List of Contributors | |
Foreword | |
Acknowledgements | |
Anatomy and physiology | |
Introduction | |
The liver | |
Hepatic microstructure | |
Carbohydrate metabolism | |
Fat metabolism | |
Protein metabolism | |
Clotting factors | |
Storage of vitamins/iron | |
Blood cleansing | |
Processing of drugs and other xenobiotics | |
Excocrine function | |
Bilirubin | |
Liver cirrhosis/fibrosis | |
Chapter summary | |
Assessment of liver function and diagnostic studies | |
Introduction | |
Patient history | |
Signs of liver disease | |
Laboratory tests | |
Diagnostic studies | |
Complications and considerations | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Jaundice | |
Introduction | |
Classification of jaundice | |
Bilirubin formation | |
Bile functions | |
Diseases of bilirubin metabolism | |
Investigations | |
Malabsorption | |
Gallbladder disease | |
Drug-induced jaundice | |
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy | |
Additional considerations | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Portal hypertension | |
Introduction | |
Definition | |
Causes | |
Consequences | |
Clinical features | |
Investigations | |
Management of variceal haemorrhage | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hyponatraemia and hepatorenal failure | |
Introduction | |
Definition | |
Classification | |
Pathogenesis of ascites formation | |
Diagnosis | |
Treatment | |
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | |
Hyponatraemia | |
Hepatorenal syndrome | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Hepatic encephalopathy | |
Introduction | |
Definition | |
Pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy | |
Classification of hepatic encephalopathy | |
Diagnosis and investigations | |
Treatment and management of hepatic encephalopathy | |
Hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Alcohol-related liver disease | |
Introduction | |
Incidence | |
Metabolism of alcohol | |
Pathophysiology | |
Clinical features | |
Alcoholic hepatitis | |
Nursing considerations | |
Alcohol-withdrawal therapies and protocols | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | |
Introduction | |
Definition | |
Disease prevalence | |
Risk factors | |
Natural history of NAFLD | |
Clinical features | |
Diagnosis | |
Pathogenesis | |
Disease management | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Viral hepatitis | |
Introduction | |
Hepatitis A virus | |
Hepatitis E virus | |
Hepatitis B virus | |
Hepatitis D virus | |
Hepatitis C virus | |
Hepatitis and HIV co-infection | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Autoimmune hepatitis | |
Introduction | |
Pathogenesis | |
Clinical features | |
Classification | |
Diagnosis | |
Complications | |
Variant syndrome | |
Treatment | |
Pregnancy and autoimmune hepatitis | |
Liver transplantation | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis | |
Introduction | |
Primary biliary cirrhosis | |
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Metabolic liver disease | |
Introduction | |
Wilsons disease | |
Haemochromatosis | |
Alpha-1-antitryspin deficiency | |
Cystic fibrosis | |
Porphyria | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Acute liver failure | |
Introduction | |
Definition | |
Aetiology | |
Presentation | |
Transfer criteria | |
Disease management | |
Liver transplantation | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Nutrition in liver disease | |
Introduction | |
Malnutrition and nutritional assessment | |
Dietetic management of ascites | |
Nutrition in hepatic encephalopathy | |
Malabsorption and steatorrhoea | |
Diabetes in liver disease | |
Osteodystrophy | |
Types of nutritional support in chronic liver disease | |
Nutritional support in alcoholic liver disease | |
Refeeding syndrome | |
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | |
Post-transplant nutrition | |
Chapter summary | |
Drug-induced liver injury | |
Introduction | |
Mechanisms of hepatotoxicity | |
Diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury | |
Classification of drug injury | |
Commonly used drugs that cause hepatotoxicity | |
Herbal remedies for treatment in liver disease | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Pregnancy-related liver disease | |
Introduction | |
Normal changes during pregnancy | |
Liver diseases specific to pregnancy | |
Pregnancy in pre-existing liver disease | |
Pregnancy post liver transplantation | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Hepatobiliary malignancies | |
Introduction | |
Definition | |
Primary liver cancer | |
Bile duct cancer | |
Secondary liver cancer | |
Diagnosing hepatobiliary malignancy | |
Treatment options | |
Nursing management | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Liver transplantation | |
Introduction | |
Indications for liver transplantation | |
Pretransplant assessment | |
Pretransplant education | |
Consent | |
Waiting list management | |
Allocation of organs | |
Liver transplant surgery | |
Immunosuppressive therapy | |
Graft rejection | |
Discharge planning and patient information | |
Quality of life following liver transplantation | |
Long-term management in the liver recipient | |
Chapter summary | |
Illustrative case study | |
Index | |
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