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Proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the Magnesium Committee of the Light Metals Division of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS)
Held during TMS 2012 Annual Meeting & Exhibition Orlando, Florida, USAMarch 11-15,2012
Preface xiii
About the Editor xv
About the Organizers xvii
Session Chairs xix
Reviewer Pool xxi
Magnesium Technology 2012
Plenary Session
Magnesium Alloy Development using Phase Equilibria Computation and Microstructure Validation 3A. Luo, R. Mishra, B. Powell, and A. Sachdev
Atoms-to-Grains Corrosion Modeling for Magnesium Alloys 5S. Chaudhuri, J. Xiao, and H. Kwak
Solid State Joining of Magnesium to Steel 11Y. Hovanski, M. Santella, S. Jana, H. Yu, D. Field, T. Pan, and S. Pilli
Grain Evolution during High Temperature Necking of Magnesium Alloys 17P. Krajewski
Production of Wide Shear-Rolled Magnesium Sheet for Part Forming 23D. Randman, B. Davis, M. Alderman, G. Muralidharan, T. Muth, T. Watkins, and W. Peter
Primary Production
Carbothermal Production of Magnesium: CSIRO's MagSonic 8482; Process 31L. Prentice, M. Nagle, T. Barton, S. Tassios, B. Kuan, P. Witt, and K. Constanti-Carey
MagSonic 8482; Carbothermal Technology Compared with the Electrolytic and Pidgeon Processes 37L. Prentice, and N. Haque
Scaling-Up Solid Oxide Membrane Electrolysis Technology for Magnesium Production 43S. Pati, A. Powell, S. Tucker, and S. Derezinski
Fluid Bed Dehydration of Magnesium Chloride 49K. Adham, C. Lee, and K. O'Keefe
Demonstration of Solar-Pumped Laser-Induced Magnesium Production from Magnesium Oxide 55Y. Takashi, O. Tomomasa, D. Thanh Hung, K. Hiroki, N. Junichi, and O. Kouta
Molten Salt Electrolysis of MgCl2 in a Cell with Rapid Chlorine Removal Feature 59G. Demirci, and I. Karakaya
Preparation of Aluminum-Magnesium Alloy from Magnesium Oxide in RECI3- LiF-MgF2 Electrolyte by Molten Salts Electrolysis Method 63S. Yang, F. Yang, X. Hu, Z. Wang, Z. Shi, B. Gao, L. Wu, and M. Li
Experimental Study on Magnesium Extracted from Ascharite Mineral by Aluminium 67P. Jianping, W. Xiaolei, F. Naixiang, Z. Shigang, and D. Yuezhong
Electrochemical Investigation on Chlorine and Electrolyte Intercalation into Graphite Anodes during Magnesium Electrolysis Process 71B. Li, J. Lou, M. Y an, and J. Yu
Optimization of Preparation for MgO by Calcination from Basic Magnesium Carbonate using Response Surface Methodology 75B. Zhang, J. Peng, L. Zhang, and S. Ju
Deformation Mechanisms
An Elasto-Plastic Micromechanical Method for Twin Driven Plasticity 83L. Capolungo, P. Juan, and S. Berbenni
Anomalous Twin Bands in AZ31 Mg Sheet Bending 87J. Baird, B. Li, S. Yazdan Parast, S. Horstemeyer, H. El Kadiri, P. Wang, and M. Horstemeyer
Formation of Nano-Scale Twins and Low Angle Grain Boundaries during Fracture of Fine Grained Magnesium Alloys 93A. Singh, H. Somekawa, and T. Mukai
Tensile and Creep Deformation Mechanisms in Rolled AZ31 99Z Chen, C. Boehlert, I. Gutiérrez-Urrutia, J. Llorca, and M.T. Pérez-Prado
Structural Origin of Reversible Twinning, Non-Schmid Effect, Incoherent Twin Boundaries and Texture of Hexagonal Close-Packed Metals 105B. Li, X. Zhang, H. El Kadiri, S. Mathaudhu, and Q. Ma
Length Changes in Extruded Magnesium Alloy Bars Under Large Strain Free-End Torsion 111H. Wang, P. Wu, and K. Neale
Nano-Indentation Studies of Twinned Magnesium Single Crystals 117F. Hiura, R. Mishra, M. Lukitsch, and M. Niewczas
Non-Basal Textures in Magnesium Alloy Strips by Extrusion-Machining 121D. Sagapuram, M. Efe, W. Moscoso, S. Chandrasekar, and K. Trumble
The Elastic-Plastic Transition in Magnesium Alloys 127K. Yang, and C. Caceres
Casting and Solidification
