Basic Calculation and Administration Skills | p. 1 |
Review of Arithmetic for Medical Dosage Calculations | p. 2 |
Objectives | p. 2 |
Diagnostic Test of Arithmetic | p. 3 |
Changing Decimal Numbers and Whole Numbers to Fractions | p. 4 |
Changing Fractions to Decimal Numbers | p. 5 |
Rounding Decimal Numbers | p. 7 |
Multiplying and Dividing Decimal Numbers | p. 7 |
Multiplying and Dividing Fractions | p. 10 |
Complex Fractions | p. 12 |
Percentages | p. 13 |
Practice Sets | p. 14 |
Drug Administration | p. 17 |
Objectives | p. 17 |
Who Administers Drugs? | p. 18 |
The Drug Administration Process | p. 18 |
The Right Drug | p. 18 |
The Right Dose | p. 20 |
The Right Route | p. 20 |
The Right Time | p. 21 |
The Right Patient | p. 21 |
Drug Orders | p. 22 |
Drug Labels | p. 24 |
Drug Package Inserts | p. 28 |
Medication Administration Records | p. 34 |
Practice Sets | p. 39 |
Dimensional Analysis | p. 49 |
Objectives | p. 49 |
Getting Started | p. 50 |
Practice Sets | p. 55 |
Systems of Measurement for Dosage Calculations | p. 57 |
The Apothecary, Household, and Metric Systems | p. 59 |
Objectives | p. 59 |
The Apothecary System | p. 60 |
Liquid Volume in the Apothecary System | p. 60 |
Weight in the Apothecary System | p. 61 |
Roman Numerals | p. 61 |
The Household System | p. 62 |
Liquid Volume in the Household System | p. 62 |
Weight in the Household System | p. 63 |
The Metric System | p. 64 |
Liquid Volume in the Metric System | p. 64 |
Weight in the Metric System | p. 65 |
Practice Sets | p. 68 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 74 |
Converting from One System of Measurement to Another | p. 75 |
Objectives | p. 75 |
Equivalents of Common Units of Measurement | p. 76 |
Metric-to-Apothecary Conversions | p. 78 |
Apothecary-to-Metric Conversions | p. 81 |
Household-to-Apothecary or Household-to-Metric Conversions | p. 83 |
Practice Sets | p. 86 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 94 |
Common Medication Preparations | p. 97 |
Calculating Oral Medication Doses | p. 99 |
Objectives | p. 99 |
One-Step Conversions | p. 100 |
Dosage by Body Weight | p. 104 |
Calculating Dosage by Body Surface Area | p. 105 |
Nomogram | p. 106 |
Multistep Conversions | p. 110 |
Practice Reading Labels | p. 116 |
Case Study 6.1 | p. 133 |
Practice Sets | p. 136 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 141 |
Syringes | p. 143 |
Objectives | p. 143 |
Common Types of Syringes | p. 144 |
Other Types of Syringes | p. 148 |
Case Study 7.1 | p. 153 |
Practice Sets | p. 157 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 166 |
Preparation of Solutions | p. 169 |
Objectives | p. 169 |
Strength of Solutions | p. 170 |
Pure Drugs in Liquid Form | p. 170 |
Pure Drugs in Dry Form | p. 171 |
Preparing Solutions from Pure Drugs | p. 172 |
Diluting Stock Solutions | p. 175 |
Case Study 8.1 | p. 178 |
Practice Sets | p. 180 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 187 |
Parenteral Medications | p. 189 |
Objectives | p. 189 |
Parenteral Medications Supplied as Liquids | p. 190 |
Heparin | p. 196 |
Parenteral Medications Supplied in Powdered Form | p. 198 |
Case Study 9.1 | p. 201 |
Practice Sets | p. 203 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 210 |
Specialized Medication Preparations | p. 213 |
Calculating Flow Rates for Enteral Solutions and Intravenous Infusions | p. 215 |
Objectives | p. 215 |
Introduction to Intravenous and Enteral Solutions | p. 216 |
Enteral Solutions | p. 216 |
Intravenous Fluids | p. 216 |
Intravenous Solutions | p. 217 |
Equipment for IV Infusions | p. 220 |
Calculating the Flow Rate of Infusions | p. 224 |
Calculating the Flow Rate of Enteral Solutions | p. 229 |
Case Study 10.1 | p. 230 |
Practice Sets | p. 232 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 236 |
Calculating Flow Rates for Intravenous Medications and Duration of Flow | p. 239 |
Objectives | p. 239 |
Intravenous Piggyback Infusions | p. 240 |
Intravenous Piggyback Medications | p. 241 |
Calculating Flow Rates Based on Body Weight | p. 246 |
Calculating Flow Rates Based on Body Surface Area | p. 247 |
Calculating the Duration of Flow for IV and Enteral Solutions | p. 248 |
Case Study 11.1 | p. 252 |
Practice Sets | p. 253 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 262 |
Calculating Pediatric Dosages | p. 263 |
Objectives | p. 263 |
Calculating Drug Dosages by Body Weight | p. 264 |
Calculating Drug Dosages by Body Surface Area | p. 270 |
BSA Pediatric Nomogram | p. 271 |
Pediatric Intravenous Dosages | p. 274 |
Case Study 12.1 | p. 275 |
Practice Sets | p. 277 |
Cumulative Review Exercises | p. 284 |
Comprehensive Self-Tests | p. 287 |
Appendices | p. 317 |
Answers Section | p. 318 |
Common Abbreviations on Medication Orders | p. 365 |
Units of Measurement in Metric, Household, and Apothecary Systems | p. 367 |
Dosage Preparation Forms and Packaging | p. 368 |
Celsius and Fahrenheit Temperature Conversions | p. 369 |
Tables of Weight Conversions | p. 371 |
Nomograms | p. 373 |
Ratio and Proportion Method for Dosage Calculation | p. 375 |
Index | p. 379 |
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