The Many Scales in the Universe

by Iniesta, J. C. Del Toro; Alfaro, E. J.; Gorgas, J. G.; Salvador-Sole, E.; Butcher, H.

• ISBN13: 9781402043512
• ISBN10: 1402043511
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-07-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

The book gathers the invited talks to the XIII JENAM conference, organized this time by the European Astronomical Society (EAS) and the Spanish Astronomical Society (SEA), and hosted by the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC). All branches of astrophysics are encompassed from the largest scales and cosmology to the solar system and the Sun, through the galaxies and the stars, including a section on astronomical instrumentation. Very relevant experts from all over the world speak in a single book about the most recent, exciting results from their fields in a way which is useful for both researchers in these fields and colleagues working in other disciplines. The book is accompanied by a CD-ROM including the remaining contributions of the meeting in PDF format, hence opening a wide panorama of what is going on in astrophysics nowadays.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Committees	xv
The Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies: Open Problems	1	(24)
Enrique Martinez-González and Patricio Vielva
1 Introduction	2	(2)
2 CMB temperature anisotropies	4	(4)
3 Polarization	8	(1)
4 Cosmological parameters	9	(2)
5 Cosmological constraints	11	(6)
6 Open problems	17	(3)
Acknowledgments	20	(1)
References	21	(4)
The Gravitational Lensing Effect in Cosmology	25	(10)
Genevieve Soucail
1 Basics of gravitational lensing	25	(2)
2 Strong lensing in clusters of galaxies	27	(3)
3 From weak lensing to masses	30	(2)
4 The cosmic shear or lensing by large scale structures	32	(1)
5 Conclusions	33	(1)
References	34	(1)
The PLANCK Mission	35	(10)
J.A. Tauber
1 Introduction	35	(1)
2 Payload	36	(1)
3 Programmatic aspects	36	(2)
4 Scientific performance	38	(2)
5 Mission profile	40	(2)
6 Operations and data processing	42	(1)
Acknowledgments	42	(1)
References	43	(2)
Surveys of Extragalactic Sources with PLANCK	45	(10)
G. De Zotti, C. Burigana, M. Negrello, S. Tinti, R. Ricci, L. Silva, J. González-Nuevo and L. Toffolatti
1 Introduction	46	(1)
2 Power spectra of foreground emissions	47	(1)
3 30 GHz counts	48	(3)
4 350 GHz counts	51	(2)
5 Conclusions	53	(1)
Acknowledgments	53	(1)
References	53	(2)
New Physics in Clusters of Galaxies	55	(16)
M. Douspis
1 Introduction	55	(1)
2 The concordance model	56	(4)
3 Dark matter	60	(1)
4 The amplitude of fluctuations	61	(6)
5 Summary	67	(1)
Acknowledgments	68	(1)
References	68	(3)
Emission Line Galaxies in Clusters	71	(16)
Bianca M. Poggianti
1 Introduction	71	(1)
2 High redshift	72	(4)
3 Physical processes	76	(1)
4 Low redshift	77	(3)
5 Trends with galaxy mass and downsizing effect	80	(1)
6 Conclusions and speculations	80	(3)
Acknowledgments	83	(1)
References	84	(3)
Active Galactic Nuclei and Surveys: the View from the New X-ray Observatories	87	(12)
X. Barcons
1 Introduction	87	(2)
2 The inner disk: Fe line diagnostics	89	(3)
3 The circumnuclear environment	92	(1)
4 Challenges to the unified AGN model	93	(1)
5 X-ray surveys, obscured accretion and the X-ray background	94	(2)
6 Outlook	96	(1)
Acknowledgments	96	(1)
References	97	(2)
Star-Forming Complexes in Galaxies	99	(12)
Bruce G. Elmegreen
1 Introduction to star complexes	99	(2)
2 Formation of star complexes	101	(2)
3 Characteristic size versus scale-free?	103	(1)
4 Theory of the star formation rate	104	(4)
5 Conclusions	108	(1)
Acknowledgments	109	(1)
References	109	(2)
Star Formation and Infrared Emission in Galaxies	111	(10)
Nikolaos D. Kylafis and Angelos Misiriotis
1 Introduction	111	(1)
2 Model for late-type spiral galaxies	112	(3)
3 Correlation between star formation and infrared emission	115	(2)
