Management and Supervision in Law Enforcement With Infotrac

by BENNETT/HESS

• ISBN13: 9780534616052
• ISBN10: 0534616054
• Additional ISBN(s): 9780495093411, 9780534554316
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-07-17
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

Foreword. Preface. About the Authors. Section One: MANAGEMENT AND SUPERVISION: AN OVERVIEW. 1. The Law Enforcement Organization. 2. The Role of the Manager and Leadership in Law Enforcement. Section Two: BASIC MANAGEMENT/PERSONAL SKILLS. 3. Communication: A Critical Management Skill. 4. Problem Solving and Decision Making. 5. Time Management: Minute by Minute. 6. Budgeting and Managing Costs Creatively. 7. Hiring Personnel and Dealing with Unions. Section Three: MANAGERS AND THE SKILLS OF OTHERS. 8. Training and Beyond. 9. Promoting Growth and Development. 10. Motivation and Morale. Section Four: MANAGING PROBLEMS. 11. Discipline and Problem Behaviors. 12. Complaints and Grievances. 13. Conflict--It's Inevitable. 14. Stress. Section Five: GETTING THE JOB DONE...THROUGH OTHERS. 15. Deploying Law Enforcement Resources and Improving Productivity. 16. Performance Appraisals and Evaluation. 17. Challenges in Managing for the Future. Appendix A: Sample Application Form. Appendix B: Sample Interview Rating Sheet. Appendix C: Accessibility Checklist for Complying with ADA Regulations. Appendix D: Sample Affirmative Action Questionnaire. Appendix E: Offenses and their Penalties--Progressive Discipline. Appendix F: Sample Community Policing Implementation Profile. Appendix G: Sample Goals, Daily Routine, Methods, Responsibilities and Duties of a Community Policing Officer. Glossary. Author Index. Subject Index.

Table of Contents

SECTION I Management and Supervision: An Overview
The Law Enforcement Organization	1	(28)
Introduction	2	(1)
Evolution of Law Enforcement Organizations	2	(1)
The Traditional Law Enforcement Organization	3	(5)
Three Eras of Policing	4	(4)
The Law Enforcement Mission	8	(1)
An Organization's Guiding Philosophy and Values	9	(1)
Goals, Objectives and Work Plans	9	(2)
Goals	10	(1)
Objectives	10	(1)
Work Plans	10	(1)
The Formal Organization	11	(5)
Typical Divisions in Law Enforcement Agencies	11	(2)
Rational Organization and Hierarchy of Authority	13	(3)
Authority, Responsibility and Delegation	16	(1)
The Informal Organization	16	(3)
Coordination	19	(1)
The Emerging Law Enforcement Organization	19	(3)
Why the Need to Change?	21	(1)
Community-Oriented Policing and Problem Solving (COPPS)	22	(4)
Summary	26	(1)
Discussion Questions	27	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	27	(1)
References	27	(2)
The Role of Management and Leadership in Law Enforcement	29	(42)
Introduction	30	(1)
Managers and Management	31	(1)
Authority and Power	31	(1)
Delegation	31	(1)
Basic Management Skills and Tools	32	(2)
A Balance	33	(1)
Basic Tools	33	(1)
The Role of Self-Confidence	34	(1)
Lessons Learned from Business	34	(1)
Management by Objectives	34	(1)
Total Quality Management	34	(1)
Management Styles	35	(5)
Theory X/Theory Y---McGregor	35	(1)
The Four-System Approach---Likert	36	(2)
The Mature Employee Theory---Argyris	38	(1)
The Managerial/Leadership Grid Theory---Blake and Mouton	38	(2)
Which Management Style to Select?	40	(1)
Levels of Managers	40	(3)
First-Line Managers	41	(1)
Middle Management	42	(1)
The Top Level---The Executive Manager	42	(1)
