Abbreviations | p. viii |
Summary | p. ix |
Introduction: Definition of Special and Differential Treatment | p. 1 |
Special and Differential Treatment Commitments Provided to Developing Countries | p. 5 |
Introduction | |
Architecture of services trade agreements | p. 6 |
The GATS | p. 6 |
The Doha Development Round | p. 7 |
Regional trade agreements | p. 7 |
Provisions acknowledging that reciprocity is not expected from developing countries | p. 7 |
The GATS | p. 7 |
The Doha Development Round | p. 8 |
Regional trade agreements | p. 9 |
Negotiated outcomes | p. 9 |
The GATS | p. 9 |
The Doha Development Round | p. 11 |
Regional trade agreements | p. 12 |
Technical assistance | p. 14 |
The GATS | p. 14 |
The Doha Development Round | p. 15 |
Regional trade agreements | p. 16 |
Longer time periods for implementation | p. 16 |
The GATS | p. 16 |
The Doha Development Round | p. 16 |
Regional trade agreements | p. 16 |
'Best endeavour' provisions | p. 17 |
The GATS | p. 17 |
The Doha Development Roun | p. 17 |
Regional trade agreements | p. 18 |
Pros and cons of special and differential treatment | p. 18 |
Challenges Faced by Business in Maximising Export and Investment Opportunities Derived from Special and Differential Treatment | p. 23 |
Suggested Pro-development Special and Differential Treatment Arrangements and Measures | p. 25 |
Negotiated outcomes that are beneficial to developing country partners | p. 25 |
Binding of Mode 1 in RTAs by developed countries for all services exports and removal of linkage with Mode 3 | p. 25 |
Market access commitments for Mode 4 in categories of interest to developing countries | p. 26 |
Government procurement | p. 29 |
Channels for sharing information and expertise | p. 29 |
Provision of effective technical assistance | p. 32 |
The design and implementation of services regulatory systems | p. 32 |
Addressing supply-side constraints | p. 34 |
Recognising and facilitating inter-model linkages in services trade by developing Commonwealth countries | p. 34 |
How to Assess the Impact of Services Trade Liberalisation on Domestic vis-a-vis Foreign Service Suppliers | p. 36 |
What should be measured? | p. 36 |
What data should be used? | p. 37 |
Modelling techniques | p. 37 |
Total factor productivity models | p. 38 |
Computable general equilibrium modelling | p. 38 |
Frequency and gravity models | p. 40 |
Approaches to Advance Special and Differential Treatment in the Multilateral Context | p. 42 |
Reference paper | p. 42 |
MFN waiver with respect to LDC services exports | p. 43 |
Other approaches | p. 44 |
Annexes | |
SDT Provisions in Key North-South Regional Trade Agreements | p. 46 |
SDT Provisions in Key South-South Regional Trade Agreements | p. 51 |
GATS Provisions on Special and Differential Treatment | p. 53 |
Doha Development Round Documents Calling for Special and Differential Treatment | p. 56 |
Mode 4 Commitments by Developed Countries in North-South Regional Trade Agreements | p. 63 |
WTO Proposals Relating to Special and Differential Treatment in Trade in Services | p. 66 |
Bibliography | p. 75 |
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