Looseleaf for The Philosophical Journey: An Interactive Approach

by Lawhead, William

• ISBN13: 9781260132540
• ISBN10: 1260132544
• Additional ISBN(s): 9780078038341, 9781259418150, 9781259995835
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2018-04-19
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
• More Book Details

Table of Contents

Preface iii

Chapter 1

Introduction to the Philosophical Journey   3

            1.0 OVERVIEW OF THE JOURNEY       4

            1.1 SOCRATES AND THE SEARCH FOR WISDOM        15

                        FROM PLATO, Apology            18

                        FROM PLATO, Republic           24

            1.2 PLATO’S ALLEGORY OF THE CAVE            30

                        FROM PLATO, Republic           32

            1.3 ARGUMENT AND EVIDENCE: HOW DO I DECIDE WHAT TO BELIEVE?     37

 

Chapter 2

The Search for Ultimate Reality        49

            2.0 OVERVIEW OF METAPHYSICS       50

            2.1 OVERVIEW: THE MIND-BODY PROBLEM  60

                        FROM HUGH ELLIOT, Tantalus           60

            2.2 DUALISM   67

                        FROM RENE DESCARTES, Discourse on the Method   69

                        FROM RENE DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy     70

                        FROM RENE DESCARTES, The Puzzle of Conscious Experience          74

            2.3 PHYSICALISM        79

                        FROM JEFFEREY OLEN, Persons and Their World       88

            2.4 FUNCTIONALISM AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE            94

                        FROM JEFFERY FODOR, The Mind- Body Problem      98

                        FROM MARVIN MINSKY, Why the People Think Computers Can’t     74

            2.5 OVERVIEW: FREEDOM AND DETERMINISIM        112

            2.6 HARD DETERMINISM

                        FROM B.F. SKINNER, Walden Two      124

                        FROM SAMUEL BUTLER, Erewhon      131

                        FROM CLARENCE DARROW, The Leopold and the Loeb Trial 133

            2.7 LIBERTARIANISM

                        FROM RICHARD TAYLOR, Metaphysics 144

                        FROM JEAN-PAUL SARTRE, Being and Nothingness   149

            2.8 COMPATIBILISM

                        FROM WALTER T. STACE, Religion and the Modern Mind     156

           

Chapter 3

The Search for Knowledge    167

            3.0 OVERVIEW OF THE PROBLEM OF KNOWLEDGE   168

            3.1 SKEPTICISM           176

                        FROM RENE DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy     183

                        FROM RENE DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy     187

            3.2 RATIONALISM       189

                        FROM PLATO, Phaedo             196

                        FROM RENE DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy     201

            3.3 EMPIRICISM

FROM GEORGE BERKELEY, A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge       217

FROM DAVID HUME, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding            223

FROM DAVID HUME, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding            224

FROM DAVID HUME, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding            226

            3.4 KANTIAN CONSTRUCTIVISM

                        FROM IMMANUEL KANT, Critique of Pure Reason     237

                        FROM IMMANUEL KANT, Critique of Pure Reason     243

            3.5 EPISTEMOLOGICAL RELATIVISM  249

                        FROM FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, Beyond Good and Evil             259     

            3.6 RETHINKING THE WESTERN TRADITION: PRAGMATISM              266

                        FROM WILLIAM JAMES, Pragmatism’s Conception of Truth              275

            3.7 RETHINKING THE WESTERN TRADITION: FEMINIST EPISTEMOLOGY      279

            3.8 APPLYING EPISTEMOLOGY: WHAT IS THE NATURE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE?   291

 

Chapter 4

The Search for God    309

            4.0 OVERVIEW OF PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION           310

                        FROM PETER KREEFT, Does God Exist?           310

            4.1 THE COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENT FOR GOD       316

                        FROM THOMAS AQUINAS, Summa Theologica          317

                        FROM RICHARD TAYLOR, Metaphysics           320

            4.2 THE DESIGN ARGUMENT FOR GOD          326

                        FROM WILLIAM PALEY, Natural Theology      328

                        FROM DAVID HUME, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion           330