Essential Functions of Law Enforcement Executives	43	(4)
Planners	43	(3)
Facilitators	46	(1)
Interfacers	46	(1)
Interactors	46	(1)
On Becoming an Executive Manager	47	(3)
Politics	48	(1)
What City Managers Expect from the Chief of Police	48	(1)
Common Management Challenges	49	(1)
Indicators of Organizational Problems	50	(1)
Law Enforcement Management as a Career	50	(2)
Management and Leadership	52	(1)
Managing vs. Leading	52	(2)
Characteristics of Leaders	54	(1)
Research on and Theories Related to Leadership	55	(4)
Trait Theories	55	(2)
The Michigan State and Ohio State Universities Studies	57	(1)
The Managerial Grid from a Leadership Perspective	57	(1)
Situational Leadership	57	(2)
Transformational Leadership	59	(1)
Leadership Styles	59	(4)
Consultative, Democratic or Participative Leadership	61	(1)
Laissez-Faire Leadership	61	(1)
Implications	62	(1)
Leadership---A Call for Change	63	(1)
Leadership Training and Development	63	(1)
Guidelines for Effective Management/Leadership	64	(2)
Holistic Management	66	(1)
The Team Approach	66	(2)
Summary	68	(1)
Discussion Questions	69	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	69	(1)
References	69	(2)
SECTION II Basic Management/Personal Skills
Communication: A Critical Management Skill	71	(32)
Introduction	72	(1)
Communication Defined	72	(1)
The Importance of Communication Skills to Managers	73	(1)
The Communication Process	73	(9)
The Sender of the Message	75	(1)
The Message	76	(2)
Channels of Communication	78	(2)
The Receiver of the Message	80	(1)
Listening	80	(2)
Feedback	82	(1)
Barriers to Communication	82	(2)
The Gender Barrier	83	(1)
The Cultural Barrier	84	(1)
Obstacles within the Process	84	(2)
Communication Enhancers	86	(1)
Internal Lines of Communication	86	(4)
Subordinate Communication	87	(1)
The Grapevine	87	(1)
Newsletters	87	(1)
Communication at Meetings	88	(2)
External Communication	90	(7)
Communicating with the Media	90	(5)
Communicating with the Broader Community	95	(1)
The Internet	96	(1)
Other Modes of External Communication	96	(1)
Communication and Homeland Security	97	(1)
Summary	98	(1)
Discussion Questions	99	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	99	(1)
References	100	(3)
Decision Making and Problem Solving	103	(30)
Introduction	104	(1)
Kinds of Decisions	104	(1)
Whole-Brain Research	105	(1)
Modes of Thinking	106	(1)
Basic Methods for Making Decisions or Solving Problems	107	(7)
Intuition	107	(1)
Snap Decisions	107	(1)
Delegating	108	(1)
Not Deciding	108	(1)
Using Computers for Decision Making	108	(1)
Participatory Decision Making (PDM)	109	(2)
Brainstorming	111	(1)
Focus Groups	112	(1)
Groupthink	112	(2)
More Complex Decision Making/Problems Solving Processes	114	(6)
The Seven-Step Decision-Making/Problem-Solving Process	114	(3)
Force-Field Analysis (FFA)	117	(1)
The Nominal Group Technique	118	(1)
The Delphi Technique	119	(1)
A Modified Delphi Technique	120	(1)
Problem-Oriented Policing	120	(4)
The SARA Model in Action	123	(1)
POP and Internal Problems	124	(1)
Creativity and Innovation	124	(4)
Changing Your Environment	125	(1)
Thinking Traps and Mental Locks	126	(2)
Killer Phrases	128	(1)
Common Mistakes	128	(1)
Two Key Considerations in Decision Making and Problem Solving	129	(1)
Evaluating Decisions	129	(1)
Summary	130	(1)
Discussion Questions	131	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	131	(1)
References	131	(2)
