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9780078119217

LooseLeaf for Experiencing the World's Religions Tradition, Challenge, and Change

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780078119217

  • ISBN10:

    0078119219

  • Edition: 7th
  • Format: Loose-leaf
  • Copyright: 2017-09-22
  • Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
  • View Upgraded Edition

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents:

 

Chapter 1 Understanding Religion

FIRST ENCOUNTER

What Is Religion?

Key Characteristics of Religion

The Sacred

Religious Symbolism

Speculations on the Sources of Religions

Patterns among Religions

First Pattern: Views of the World and Life

Second Pattern: Focus of Beliefs and Practices

Third Pattern: Views of Male and Female

Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Religion

The Study of Religion

Recent Theories

Key Critical Issues

Why Study the Major Religions of the World?

The Journey

Reading: Discovering Mystery

 

Chapter 2 Indigenous Religions

FIRST ENCOUNTER

Discovering Indigenous Religions

Past Obstacles to the Appreciation of Indigenous Religions

The Modern Recovery of Indigenous Religions

Studying Indigenous Religions: Learning from Patterns

Human Relationships with the Natural World

Sacred Time and Sacred Space

Respect for Origins, Gods, and Ancestors

Sacred Practices in Indigenous Religions

Life-Cycle Ceremonies

Taboo and Sacrifice

Shamanism, Trance, and Spiritual Powers

Artifacts and Artistic Expression in Indigenous Religions

Personal Experience: Gods in Hawai`i

Indigenous Religions Today

Reading: The Importance of Dreams

 

Chapter 3 Hinduism

FIRST ENCOUNTER

The Origins of Hinduism

The Earliest Stage of Indian Religion

The Religion of the Vedic Period

The Vedas

The Upanishads and the Axis Age

The Origin of the Upanishads

Important Concepts of the Upanishads

Living Spiritually in the Everyday World

The Bhagavad Gita

The Caste System

The Stages of Life

The Goals of Life

The Yogas

Devotional Hinduism

The Trimurti: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva

Worship of the Divine Feminine: Devi

The Guru as Object of Devotion

Devotion to Animals

Other Forms of Religious Devotion

Personal Experience: A Visit to Self-Realization Fellowship Lakeside Shrine

Hinduism and the Arts

Hinduism: Modern Challenges

Mohandas Gandhi

Contemporary Issues

Hindu Influence beyond India

Reading: Ramakrishna and the Experience of God

 

Chapter 4 Buddhism

FIRST ENCOUNTER 123

The Beginnings of Buddhism: The Life of the Buddha

The Basic Teachings of Buddhism

The Three Marks of Reality

The Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path

The Infl uence of Indian Thought on Early Buddhist Teachings

Ahimsa: “Do No Harm”

The Soul and Karma

Nirvana

The Early Development of Buddhism

Theravada Buddhism: The Way of the Elders

Theravada Teachings and Literature

Theravada Art and Architecture

Mahayana Buddhism: The “Big Vehicle”

New Ideals: Compassion and the Bodhisattva

Mahayana Thought and Worldview

Mahayana Literature

The Spread of Mahayana in East Asia

Some Major Schools of Mahayana

Vajrayana Buddhism: The “Diamond Vehicle”

Origins, Practice, and Literature of Tibetan Buddhism

Ritual and the Arts

Personal Experience: New Year’s Day at Wat Saket

Buddhism and the Modern World

Reading: Approaching the End

 

Chapter 5 Jainism and Sikhism

FIRST ENCOUNTER

Shared Origins

Jainism

Background

Mahavira and the Origins of Jainism

Worldview

Jain Ethics

The Development of Jainism and Its Branches

Digambaras

Shvetambaras

Sthanakavasis

Terapanthis

Jain Practices

Jain Scriptures

Jain Art and Architecture

Sikhism

Background

Nanak and the Origins of Sikhism

The Worldview and Teachings of Nanak

The Development of Sikhism

Sikh Scriptures

Sikhism and the Modern World

Personal Experience: A Visit to the Golden Temple

Reading: The Eternal Law

 

Chapter 6 Daoism and Confucianism

FIRST ENCOUNTER

Basic Elements of Traditional Chinese Beliefs

Daoism                                                                

The Origins of Daoism

Laozi (Lao Tzu)

The Daodejing

Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu)

Basic Early Teachings

Daoism and the Quest for Longevity

The Development of Daoism

Daoism and the Arts

Daoism and the Modern World

Confucianism

The Dao in Confucianism

The Life of Confucius

Living According to Confucian Values

The Five Great Relationships

The Confucian Virtues

Confucian Literature

The Development of Confucianism

Schools of Philosophy

The Development of Confucianism as a Religious System

Confucianism and the Arts

Personal Experience: Qing Ming, a Ceremony in Spring

Confucianism and the Modern World

Reading: On Cloud-Like Wandering

 

