Mechanisms of Organ Dysfunction

by Evans, Timothy W.; Fink, Mitchell P., M.D.; Vincent, J. L.

• ISBN13: 9783540426929
• ISBN10: 3540426922
• Edition: Reprint
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-03-01
• Publisher: Springer Nature

Summary

The pathophysiology of sepsis can be regarded as a series of steps, beginning with the invasion of normally sterile tissue by microbes and the elaboration of various pro-inflammatory mediators. The final common pathway is often the development of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Whereas a great deal has been learned during the past quarter century about the inflammatory processes associated with sepsis (and other related conditions, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury), our understanding is far less developed with respect to the pathophysiological events that lead to organ dysfunction under these conditions. Nevertheless, efforts by both clinical and laboratory scientists are leading to new knowledge in this area. The chapters in this volume provide a state-of-the-art overview of many aspects of the pathophysiology of organ dysfunction in critical illness.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors	p. IX
Abbreviations	p. XV
Mitochondrial Biology
Cellular Responses to Hypoxia: Role of Oxidant Signal Transduction	p. 3
The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: A 'Pore' Way to Die	p. 17
Cytopathic Hypoxia in Circulatory Shock: The Role of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Synthetase Activation	p. 40
Derangements in Cellular Oxygen Metabolism	p. 52
Pharmacologic and Metabolic Mitochondrial Rescue	p. 69
Leukocytes and Cell Signaling Mechanisms in Inflammation
Role of Leukocytes in Sepsis and Lung Injury	p. 95
Dysregulated Neutrophil Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Organ Injury in Critical Illness	p. 110
Does Apoptosis Play a Role in the Development of Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction?	p. 124
The Intracellular Signaling Pathways of Inflammatory Stress	p. 137
Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines: Double-Edged Swords in the Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infection	p. 146
Organ-Organ Interactions in Multiple Organ Failure	p. 159
Microcirculatory Dysfunction
Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Abnormal Tissue Perfusion	p. 175
The Microcirculation in Sepsis	p. 191
Lung and Kidney
Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction	p. 205
Pulmonary Epithelial Injury: Clinical and Experimental Evidence for a Major Role in Acute Lung Injury and Multiple Organ Dysfunction	p. 222
Ischemia-Induced Derangements in the Actin Cytoskeleton: Mechanisms and Functional Significance	p. 227
Multiple Organ Failure and the Kidney	p. 239
Apoptosis in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury	p. 253
Gastrointestinal Tract
Local Muscularis Inflammatory Mechanisms of Ileus	p. 267
Mechanisms Responsible for Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Critical Illness	p. 282
Liver Dysfunction: Nitric Oxide, Carbon Monoxide, and Reactive Oxygen Species	p. 301
Brain Injury
Polyamine Oxidase and 3-Aminopropanal in the Pathogenesis of Cerebral Ischemia	p. 315
Key Mechanisms of Secondary Neuronal Damage After Brain Trauma	p. 327
Cerebral Ischemia: Pathophysiology and Neuroprotection	p. 339
Organ Dysfunction: Detection and Intervention
Redistribution of Microvascular Oxygen Pressures in the Pig Intestine in Hemodilution and Sepsis	p. 351
Influence of Mechanical Ventilation on Organ Dysfunction	p. 363
Coagulation Abnormalities in Critical Illness	p. 376
Multiple Organ Failure: Clinical Syndrome	p. 394
Subject Index	p. 405
Table of Contents provided by Rittenhouse. All Rights Reserved.