Time Management: Minute by Minute	133	(26)
Introduction	134	(1)
Time Defined	135	(1)
Time Management: Planning and Organizing Time	135	(1)
Time Management in a Service Organization	136	(1)
Value of Time	136	(1)
Goals and Time Management	137	(3)
Segmenting Tasks	137	(1)
Goals, Objectives and the Pareto Principle	138	(1)
Setting Priorities	139	(1)
Urgent vs. Important	139	(1)
Organizing Time	140	(4)
Time Logs and Lists	140	(4)
Controlling Time	144	(1)
The Daily To-Do List	144	(1)
Scheduling	145	(1)
The Time Map	145	(1)
Other Methods of Organizing Time	146	(1)
Time Abusers: Combating Unproductive Time	146	(6)
External Timewasters	146	(3)
Internal Timewasters	149	(3)
A Caution	152	(1)
Controlling the Paper Flood and Information Load	152	(3)
Retaining What You Need to Remember	155	(1)
Productivity---The Bottom Line	155	(1)
The Physiology of Productivity	156	(1)
Summary	157	(1)
Discussion Questions	157	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	158	(1)
References	159	(1)
Budgeting and Managing Costs Creatively	159	(26)
Introduction	160	(1)
Budget Defined	160	(1)
Types of Budgets	160	(1)
Purposes of Budgets	161	(1)
Budgeting and Accounting Terminology	162	(1)
Responsibility for Preparing the Budget	163	(1)
Typical Levels in Developing a Budget	164	(1)
The Budgeting Process	164	(3)
Budgeting Systems	167	(1)
Budget Categories	167	(1)
Typical Allocations to Various Categories	167	(1)
Presenting the Budget for Approval	168	(1)
Monitoring	169	(1)
Cutback Budgeting	169	(3)
Causes of Cutback Budgeting	170	(1)
Doing More with Less	171	(1)
Managing Costs Creatively	172	(1)
Identifying Common Cost Problems	172	(1)
Employee Cost Improvement Suggestion Programs	173	(1)
Creative Ways to Reduce Costs	173	(3)
The Regional Approach or Consolidating Services	173	(1)
Community Resource Centers	174	(1)
Contracting	174	(1)
The Quartermaster System	174	(1)
Volunteers	175	(1)
Privatization	176	(1)
Increasing Revenue	176	(2)
Fund Raising	176	(1)
Charging for Services	177	(1)
Asset Forfeiture	177	(1)
Grants	178	(3)
Federal Grant Money	178	(2)
State Grant Money	180	(1)
Other Sources of Funding	180	(1)
The Grant Proposal	180	(1)
Summary	181	(1)
Discussion Questions	182	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	182	(1)
References	182	(3)
Hiring Personnel and Dealing with Unions	185	(36)
Introduction	186	(1)
The Importance of Hiring Well	187	(1)
Recruiting	188	(4)
Recruiting for Diversity	190	(1)
Recruiting Racial/Ethnic Minorities	190	(1)
Recruiting Women	190	(2)
The Selection Process	192	(8)
The Application	193	(1)
Testing/Screening	193	(5)
The Interview	198	(2)
Assessment Centers	200	(2)
Innovations in Selecting	202	(1)
The Human Resource Roundtable	202	(1)
The Candidate Ride-Along	202	(1)
Employment Criteria	203	(2)
Educational Requirements	203	(2)
Laws Affecting Employment	205	(4)
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993	206	(1)
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)	206	(3)
Affirmative Action	209	(1)
Labor Laws and Unions	210	(7)
Types of Law Enforcement Unions	212	(2)
Reasons for Joining Law Enforcement Unions	214	(1)
Management vs. Employee Rights	214	(1)
Management, Unions and Politics	215	(1)
Levels of Bargaining	215	(1)
Management and Unions Working Together	215	(1)
Collective Bargaining, Arbitration and the CEO	216	(1)
Votes of No Confidence	217	(1)
Summary	217	(1)
Discussion Questions	218
