Magnetic Fields And Star Formation

by Gomez De Castro, Ana I.; Heyer, M.; Vazquez-Semadeni, E.; Rebolo, R.

• ISBN13: 9781402021596
• ISBN10: 1402021593
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-06-30
• Publisher: Kluwer Academic Pub

Summary

Magnetic Fields play a key role in the physics of star formation on all scales: from the formation of the large complexes of molecular clouds to the formation of solar-like planetary systems. The plasma physics involved is non-linear and very complex, which requires the development of large numerical codes. An additional difficulty is that the detection and study of magnetic fields is not easy from an observational point of view, and therefore theoretical models cannot easily be constrained. In the week from April 21st to 25th in 2003, a meeting was held on the Campus of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain) to join theoretical and observational efforts to address these issues. The objective was to define a set of relevant problems for the physics of star formation that can be properly addressed with the current or near-future instruments. This book summarizes the results of this intensive week of work. The book is written in a comprehensive manner and reviews our current knowledge of the subject. It also represents an updated account of the ideas and thoughts of the scientists working in the field of Star Formation. The contributions are presented in six chapters which correspond to the six fundamental issues (sessions) on which the discussion was focused during the workshop: the physics of turbulence in the Interstellar Medium (ISM), the formation of structure in the ISM, the formation of stars within dense cores of molecular gas, the physics of accretion disks, the physics of outflows and their interaction with the ISM, and the interaction between the stellar magnetosphere and accretion disk. Each chapter starts with a comprehensive summary written by one of the editors, which includes input from the contributions as well as the editor's own thoughts on the subject. For all these reasons the book is well-suited as a primer to introduce graduate students in the richness of this field of research.