Twin Roll Casting of Thin AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Strip with Uniform Microstructure and Chemistry 135I. Bayandorian, I. Stone, Y. Huang, and Z. Fan
Mathematical Modeling of the Twin Roll Casting Process for AZ31 Magnesium Alloy - Effect of Set-Back Distance 141A. Hadadzadeh, M. Wells, and E. Essadiqi
Intermetallic Phase Formation and Growth in the Mg-Y System 145K. Bermudez, S. Brennan, and Y. Sohn
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Pressure Die Cast AM50 Magnesium Alloy Containing Ce 149F. Mert, A. Özdemir, K. Kainer, and N. Hort
Melt Conditioned DC (MC-DC) Casting of Magnesium Alloys 155Y. Zuo, Z. Fan, B. Jiang, and Y. Zhang
Effect of the Solidification Rate on Microstructure of Cast Mg Alloys at Low Superheat 161G Poole, N. Rimkus, A. Murphy, P. Boehmcke, and N. El-Kaddah
Impact and Energy Dissipation Characteristics of Squeeze and Die Cast Magnesium Alloy AM60 165S. DiCecco, H. Hu, and W. Altenhof
Sliding Wear Behavior of Squeeze Cast Magnesium Composite AM60-9% (Al2O3)f 169A. Banerji, H. Hu, and A. Alpas
Solidification Studies of Mg-Al Binary Alloys 175M. Paliwal, Y. Kang, E. Essadiqi, and I. Jung
Alloy and Microstructural Design
Age Hardening Behavior of Mg-l.2Sn-l.7Zn Alloy Containing Al 181T. Sasaki, T. Ohkubo, and K. Hono
Effect of Nano-Alumina and Copper Micron Size Particulates on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties ofMagnesium Alloy AZ31 187B. Nguyen, K. Tun, and M. Gupta
Evaluating the Effect of Pre-Ageing Deformation on ß' Precipitate Size and Distribution in Mg-Zn(-Y) Alloys 191J. Rosalie, H. Somekawa, A. Singh, and T. Mukai
Effect of Zinc Content on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Mg-Zn-Y-La Alloys with LPSO Phase 197J. Kim, and Y. Kawamura
Effect of Ca Addition on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of AZ51/1.5 A12O3 Magnesium Nanocomposite 201M. Ershadul Alam, R. Ara Rima, A. Salem Hamouda, Q. Bau Nguyen, and M. Gupta
Effect of Zn Concentration and Grain Size on Prismatic Slip in Mg-Zn Binary Alloys 207N. Stanford, and M. Barnett
Effects of Ca on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZA62 Alloys 213J. You, W. Zhang, K. Qiu, and Y. Ren
Mechanical Properties and High-temperature Oxidation Behavior of Mg-Al-Zn-Ca-Y Magnesium Alloys 217Y. Kim, B. You, M. Shim, and N. Kim
Effects of Si on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-5Sn-2Sr Alloy 221J. You, S. Hao, K. Qiu, and Y. Ren
Corrosion and Coating
"Electroless" E-Coating for Mg Alloys 229G. Song
The Influence of Galvanic Current on Cerium-Based Conversion Coatings on Mg, AI, and Galvanized Steel Couples 235S. Maddela, M. O'Keefe, and Y. Wang
Effect of Sn4+ Additives on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Anodic Coating Formed on AZ31 Magnesium Alloy in Alkaline Solution 241S. Salman, K. Kur oda, N. Saito, and M. Okido
Effect of Thickness on the Morphology and Corrosion Behavior of Cerium-Based Conversion Coatings on AZ31B Magnesium Alloy 247C. Castaño, S. Maddela, M. O'Keefe, and Y. Wang
Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of As-Cast and Extruded MGIOGD Alloy for Biomedical Application 253P. Maier, S. Müller, H. Dieringa, and N. Hort
Corrosion Behavior of Various Steels by AZ31 Magnesium Melt 261C. Tang, M. Van Ende, and I. Jung
Corrosion of Ultrasonic Spot Welded Joints of Magnesium to Steel 265T. Pan, and M. Santella
Effect of Some Microstructural Parameters on the Corrosion Resistance of Magnesium Alloys 271Y. Hu, J. Kish, J. McDermid, and W. Zheng
Influence of Aluminum Content on Corrosion Resistance of Mg-Al Alloys Containing Copper and Zinc 277H. Kawabata, N. Nishino, Y. Genma, and T. Seguchi
High Temperature Processing and Properties