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	217	(2)
References	219	(2)
SECTION III Managers and the Skills of Others
Training and Beyond	221	(40)
Introduction	222	(1)
Training as a Management Function	223	(1)
Failure-to-Train Litigation	223	(1)
Training Philosophy	224	(1)
Training vs. Educating	224	(1)
Variables Affecting Learning	225	(6)
Individual Variables	225	(4)
Task or Information Variables	229	(1)
Environmental/Instructional Variables	230	(1)
Implications	230	(1)
Principles of Learning	231	(2)
Training Tips	232	(1)
Training Pitfalls	233	(1)
Effective Trainers	233	(1)
Instructional Methods	233	(5)
Lecture	234	(1)
Question/Answer Sessions	234	(1)
Discussion	235	(1)
Videoconferencing	235	(1)
Demonstration	236	(1)
Hands-On Learning	236	(1)
Role Playing	237	(1)
Case Studies	237	(1)
Simulations	237	(1)
Combination	238	(1)
Individual, Group or Entire/Agency	238	(1)
Instructional Materials	238	(4)
Printed Information	238	(1)
Visuals	239	(1)
Bulletin Boards	239	(1)
Audio- and Videocassettes	239	(1)
Television Programs	240	(1)
Computer Programs	240	(1)
Distance or E-Learning	241	(1)
Other Training Options	242	(1)
Training Standards	242	(2)
Basic Certification Instruction	244	(1)
Academy Training for New Recruits	244	(1)
On-the-Job Training	244	(3)
Field Training	245	(1)
In-House Training Sessions	246	(1)
Roll Call	246	(1)
Remedial Training	246	(1)
Becoming a Sergeant	247	(1)
Training at the Management Level	248	(1)
External Training	249	(1)
College Classes	249	(1)
Seminars, Conferences and Workshops	250	(1)
Independent Study	250	(1)
Ongoing Training---Lifelong Learning	250	(3)
The Training Cycle	251	(2)
Benefits of Effective Training Programs	253	(3)
Benefits for Individual Officers	254	(1)
Benefits for Supervisors and Managers	254	(1)
Benefits for the Entire Department and Community	254	(2)
The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994	256	(1)
Training and COPPS	256	(1)
Summary	256	(2)
Discussion Questions	258	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	258	(1)
References	258	(3)
Promoting Growth and Development	261	(32)
Introduction	262	(1)
Job Descriptions	262	(1)
The Workplace Culture	262	(4)
The Socialization Process	263	(1)
The Police Culture	263	(2)
Changing the Workplace Culture	265	(1)
Developing Positive Interpersonal Relationships	266	(4)
Self-Disclosure and Feedback	266	(1)
Goal Setting	266	(3)
Goals and Values	269	(1)
Balanced Performer Managers and Empowerment	270	(1)
Stages of Growth	270	(2)
Managers as Mentors	272	(1)
Developing Positive Attitudes	273	(1)
Developing a Positive Image	274	(1)
Developing Cultural Awareness and Sensitivity	275	(5)
Racial Profiling	277	(3)
Developing a Sense of Ethics and Integrity	280	(8)
Accepting Gratuities	284	(1)
Unethical Behavior and Corruption	285	(2)
Promoting Ethical Behavior and Integrity	287	(1)
The Long-Range Importance of Developing Personnel	288	(1)
Managers as Motivators for Change	288	(1)
Evaluating the Climate for Growth, Development and Change	289	(1)
Summary	289	(1)
Discussion Questions	290	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	291	(1)
References	291	(2)
Motivation and Morale	293	(36)
Introduction	294	(1)
Officer Retention, Motivation and Morale	294	(1)
Motivation Defined	295	(1)
Self-Motivation	295	(1)
Motivational Theories	296	(8)
The Hierarchy of Needs---Abraham Maslow	296	(2)
Two-Factor Hygiene/Motivator Theory---Herzberg	298	(3)
