing Text Factors 320

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 9.4 320

    REVIEW: Facilitating Students’ Comprehension of Text Factors 320

    Evaluate & Reflect 321

    References 321

     

    PART THREE Organizing for Instruction 325

     

    Chapter 10 Organizing for Instruction 328

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 328

    VIGNETTE: A Yearlong Author Study 328

    Conducting Guided Reading Lessons 332

    Components 332

    Reading Strategies 333

    Instructional Materials 334

    Applying the Reading Process 334

    Managing Guided Reading 334

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 10.1 334

    Teaching With Basal Reading Programs 335

    Components 335

    Instructional Materials 337

    Applying the Reading Process 338

    Managing a Basal Reading Program 339

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 10.2 340

    Teaching With Literature Focus Units 340

    Steps in Developing a Unit 341

    Units Featuring a Picture Book 343

    Units Featuring a Novel 343

    Units Featuring a Genre 343

    Units Featuring an Author 345

    Managing Literature Focus Units 346

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 10.3 346

    Orchestrating Literature Circles 346

    Key Features of Literature Circles 346

    Implementing Literature Circles 350

    Using Literature Circles With Young Children 351

    Applying the Reading Process 351

    Managing Literature Circles 352

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 10.4 352

    Implementing Reading and Writing Workshop 353

    Reading Workshop 354

    Applying the Reading Process 358

    Writing Workshop 359

    Applying the Writing Process 361

    Managing a Workshop Classroom 362

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 10.5 363

    REVIEW: Organizing for Instruction 363

    Evaluate & Reflect 364

    References 364

     

    Chapter 11 Differentiating for Success 366

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 366

    VIGNETTE: Classroom Interventions 366

    Ways to Differentiate Instruction 371

    Grouping for Instruction 372

    Tiered Activities 374

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 11.1 384

    Struggling Readers and Writers 384

    Struggling Readers 384

    Struggling Writers 385

    High-Quality Instruction 385

    Interventions 389

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 11.2 394

    REVIEW: Differentiating Literacy Instruction 394

    Evaluate & Reflect 394

    References 395

     

    PART FOUR Compendium of Instructional Procedures 435

    Anticipation Guides 436

    Book Talks 437

    Choral Reading 438

    Cloze Procedure 439

    Collaborative Books 440

    Double-Entry Journals 441

    Exclusion Brainstorming 442

    Grand Conversations 443

    Hot Seat 444

    Interactive Read-Alouds 445

    Interactive Writing 447

    KWL Charts 448

    Language Experience Approach 450

    Learning Logs 452

    Making Words 454

    Mini-lessons 455

    Open-Mind Portraits 456

    Possible Sentences 457

    Prereading Plan 458

    Question-Answer-Relationships 460

     

    Chapter 12 Reading and Writing Across the Curriculum 398

    PLAN: Preview the Learning Outcomes 398

    VIGNETTE: Third Graders’ Multigenre Projects 398

    Learning Tools 402

    Reading to Learn 403

    Writing to Learn 405

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 12.1 408

    Demonstrating Learning 408

    Reports 409

    Essays 411

    Poems 411

    Multigenre Projects 413

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 12.2 415

    Content Area Textbooks 415

    Textbook Features 415

    Making Textbooks More Comprehensible 416

    Learning How to Study 418

    Why Aren’t Content Area Textbooks Enough? 421

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 12.3 421

    Thematic Units 421

    How to Develop a Unit 422

    A First Grade Unit on Trees 425

    A Fourth Grade Unit on Desert Ecosystems 425

    A Sixth Grade Unit on Ancient Egypt 426

    MONITOR: Check Your Understanding 12.4 426

    REVIEW: Reading and Writing Across the Curriculum 433

    Evaluate & Reflect 433

    References 434

    Quickwriting 461

    RAFT 463

    Readers Theatre 464

    Reading Logs 465

    Revising Groups 466

    Rubrics 468

    Running Records 470

    Semantic Feature Analysis 471

    Shared Reading 472

    Sketch-to-Stretch 473

    Story Boards 474

    Story Retelling 476

    Sustained Silent Reading 478

    Tea Party 479

    Think-Alouds 480

    Word Sorts 481

    Word Walls 483

    Glossary 487

    Index 493

     

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