Effect of Rolling Temperature on the AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Microstructure 283L. Catorceno, and A. Padilha
Hot Formability Curves for Four AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Sheets Obtained by the Pneumatic Stretching Test 289F. Abu-Far ha, R. Ver ma, and L. Hector
Texture Evolution during Hot Deformation Processing of Mg-3Sn-2Ca-0.4Al Alloy 295C. Dharmendra, K. Rao, Y. Prasad, N. Hort, and K. Kainer
The Effects of Strain and Stress State in Hot Forming of Mg AZ31 Sheet 301A. Carpenter, P. Sherek, L. Hector, P. Krajewski, J. Carter, E. Taleff, and J. Lasceski
Effect of Strain Rate on Dynamic Recrystallization in a Magnesium Alloy under Compression at High Temperature 307Q. Ma, B. Li, A. Oppedal, W. Whittington, S. Horstemeyer, E. Marin, H. El Kadiri, P. Wang, and M. Horstemeyer
Effect of Strain Rate on the Kinetics of Hot Deformation of AZ31 with Different Initial Texture 311M. Sanjari, A. Farzadfar, A. Nabavi, E. Essadiqi, I. Jung, and S. Yue
Precipitation Behaviour of Micro-Alloyed Mg-Al-Ca Alloys during Heat Treatment and Hot Compression 317J. Su, S. Kaboli, A. Kabir, P. Vo, 1. Jung, and S. Yue
Diffusion Couple Investigation of the Mg-Zn System 323S. Brennan, K. Bermudez, N. Kulkarni, and Y. Sohn
Biaxial Deformation Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy at High Temperatures 329Y. Daisuke, M. Noda, and K. Funami
Processing-Microstructure-Property Relationships I
Microstructure Modeling of Magnesium Alloys for Engineering Property Prediction 335E. Barker, D. Li, X. Sun, and M. Khaleel
Microstructure Modification and Deformation Behavior of Fine-Grained AZ61 Sheet Produced by Thixomolding and Thermomechanical Processing (TTMP) 339T. Berman, W. Donlon, V. Miller, J. Huang, R. Decker, T. Pollock, and J. Jones
Development of High Strength and Toughness Magnesium Alloy by Grain Boundary Control 345H. Somekawa, A. Singh, T. Inoue, and T. Mukai
Effects of Direct Extrusion Process on Microstructure, Texture Evolution and Yield Strength of Magnesium Alloy AZ31 349S. Huang, M. Li, J. Allison, S. Zhang, D. Li, and Y. Peng
Comparison of Tensile Properties and Crystallographic Texture of Three Magnesium Alloy Sheets 355J. Min, Y. Cao, J. Carter, and R. Verma
Strain Hardening of ZK60 Magnesium Alloys 361J. Cho, S. Kang, and S. Han
Strain-Rate Effects of Sand-Cast and Die-Cast Magnesium Alloys under Compressive Loading 365J. Weiler, and J. Wood
Mechanical Properties of Newly Developed Mg-Alloys AMX602 AND AZXE7111 under Quasi-Static and Dynamic Loading 371J. Shen, K. Kondoh, T. Jones, S. Mathaudhu, L. Kecskes, and Q. Wei
Phase Field Modeling of Betal Precipitation in WE54 Alloy 377Y. Gao, H. Liu, R. Shi, Z. Xu, J. Nie, Y. Wang, and N. Zhou
Advanced Processing and Joining
Microstructure and Creep Properties of MEZ Magnesium Alloy Processed by Thixocasting 385E. Morales Garza, H. Dieringa, N. Hort, and K. Kainer
The Effect of Friction Stir Processing on Microstructure and Tensile Behavior of Thixomolded AZ91 Magnesium Alloy 391B. Mansoor, R. Decker, S. Kulkarni, S. LeBeau, and M. Khraisheh
Effect of Weld Structure on Fatigue Life of Friction Stir Spot Welding in Magnesium AZ31 Alloy 397H. Rao, and J. Jordon
Effect of Corrosion on the Tensile Properties of Friction-Stir Welded AZ31B Sheet 403J. Thuss, J. Kish, and J. McDermid
On the Effect of Ti2AlC on the Formation of Thermally Stable Mg Nano Grains 409B. Anasori, and M. Barsoum
Experimental Investigations into the Deformation Behavior of Thixo-Molded Mg AZ61L Sheet Alloy 413M. Koc, O. Cora, R. Snell, R. Dekker, and J. Huang
Effects of High Temperature Shot Peening on Surface Characteristics and Fatigue Properties of Forged AZ31 Magnesium Alloys 419Y. Ichihara, M. Noda, and K. Funami