Reinforcement Theory---Skinner	301	(1)
The Expectancy Theory---Vroom	302	(1)
Contingency Theory---Morse and Lorsch	303	(1)
Causes and Symptoms of an Unmotivated Work Force	304	(1)
External, Tangible Motivators	304	(2)
The Compensation Package	304	(1)
Perks	305	(1)
Incentive Programs	305	(1)
Working Conditions and Schedules	305	(1)
Security	306	(1)
Social	306	(1)
Status	306	(1)
Internal, Intangible Motivators	306	(4)
Goals and Expectations	306	(1)
Achievement, Recognition, Growth and Advancement	307	(1)
Self-Esteem	307	(1)
A Feeling of Importance	308	(1)
Being Involved, Included and ``In'' on Things	309	(1)
What Is Really Motivational?	309	(1)
The Law Enforcement Career as a Motivator	310	(3)
Job Rotation	311	(1)
Job Enlargement	312	(1)
Job Enrichment	312	(1)
Job Satisfaction and Community Policing and Problem Solving	312	(1)
Benefits of Motivated Personnel	313	(1)
Morale: An Overview	313	(1)
Indicators of Morale Problems	314	(1)
Reasons for Morale Problems	315	(1)
Building Morale	316	(3)
Promotions and Morale	319	(4)
Assessment Centers	320	(2)
Strategic Career Planning	322	(1)
Police/Family Programs	322	(1)
An Innovative Program for Maintaining Veteran Officers' Morale	323	(1)
Summary	323	(3)
Discussion Questions	326	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	326	(1)
References	326	(3)
SECTION IV Managing Problems
Discipline and Problem Behaviors	329	(28)
Introduction	330	(1)
Discipline Defined	330	(1)
Positive, Constructive Self-Discipline	331	(1)
Maintaining Positive Discipline	331	(1)
Knowledge of Rules, Regulations and Expected Behavior	331	(2)
Typical Rules and Regulations for Law Enforcement Departments	332	(1)
Policy vs. Discretion	333	(1)
Clarity of Role vs. Creativity	333	(1)
Common Problem Behaviors	333	(5)
Substance Abuse in the Workplace	334	(1)
Use of Excessive Force	334	(3)
Corruption	337	(1)
Sexual Harassment	337	(1)
Insubordination	338	(1)
Negative Discipline/Punishment	338	(8)
Identifying the Problem Performer---Early Warning Systems	339	(1)
Determining Penalties	340	(3)
Summary Punishment	343	(1)
Guidelines for Administering Negative Discipline	343	(1)
Steps in Administering Negative Discipline	344	(1)
Appeal	345	(1)
Legal Considerations	345	(1)
Comprehensive Discipline	346	(8)
The Balance of Consequences Analysis---Wilson Learning Corporation	346	(4)
The Price Method	350	(1)
One-Minute Managing	351	(1)
The Stroke Approach	352	(2)
A Disciplinary System	354	(1)
Summary	354	(1)
Discussion Questions	355	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	355	(1)
References	356	(1)
Complaints and Grievances	357	(20)
Introduction	358	(1)
Definitions	358	(1)
Complaints	358	(1)
External Complaints	359	(2)
Causes of External Complaints	360	(1)
Reducing External Complaints	361	(1)
Internal Complaints	361	(4)
Causes of Internal Complaints	361	(1)
Reducing Internal Complaints	362	(3)
Complaint Policies	365	(1)
Handling and Investigating Complaints	365	(2)
Internal Affairs Investigations	367	(1)
Officers' Rights and Legal Procedures	367	(1)
Civilian Review Boards	368	(2)
The Civilian Ombudsman	370	(1)
Grievances	370	(2)
Causes	371	(1)
Resolving Grievances	372	(1)
Mediation and Arbitration	373	(1)
Disposition of Complaints and Grievances	374	(1)
The Chronic Complainer	374	(1)
Summary	375	(1)
Discussion Questions	376	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	376	(1)