Table of Contents

Preface	1	(4)
International Workshop on Magnetic Fields and Star Formation	5	(4)
TURBULENCE IN THE ISM
M. HEYER and E. ZWEIBEL
Turbulence in the Star-Forming Interstellar Medium: Steps Toward Constraining Theories With Observations	9	(8)
B.D.G. CHANDRAN
A Review of the Theory of Incompressible MHD Turbulence	17	(12)
A. LAZARIAN and J. CHO
Basic Properties of Compressible MHD Turbulence: Implications for Molecular Clouds	29	(16)
F. HEITSCH, E.G. ZWEIBEL, A.D. SLYZ and J.E.G. DEVRIENDT
Magnetic Flux Transport in the ISM Through Turbulent Ambipolar Diffusion	45	(8)
N.E.L. HAUGEN, A. BRANDENBURG and W. DOBLER
High-Resolution Simulations of Nonhelical MHD Turbulence	53	(8)
S. BOLDYREV, R PADOAN, R. JIMENEZ and Å. NORDLUND
Scaling Relations of Supersonic Turbulence in Molecular Clouds	61	(8)
G. PAVLOVSKI, M.D. SMITH, M.-M. MAC LOW and A. ROSEN
Hydrodynamical Simulations of Molecular Dynamics in Supersonic Turbulent Flow	69	(8)
C. HEILES
Observational Magnetogasdynamics: 21 Years of HI Zeeman Splitting Measurements...and More	77	(12)
E. FALGARONE, P. HILY-BLANT and F. LEVRIER
Structure of Molecular Clouds	89	(14)
S. STANIMIROVIC, J.M. WEISBERG, A. HEDDEN, K. DEVINE, T. GREEN and S.B. ANDERSON
The Tiny-Scale Atomic Structure: Gas Cloudlets or Scintillation Phenomenon?	103	(8)
J.E. BECKMAN and M. RELAÑO
Is the Supersonic Turbulence Observed in HII Regions Sustained by the Presence of Magnetic Fields?	111	(8)
J.M. GIRART, J.S. GREAVES, R.M. CRUTCHER and S.-P. LAI
BIMA and JCMT Spectropolarimetric Observations of the CO J = 2 — 1 Line Towards Orion KL/IRc2	119	(8)
M. HOUDE, R. PENG, H. YOSHIDA, R.H. HILDEBRAND, T.G. PHILLIPS, C.D. DOWELL, P. BASTIEN, J.L. DOTSON and J.E. VAILLANCOURT
The Measurement of the Orientation of the Magnetic Field in Molecular Clouds	127	(10)
FORMATION OF STRUCTURE AND FRAGMENTATION
E. VÁZQUEZ-SEMADENI
Fragmentation and Structure Formation	137	(6)
J. BALLESTEROS-PAREDES
Turbulent Fragmentation and Star Formation	143	(14)
M. DE AVILLEZ and D. BREITSCHWERDT
MHD Simulations of the ISM: The Importance of the Galactic Magnetic Field on the ISM "Phases"	157	(8)
R.S. KLESSEN
Comments on GravoTurbulent Star Formation	165	(10)
R.M. CRUTCHER
What Drives Star Formation?	175	(14)
S. WOLF, R. LAUNHARDT and T. HENNING
Evolution of Magnetic Fields in Bok Globules?	189	(8)
S.-P. LAI, T. VELUSAMY and W.D. LANGER
High Angular Resolution Study of the Ion and Neutral Spectra as a Probe of the Magnetic Field Structure	197	(10)
FROM CORES TO STARS
R. REBOLO
From Cores to Stars, Brown Dwarfs and Planets	207	(4)
M.R. BATE
From Molecular Cores to Stars and Brown Dwarfs	211	(12)
K. TOMISAKA, M.N. MACHIDA and T. MATSUMOTO
Contraction and Fragmentation of Magnetized Rotating Clouds and Formation of Binary Systems	223	(8)
M. WARDLE
Star Formation and the Hall Effect	231	(8)
P. ANDRÉ, J. BOUWMAN, A. BELLOCHE and P. HENNEBELLE
Submillimeter Studies of Prestellar Cores and Protostars: Probing the Initial Conditions for Protostellar Collapse	239	(14)
V.J.S. BÉJAR, J.A. CABALLERO, R. REBOLO, M.R. ZAPATERO OSORIO and D. BARRADO Y NAVASCUÉS
The Substellar Population in the Young σ Orionis Cluster, Spatial Distribution	253	(8)
M. TAFALLA, P.C. MYERS, P. CASELLI and C.M. WALMSLEY
On The Internal Structure of Starless Cores. Physical and Chemical Properties of L1498 and L1517B	261	(10)
ACCRETION DISKS
M. TAGGER
Accretion and Ejections in Magnetized Disks	271	(6)
J.F. HAWLEY
Turbulence in Accretion Disks	277	(12)
E.G. BLACKMAN and J.C. TAN
Coronae & Outflows from Helical Dynamos, Compatibility with the MRI, and Application to Protostellar Disks	289	(12)
A. DUTREY and S. GUILLOTEAU
Observations of Circumstellar Disks	301	(12)
F. MÉNARD and G. DUCHÊNE
On the Alignment of T Tauri Stars With the Local Magnetic Field in the Taurus Molecular Cloud Complex	313	(8)
P. BASTIEN, E MÉNARD, P. CORPORON, N. MANSET, F. POIDEVIN, G. DUCHÊNE and J.-L. MONIN
Polarization in the Young Cluster NGC 6611: Circumstellar, Interstellar, or...Both?	321
JETS AND LARGE SCALE OUTFLOWS
R.E. PUDRITZ
Jets and Large Scale Outflows: Theory Confronts the Observations	331	(8)
J. FERREIRA and F. CASSE
Self-Collimated Stationary Disk Winds	339	(14)
B. VON REKOWSKI, A. BRANDENBURG, W. DOBLER and A. SHUKUROV
Outflows From Dynamo-Active Protostellar Accretion Discs	353	(8)
S. CABRIT, D.R. FLOWER, G. PINEAU DES FORÊTS, J. LE BOURLOT and C. CECCARELLI
H2 Diagnostics of Magnetic Molecular Shocks in Bipolar Outflows	361	(8)
A. CHRYSOSTOMOU, R. CURRAN and D. AITKEN
The Magnetic Environments of Young Stellar Objects	369	(8)
G. GARAY, K.J. BROOKS, D. MARDONES and R. NORRIS
A Collimated Stellar Wind Emanating from a Massive Protostar	377	(10)
INTERACTION DISK-STELLAR MAGNETOSPHERE
A.I. GÓMEZ DE CASTRO
Magnetic Activity and the Interaction Between the Stellar Magnetosphere and the Accretion Disk	387	(12)
D.A. UZDENSKY
Magnetic Interaction Between Stars And Accretion Disks	399	(14)
F. MORENO-INSERTIS
The Emergence of Magnetic Field into Stellar Atmospheres	413	(12)
M. KÜKER, TH. HENNING and G. RÜDIGER
Magnetic Star-Disk Interaction in Classical T Tauri Stars	425	(10)
D.M. O'BRIEN, P.J.V. GARCIA, J. FERREIRA, S. CABRIT and L. BINETTE
The Temperature and Ionization of T-Tauri Micro-Jets	435	(10)
J.A. VALENTI and C.M. JOHNS-KRULL
Observations of Magnetic Fields on T Tauri Stars	445	(12)
T. PREIBISCH
X-ray Activity and Accretion in Young Stellar Objects	457	(12)
C. DOUGADOS, S. CABRIT, J. FERREIRA, N. PESENTI, P. GARCIA and D. O'BRIEN
The Origin of Jets from Young Stars: MHD Disk Wind Models Confronted to Observations	469	(8)
F. BACCIOTTI, T.P. RAY, D. COFFEY, J. EISLÖFFEL and J. WOITAS
Testing the Models for Jet Generation with Hubble Space Telescope Observations	477	(8)
J. BOUVIER, C. DOUGADOS and S.H.P. ALENCAR
Time Dependent Magnetospheric Accretion in T Tauri Stars	485	(6)
D. BARRADO Y NAVASCUÉS, E.L. MARTIN, R. JAYAWARDHANA and S. MOHANTY
Classical T Tauri Stars and Substellar Analogs: Classification Based on Empirical Criteria	491	(8)
M.R. ZAPATERO OSORIO, J. CABALLERO, E.L. MARTIN, V.J.S. BÉJAR and R. REBOLO
Clues to Substellar Formation: Rotation and the Low-Mass End of the Initial Mass Function	499	(8)
C. HIDALGO
On the Nature of Transport in Fusion Plasmas	507