Solid Solution Hardening Effect of Aluminum on the Creep Deformation of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy 423F. Kabirian, and R. Mahmoudi
Processing-Microstructure-Property Relationships II
Enhancement of Strength and Ductility of Mg96Zn2Y2 Rolled Sheet by Controlling Structure and Plastic Deformation 429M. Noda, Y. Kawamura, H. Sakurai, and K. Funami
Microstructural Characteristics of High Rate Plastic Deformation in Elektron WE43 Magnesium Alloys 433J. Hamilton, S. Brennan, Y. Sohn, B. Davis, R. DeLorme, and K. Cho
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of As-Extruded Mg-Sn-Al-Zn Alloys 439S. Park, Y. Kim, C. Yim, H. Kim, and B. You
Tensile Properties of Three Preform-Annealed Magnesium Alloy Sheets 443J. Min, J. Carter, and R. Verma
The Role of Intermetallics on Creep Behaviour of Extruded Magnesium Alloys 449M. Fletcher, L. Bichler, and D. Sediako
High Performance Mg-System Alloys for Weight Saving Applications: First Year Results from the GREEN METALLURGY EU Project 455F. D'Err ico, G. G arces Plaza, M. Hof er, and S. Kim
Effect of Extrusion Conditions on Microstructure and Texture of Mg-1% Mn and Mg-1% Mn-1.6% Sr Alloys 461H. Borkar, andM. Pekguleryuz
Microstructural Characterization of Homogenised and Aged Mg-Gd-Nd Alloys 465S. Khawaled, M. Bamberger, and A. Katsman
On the Deformed Microstructure of Rolled Mg-2.9Y 469A. Farzadfar, M. Sanjari, I. Jung, E. Essadiqi, and S. Yue
Energy and Biomedical / Primary Production
In-Vitro Corrosion Studies of Bioabsorbable Magnesium Alloys 477P. Gill, and N. Munroe
High-Capacity Hydrogen-Based Green-Energy Storage Solutions for the Grid Balancing 483F. D'Errico, and A. Screnci
Reaction Sintering of Mg2Si Thermoelectric Materials by Microwave Irradiation 489S. Zhou, C. Bai, and C. Fu
Charge-Discharge Mechanism of MgC Powders and Mg-Li Alloy Thin Film Materials 493Y. Chen, F. Hung, T. Lui, ft Xiao, Y. Tseng, and C. Wang
Control of Yttrium Diffusion Out of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia During SOM Electrolysis for Magnesium Production 499E. Gratz, S. Pati, J. Milshtein, A. Powell, and U. Pal
Study on the Thermodynamic and Experimental Carbothermic Reduction of Garnierite 505T. Qu, Y. Tian, B. Yang, B. Xu, D. Liu, and Y. Dai
Mechanism of Carbothermic Reduction of Magnesia and Reverse Reaction 511Y. Tian, T Qu, B. Yang, H. Liu, C. Yang, and Y. Dai
Poster Session
Combination of Cooling Curve and Micro-Chemical Phase Analysis of Rapidly Quenched Magnesium AM60B Alloy 519P. Marchwica, J. Sokolowski, A. Gesing, J. Jekl, C. Blawert, and R. Berkmortel
Effects of Friction Stir Process on the Tensile Properties of AZ61 Magnesium Alloy at Room Temperature to200°C 525H. Chen, T Lui, L. Chen, and F. Hung
Magnesium Recycling of Partially Oxidized, Mixed Magnesium-Aluminum Scrap through Combined Refining and Solid Oxide Membrane (SOM) Electrolysis Processes 531X. Guan, P. Zink, and U. Pal
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-5Sn-5Zn-xCa Alloys 537K. Qiu, B. Liu, J. You, and Y. Ren
Phase Dissolution of Y-Mg17Al12 during Homogenization of As-Cast AZ80 Magnesium Alloy and Its Effect on Room Temperature Mechanical Properties 543R. Kulkarni, N. Prabhu, P. Hodgson, and B. Kashyap
Precipitation Formation and Grain Refinement of Mg-Al-Sn Alloy during Hot Deformation 549A. Kabir, J. Su, P. Vo, I. Jung, and S. Yue
The Effect of Precipitation on the Mechanical Properties of Extruded AZ80 555R. Liu, J. Wang, andD. Yin
Influence of Section Thickness on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Squeeze Cast Magnesium Alloy AM60 561X. Zhang, M. Wang, Z. Sun, and H. Hu
Author Index 565
Subject Index 569
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