References	376	(1)
Conflict---It's Inevitable	377	(24)
Introduction	378	(1)
Conflict Defined	378	(1)
Conflicting Views of Conflict	379	(1)
Sources of Conflict	380	(3)
Individual Sources	380	(1)
Interpersonal Sources	381	(1)
Job-Related Sources	381	(1)
Use of Force: A Major Source of Conflict	382	(1)
Harassment: Another Major Source of Conflict	382	(1)
Sources of Conflict External to the Law Enforcement Organization	383	(1)
Change---Yet Another Major Source	383	(1)
Responsibility for Conflict Management	383	(1)
Recognizing and Acknowledging Conflict	384	(1)
Managing Crisis Conflict	385	(1)
Dealing with Problem Employees	386	(1)
Dealing with Difficult People	386	(3)
Handling Personal Attacks	389	(1)
Handling Disagreements between Others in the Department	390	(1)
Helping Employees Get Along	391	(1)
Role Conflict of Sergeants	392	(1)
Using Ombuds	392	(1)
Dealing with External Conflicts	392	(2)
Conflicts with Other Agencies	392	(1)
Conflicts with the Public	393	(1)
Mediation and Community Policing	394	(1)
Dealing with Internal and External Politics	394	(1)
Maintaining Healthy Conflict	395	(2)
Avoiding the Suppression of Conflict	396	(1)
Understanding	396	(1)
Conflict Resolution Skills	397	(1)
Summary	398	(2)
Discussion Questions	400	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	400	(1)
References	400	(1)
Stress	401	(30)
Introduction	402	(1)
Stress Defined	403	(1)
Sources of Stress	404	(4)
Daily Living or General Sources of Stress	405	(1)
Personality as a Source of Stress	405	(1)
Job-Related Sources of Stress	405	(1)
Law Enforcement-Related Sources	405	(3)
Law Enforcement Personnel with Additional Stressors	408	(2)
Women Officers	408	(1)
Minority Officers	409	(1)
Investigators	409	(1)
Managers/Supervisors	409	(1)
Death Notification	410	(1)
Shift Work, Overtime and Fatigue	411	(1)
Critical Incidents	412	(3)
Line-of-Duty Deaths	414	(1)
Victimized Families	415	(1)
Reactions to Stress/Symptoms	416	(1)
Physical	416	(1)
Psychological	416	(1)
Behavioral	416	(1)
On the Job	417	(1)
Levels of Stress	417	(1)
Burnout	417	(2)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)	419	(1)
Depression	420	(1)
Suicide	421	(1)
Coping with Stress	421	(1)
Reducing Stress Levels	422	(1)
How the Organization Can Reduce Stress	423	(2)
Testing and Selection	423	(1)
Ongoing Psychological Support	424	(1)
Programs to Prevent/Reduce Stress	425	(2)
Peer Support Groups	425	(1)
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing	425	(1)
The Organizational Consultant Program	426	(1)
Chaplain Corps	426	(1)
Other Stress Management Programs	426	(1)
The Role of the Manager/Supervisor	427	(1)
Summary	427	(1)
Discussion Questions	428	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	428	(1)
References	429	(2)
SECTION V Getting the Job Done---Through Others
Deploying Law Enforcement Resources and Improving Productivity	431	(40)
Introduction	432	(1)
Law Enforcement Productivity	433	(1)
Productivity Defined	433	(1)
Measuring Law Enforcement Productivity	434	(1)
Traditional Means of Deploying Personnel	434	(1)
Police Logs	435	(2)
Computer Scheduling	435	(2)
Factors Considered in Employee Deployment	437	(5)
Shifts	438	(3)
Proportionate Assignment	441	(1)
Job Rotation	442	(1)
Overtime	442	(1)
Response Time	443	(1)
Differentiated Response	443	(1)
Operation Bullseye	444	(1)
Random Patrol	444	(2)
The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment	445	(1)
