Locked in Place

by Chibber, Vivek

• ISBN13: 9780691126234
• ISBN10: 0691126232
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-04-04
• Publisher: Princeton Univ Pr

Summary

Why were some countries able to build "developmental states" in the decades after World War II while others were not? Through a richly detailed examination of India's experience,Locked in Placeargues that the critical factor was the reaction of domestic capitalists to the state-building project. During the 1950s and 1960s, India launched an extremely ambitious and highly regarded program of state-led development. But it soon became clear that the Indian state lacked the institutional capacity to carry out rapid industrialization. Drawing on newly available archival sources, Vivek Chibber mounts a forceful challenge to conventional arguments by showing that the insufficient state capacity stemmed mainly from Indian industrialists' massive campaign, in the years after Independence, against a strong developmental state. Chibber contrasts India's experience with the success of a similar program of state-building in South Korea, where political elites managed to harness domestic capitalists to their agenda. He then develops a theory of the structural conditions that can account for the different reactions of Indian and Korean capitalists as rational responses to the distinct development models adopted in each country. Provocative and marked by clarity of prose, this book is also the first historical study of India's post-colonial industrial strategy. Emphasizing the central role of capital in the state-building process, and restoring class analysis to the core of the political economy of development,Locked in Placeis an innovative work of theoretical power that will interest development specialists, political scientists, and historians of the subcontinent.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. xv
List of Abbreviations	p. xix
The Issues and the Argument	p. 1
Introduction	p. 3
Late Development and State-Building	p. 13
The Two Dimensions of Industrial Policy	p. 14
Industrial Policy and State Capacity	p. 17
State Capacity as Dilemma	p. 23
Installing the Developmental State: Four Theses	p. 29
Locked in Place: The Reproduction of the State	p. 44
Installing the State	p. 49
The Origins of the Developmental State in Korea	p. 51
Introduction	p. 51
The Two Varieties of Statism	p. 53
The Continuity Thesis	p. 55
The Discontinuity Thesis	p. 57
A Critique of the Statist Discontinuity Thesis	p. 62
The Origins of the Developmental State	p. 66
A Look Ahead	p. 82
Precursors to Planning in India: The Myth of the Developmental Bourgeoisie	p. 85
Introduction	p. 85
The Backdrop to the Bombay Plan	p. 88
The Bombay Plan	p. 94
The Capitalist Class and the Demise of the Bombay Plan	p. 98
The Roots of Business Opposition	p. 107
The Demobilization of the Labor Movement	p. 110
Introduction	p. 110
Congress and the Popular Classes	p. 112
The Postwar Labor Upsurge	p. 116
A "Responsible" Labor Movement	p. 118
The Significance of Demobilization	p. 125
The Business Offensive and the Retreat of the State	p. 127
Introduction	p. 127
The Commitment to Import-Substitution	p. 129
Jettisoning Nationalization	p. 132
Disciplinary Planning and the Business Offensive	p. 137
The Institutional Outcome (1): The Planning Commission	p. 146
The Institutional Outcome (2): The Filters on Discipline	p. 152
Reproducing the State	p. 159
State Structure and Industrial Policy	p. 161
Introduction	p. 161
State Structure and Industrial Policy in Korea	p. 164
State Structure and Industrial Policy in India	p. 170
The Rationality of Non-Disciplinary Industrial Policy	p. 183
Locked in Place: Explaining the Non-Occurrence of Reform	p. 193
Introduction	p. 193
Existing Explanations for the Absence of Reform	p. 194
The Crisis of 1957 and the Search for Solutions	p. 196
The Attempt at Export Promotion	p. 199
Agenda-Setting and the Declining Legitimacy of the Planning Process	p. 206
The Reform Episode of the Mid-Sixties	p. 212
Conclusion	p. 222
Bringing Capital "Back In"	p. 222
Capital and the Developmental State	p. 226
The Routes to and Obstacles against ELI	p. 233
Of Possibilities and Roads Not Taken	p. 239
Epilogue
The Decline of Development Models	p. 244
Korea: The Revolt against the Developmental State	p. 245
India: The Gradual Implosion of ISI	p. 248
Notes	p. 255
Bibliography	p. 309
Index	p. 327
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