4 Other star formation diagnostics	117	(1)
5 Instead of a summary	118	(1)
References	119	(2)
Evolution of the Milky Way Disk	121	(10)
B. Nordström and J. Andersen
1 Introduction	121	(1)
2 Stellar sample and observational data	122	(2)
3 Derived astrophysical parameters	124	(2)
4 The key diagnostic relations	126	(2)
5 Discussion	128	(1)
6 Summary	129	(1)
Acknowledgments	129	(1)
References	130	(1)
Massive Stars in the Galactic Center	131	(14)
F. Najarro
1 Introduction	131	(2)
2 Improved observations and models	133	(2)
3 The quintuplet cluster	135	(3)
4 The arches cluster	138	(5)
Acknowledgments	143	(1)
References	143	(2)
The Mass Spectrum of X-Ray Binaries	145	(10)
Jorge Casares
1 Introduction	145	(1)
2 Establishing black holes	146	(5)
3 Mass determination in persistent LMXBs	151	(2)
4 Conclusions	153	(1)
Acknowledgments	153	(1)
References	154	(1)
Massive Stars in Starbursts	155	(10)
Alan Pedlar
1 Introduction	155	(1)
2 Estimating starformation rates in messier 82	156	(1)
3 Indicators of massive stars	156	(4)
4 The age of the supernova remnants in M82	160	(3)
5 Summary	163	(1)
Acknowledgments	163	(1)
References	164	(1)
The Hot Content of Planetary Nebulae	165	(10)
Martin A. Guerrero, You-Hua Chu and Robert A. Gruendl
1 Sources of X-ray emission from planetary nebulae	165	(2)
2 X-Ray observations of PNe	167	(5)
3 The conduction layers in PNe	172	(1)
4 Summary	172	(2)
References	174	(1)
The Hidden Life of Massive Stars	175	(12)
A. Lenorzer, A. Bik, M.R. Mokiem, A. de Koter, L. Raper and L.B.EM. Waters
1 Introduction	176	(1)
2 Search for young massive stars	176	(1)
3 Stellar parameters from near-infrared spectra	177	(3)
4 Geometry of the circumstellar material	180	(2)
5 Case study: NGC2024/IRS2	182	(2)
References	184	(3)
What can we learn about the Sun from observations in the near ultraviolet?	187	(10)
Achim Gandorfer
1 Introduction: magnetometry of the solar photosphere	187	(2)
2 Scattering polarization and the hanle effect in the near UV	189	(6)
3 Solar magnetometry at high spatial resolution: The role 193 of SUNRISE
4 Summary	195	(1)
References	195	(2)
Our Magnetic Sun	197	(14)
E.R. Priest
1 Introduction	197	(2)
2 Overall structure of the Sun	199	(2)
3 The corona	201	(1)
4 MHD and reconnection	202	(2)
5 The solar and heliospheric observatory (SOHO)	204	(4)
6 Conclusions	208	(1)
Acknowledgments	209	(1)
References	209	(2)
Moist Convective Storms in the Atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn	211	(10)
Ricardo Hueso and Agustin Sánchez-Lavega
1 Introduction	211	(2)
2 Observations of convective storms in jupiter and saturn	213	(1)
3 Modelling moist convective storms	214	(2)
4 Storm locations and wind relation	216	(3)
5 Conclusions	219	(1)
Acknowledgments	219	(1)
References	219	(2)
Exploring the Solar System beyond Neptune	221	(14)
Jose L. Ortiz and Pablo Santos-Sanz
1 Introduction	221	(2)
2 Current knowledge	223	(9)
References	232	(3)
Planet Detection with Large Telescopes and Interferometry	235	(18)
Andreas Quirrenbach
1 Introduction and general goals	235	(1)
2 Coronography with large telescopes	236	(3)
3 Extrasolar planets with the VLTI	239	(5)
4 The space interferometry mission	244	(1)
5 Darwin and the terrestrial planet finder	245	(4)
6 Conclusions	249	(1)
References	249	(4)
AVO First Science	253	(8)
Mark G. Allen, Paolo Padovani, Piero Rosati and Nicholas A. Walton
1 Introduction	253	(1)
2 Astrophysical virtual observatory	254	(1)
3 Finding type 2 AGN in the goods fields	255	(4)
4 Next AVO science developments	259	(1)
5 Summary	259	(1)
References	260	(1)
Euro50: A European 50 M Adaptive Optics Extremely Large Telescope	261	(34)
Arne Ardeberg and Torben Andersen
1 Introduction	261	(1)
2 From a Swedish to a European project	262	(1)
3 A European ELT – Why?	263	(13)
4 A European ELT - How	276	(13)
References	289	(6)
Author Index	295