Aggressive Patrol	446	(1)
Methods of Patrol	446	(5)
Automobile Patrol	446	(2)
Bicycle Patrol	448	(2)
Foot Patrol	450	(1)
Air Patrol	451	(1)
Water Patrol	451	(1)
Expanding the Law Enforcement Personnel Pool	451	(3)
Citizen Police Academies	451	(1)
Citizens on Patrol	452	(1)
Reserves	452	(1)
Volunteers	453	(1)
Explorers	454	(1)
Civilianization	454	(1)
Deploying Resources in Emergencies	454	(3)
Technological Aids	456	(1)
Deploying Resources to ``Fight Crime,''	457	(3)
Crime Triangle	457	(3)
Community Policing and Deployment of Personnel	460	(1)
Citizen Involvement	461	(1)
Productivity Problems	461	(1)
Improving Productivity	462	(5)
Technology	462	(2)
Quality Circles Approach	464	(1)
Productive Work Teams	465	(1)
Leadership, Discipline, Motivation and Morale Revisited	466	(1)
Summary	467	(1)
Discussion Questions	468	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	468	(1)
References	469	(2)
Performance Appraisals and Evaluation	471	(32)
Introduction	472	(1)
Evaluation Defined	472	(1)
Informal vs. Formal Evaluation	472	(1)
Evaluation on the Job	473	(1)
Purposes of Evaluation	474	(1)
Performance Criteria/Standards	475	(3)
Recognizing Value in Policing	478	(2)
Surveys and Rating Forms	479	(1)
Information for Evaluation	480	(2)
Common Types of Performance Evaluations	482	(4)
Evaluation of Subordinates by Managers, Supervisors and Others	482	(2)
Evaluation of Managers and Supervisors by Subordinates	484	(2)
Performance Interviews	486	(2)
Guidelines for Evaluating	488	(1)
Problems of Performance Evaluations	489	(1)
Automated Performance Evaluations	490	(1)
Legal Requirements in Performance Evaluation	491	(1)
Fitness-for-Duty Evaluations	491	(1)
Benefits of Evaluation	492	(1)
The Evaluation Cycle	492	(1)
Evaluating the Team	492	(1)
Evaluating Training	492	(2)
Evaluating the Entire Department	494	(3)
Citizen Surveys	495	(2)
Partnerships	497	(1)
Accreditation	497	(2)
Accreditation and Community Policing	498	(1)
Evaluation and Research	499	(2)
Challenging the Status Quo	500	(1)
Summary	501	(1)
Discussion Questions	502	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	502	(1)
References	502	(1)
Challenges in Managing for the Future	503	(18)
Introduction	504	(1)
Megatrends---Looking to the Future	504	(1)
Law Enforcement for the Future	505	(3)
A Basic Change in Needed Management Skills	505	(1)
A Changing Public to Be Served	506	(1)
Advances in Technology	507	(1)
Major Challenges in the Twenty-First Century	508	(5)
The Drug Problem	508	(1)
Violence	509	(1)
Homeland Security	510	(2)
Privatization	512	(1)
Futuristics	513	(2)
The Need for Creativity and Innovation	515	(1)
Change Revisited	516	(3)
The Boiled Frog Phenomenon	517	(1)
Planning for the Future	518	(1)
Acceptance of Change	518	(1)
Summary	519	(1)
Discussion Questions	519	(1)
Info Trac College Edition Assignment	520	(1)
References	520	(1)
Appendix A: Sample Application Form	521	(4)
Appendix B: Sample Interview Rating Sheet	525	(2)
Appendix C: Accessibility Checklist for Complying with the ADA Regulations	527	(2)
Appendix D: Sample Affirmative Action Questionnaire	529	(2)
Appendix E: Offenses and their Penalties---Progressive Discipline	531	(2)
Appendix F: Sample Community Policing Implementation Profile	533	(2)
Appendix G: Duties of a Community Policing Officer	535	(4)
Appendix H: Lists of Abbreviations and Acronyms	539	(4)
Glossary	543	(18)
Author Index	561	(6)
Subject Index	567