Chapter 7 Shinto

FIRST ENCOUNTER

The Origins of Shinto

The Historical Development of Shinto

Accommodation with Buddhism and Confucianism

Shinto and Japanese National Identity

Essentials of Shinto Belief

Shinto Religious Practice

Worship at Shrines

Celebration of the New Year

Observances of the Seasons and Nature

Other Practices

Personal Experience: An Unexpected Shrine

Shinto and the Arts

Architecture

Music and Dance

Shinto Off shoots: The New Religions

Shinto and the Modern World

Reading: Loving the Whole Earth

 

Chapter 8 Judaism

FIRST ENCOUNTER

An Overview of Jewish History

The Hebrew Bible

Biblical History

In the Beginning: Stories of Origins

The World of the Patriarchs and Matriarchs

Moses and the Law

The Judges and Kings

Exile and Captivity

Return to Jerusalem and the Second Temple

Cultural Conflict during the Second Temple Era

The Seleucid Period

Responses to Outside Influences

The Development of Rabbinical Judaism

The Canon of Scripture and the Talmud

Islam and Medieval Judaism

The Kabbalah

Christianity and Medieval Judaism

Questioning and Reform

Judaism and the Modern World

Hitler and the Holocaust

Creation of the State of Israel

Personal Experience: A Visit to Masada

Jewish Belief

Religious Practice

The Jewish Sabbath

Holy Days

Jewish Dietary Practices

Other Religious Practices 318

Divisions within Contemporary Judaism

Culturally Based Divisions

Observance-Based Divisions

Jewish Identity and the Future of Judaism

Reading: What it Means to be Fully Alive

 

Chapter 9 Christianity

FIRST ENCOUNTER

The Life and Teachings of Jesus

Jesus in the New Testament Gospels

The Two Great Commandments

Early Christian Beliefs and History

Paul and Pauline Christianity

The New Testament: Its Structure and Artistry

The Christian Canon

The Early Spread of Christianity

Infl uences on Christianity at the End of the Roman Empire

Augustine

Benedict and the Monastic Ideal

The Eastern Orthodox Church

Early Development

Monasticism in the Eastern Church

Eastern Orthodox Beliefs

Personal Experience: Mar Saba Monastery

Christianity in the Middle Ages

Christian Mysticism

The Crusades, the Inquisition, and Christian Control

The Late Middle Ages

The Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther

Forms of Protestantism

The Development of Christianity Following the

Protestant Reformation

The Catholic Reformation (Counter Reformation)

The International Spread of Christianity

Nontraditional Christianity

Christian Practice

Sacraments and Other Rituals

The Christian Year

Devotion to Mary

Christianity and the Arts

Architecture

Art

Music

Christianity Faces the Modern World

The Challenges of Science and Secularism

Contemporary Influences and Developments

Reading: How Saint Frances Made Brother Masseo Twirl Around

 

Chapter 10 Islam

FIRST ENCOUNTER

The Life and Teachings of Muhammad

Essentials of Islam

The Five Pillars of Islam

Additional Islamic Religious Practices

Scripture: The Qur’an

The Historical Development of Islam

Expansion and Consolidation

The Shiite and Sunni Division within Islam

Sufism: Islamic Mysticism

Sufi Beliefs

Al-Ghazali and Sufi Brotherhoods

Sufi Practice and Poetry

Personal Experience: A Visit to a Mosque     

Islamic Law and Philosophy

Islamic Law and Legal Institutions

Islamic Philosophy and Theology

Islam and the Arts

Architecture

Fine Art

Islam and the Modern World

Islam and Contemporary Life

Islam and the Roles of Women

The Challenge of Secularism

A Range of Solutions

Islam in the West and Beyond

Reading: The Merciful

 

Chapter 11 Alternative Paths

FIRST ENCOUNTER

Origins of New Religions

Contemporary Paganism: Wicca and Druidism

Religions of the Yoruba Tradition: Santería, Voodoo, and Candomblé

Theosophy

Scientology

Falun Gong

Cao Dai

Rastafarianism

Baha’i

New Religious Movements: A Special Role

Personal Experience: Celebrating the Goddess

Reading: The Goal of Scientology

 

Chapter 12 The Modern Search

FIRST ENCOUNTER

Modern Infl uences on the Future of Religion

The New World Order

Multiculturalism and Interfaith Dialogue

Women’s Rights Movements

Reassessment of Human Sexuality

Science and Technology

Science and Ethical Issues

Secularism

Environmental Challenges

The Recurring Challenges of Change

Environmentalism: A Religious Phenomenon?

Eclectic Spirituality

Interrelatedness

Reverence and Respect

Contemplative Practices

Personal Experience: Supper Together 

Reading: Learning From A Tree

 

Answer Key

Notes

Credits

Index

 

Supplemental Materials

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