            4.3 THE ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT FOR GOD          335

                        FROM ST. ANSLEM, Proslogium          337

            4.4 PRAGMATIC AND SUBJECTIVE JUSTIFICATIONS OF RELIGIOUS BELIEF    340

                        FROM BLAISE PASCAL, Thoughts 342

                        FROM WILLIAM JAMES, The Will to Believe   346

                        FROM SOREN KIERKEGAARD, Selections        349

            4.5 THE PROBLEM OF EVIL: ATHEISTIC AND THEISTIC RESPONSES    354

                        FROM ALBERT CAMUS, The Plague    342

                        FROM JOHN HICK, Evil and the God of Love   362

                        FROM C.S. LEWIS, The Problem of Pain          367

            4.6 RETHINKING THE WESTERN TRADITION; ASIAN RELIGIONS        370

                        FROM THE UPANISHADES       373

                        FROM THE BUDDHA, Selected Teachings       381

                        FROM HERMAN HESSE, Siddartha      388

            4.7 APPLYING PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION: HOW DOES RELIGION RELATE TO SCIENCE                    391

                       

Chapter 5

The Search for Ethical Values            405

            5.0 OVERVIEW OF ETHICS       406

                        FROM PLATO, Republic           406

            5.1 THE ETHICAL RELATIVISM VERSUS OJECTIVISM   421

                        FROM HERODOTUS, The Histories     425

                        FROM RUTH BENEDICT, Anthropology and the Abnormal 427

                        FROM JAMES RACHELS, The Challenge of Cultural Relativism           436

            5.2 ETHICAL EGOISM

                        FROM W. SOMERSET MAUGHAM, Of Human Bondage        444

                        FROM AYN RAND, The Virtue of Selfishness               455

            5.3 UTILITARIANISM   460

FROM JEREMY BENTHAM, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation       464

FROM JOHN STUART MILL, Utilitarianism      468

FROM ALASTAIR NORCROSS, Comparing Harms; Headaches and Human Lives  472

            5.4 KANTIAN ETHICS   478

                        FROM IMMANUEL KANT, Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals          481

            5.5 VIRTUE ETHICS      496

                        FROM ARISTOTLE, Nicomachean Ethics         505

                        FROM CONFUCIUS, The Analects        510

            5.6 RETHINKING THE WESTERN TRADITION: FEMINIST ETHICS

                        MARILYN FRIEDMAN, Liberating Care            527

            5.7 ETHICAL THEORIES AND PRACTICAL MORAL PROBLEMS            533

 

Chapter 6

The Search for the Just Society         547

            6.0 OVERVIEW OF POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY    548

            6.1 THE JUSTIFICATION OF GOVERNMENT    553                                        

                        FROM ROBERT PAUL WOLFF, In Defense of Anarchism         556

FROM LOCKE, An Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent and End of Civil Government             562

FROM THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE (JULY 4, 1776)           565

            6.2 THE QUESTION OF JUSTICE           567

                        FROM PLATO, Republic           569

                        FROM THOMAS AQUINAS, Summa Theologica          574

                        FROM JOHN STUART MILL, Utilitarianism                  576

                        FROM JOHN RAWLS, A Theory of Justice        581

                        FROM SUSAN MOLLER OKIN, Justice, Gender, and the Family          586

            6.3 THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE STATE             590

                        FROM JOHN STUART MILL, On Liberty           592

                        FROM KARL MARX AND FRIEDRICH ENGELS, Communist Manifesto 605

            6.4 CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE         612

                        FROM PLATO, Crito     615

                        FROM MOHANDAS GANDHI,  Young India     622

                        FROM MARTIN LUTHER KING JR., Letter from Birmingham Jail        626

           

Chapter 7

Philosophy and the Meaning of Life             635

            FROM LEO TOLSTOY, My Confession              643

            FROM HAZEL E. BARNES, An Existentialist Ethics       648

 

Appendix

Reasoning Effectively: What to Do and What Not to Do A-1

Credits C-1

Index I-1