Medical Law, Ethics, & Bioethics for the Health Professions

by Lewis, Marcia (Marti) A.; Tamparo, Carol D.; Tatro, Brenda M

• ISBN13: 9780803627062
• ISBN10: 0803627068
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2012-02-07
• Publisher: F.A. Davis Company

Summary

Rev. ed. of: Medical law, ethics, and bioethics for the health professions. 6th ed. c2002.

Table of Contents

Understanding the Basics	p. 1
Medical Law, Ethics, and Bioethics	p. 2
Law	p. 3
Ethics	p. 3
Bioethics	p. 4
Comparing Medical Law, Ethics, and Bioethics	p. 4
The Importance of Medical Law, Ethics, and Bioethics	p. 5
Today's Health-Care Climate	p. 6
Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine	p. 7
Codes of Ethics	p. 7
Applying Medical Law, Ethics, and Bioethics as a Professional Health-Care Employee	p. 10
You Must Decide	p. 11
Summary	p. 11
Medical Practice Management	p. 14
Sole Proprietors	p. 16
Advantages of Sole Proprietorships	p. 17
Disadvantages of Sole Proprietorships	p. 17
Considerations for the Health-Care Employee	p. 17
Partnerships	p. 18
Advantages of Partnerships	p. 18
Disadvantages of Partnerships	p. 19
Considerations for the Health-Care Employee	p. 19
Professional Service Corporations	p. 19
Advantages of Professional Service Corporations	p. 19
Disadvantages of Professional Service Corporations	p. 20
Considerations for the Health-Care Employee	p. 20
Group Practices	p. 21
Advantages of Group Practice	p. 21
Disadvantages of Group Practice	p. 22
Considerations for the Health-Care Employee	p. 22
Health Maintenance Organizations	p. 22
Managed Care	p. 22
Other Business Arrangements	p. 25
Joint Ventures	p. 25
Preferred Provider Organizations	p. 26
General Liability	p. 27
Business License	p. 27
Building	p. 27
Automobile	p. 27
Fire, Theft, and Burglary	p. 27
Employee Safety	p. 28
Bonding	p. 28
Responsibilities to Employees	p. 28
Summary	p. 28
The Health-Care Team in the Ambulatory Setting	p. 31
The Health-Care Team	p. 33
Administrative Team Members	p. 34
Accreditation of Medical Assistant Programs	p. 36
Clinical Support Team Members	p. 37
Health-Care Providers	p. 38
Considerations for Ambulatory Care Employees	p. 39
Scope of Practice	p. 40
Summary	p. 41
Law, Liability, and Duties	p. 45
State and Federal Regulations	p. 46
Licensure (MDs and DOs)	p. 48
License Renewal	p. 48
License Revocation and Suspension	p. 48
Prescriptions	p. 49
Transmission of Prescriptions	p. 49
Understanding Narcotic and Non-Narcotic Prescriptions	p. 50
Non-Narcotic Prescriptions	p. 50
Narcotics	p. 51
Controlled Substances Act	p. 51
Drug Schedules	p. 51
Substance Abuse	p. 53
Drug Abuse	p. 53
Alcohol Abuse	p. 54
Prevention of Substance Abuse	p. 54
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act	p. 55
Confidentiality	p. 56
Healthcare Reform Act of 2010	p. 57
Summary	p. 58
Professional Liability	p. 61
Professional Liability	p. 62
Contracts	p. 63
Breach of Contract	p. 64
Abandonment	p. 64
Standard of Care	p. 66
Professional Negligence or Malpractice	p. 66
The Four Ds of Medical Negligence	p. 67
Torts	p. 67
Intentional Torts	p. 68
Unintentional Torts or Malpractice	p. 68
Doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur	p. 68
Doctrine of Respondeat Superior	p. 69
Professional Liability/Malpractice Insurance	p. 70
Cost of Professional Liability Insurance	p. 70
Alternatives to Litigation	p. 71
Risk Management and Compliance Plans	p. 71
Risk Management Within the Ambulatory Health-Care Setting	p. 72
Summary	p. 73
Law for Health Professionals	p. 76
Sources of Law	p. 78
Types of Law	p. 78
Civil and Criminal Law	p. 79
Civil Law	p. 79
Criminal Law	p. 80
Types of Court	p. 84
Federal Court	p. 84
State Court	p. 85
Probate Court	p. 85
Small Claims Court	p. 87
Subpoenas	p. 87
The Trial Process	p. 88
Expert Witness	p. 88
Statute of Limitations	p. 89
Summary	p. 90
Public Duties	p. 92
Reporting Requirements	p. 93
Births and Deaths	p. 94
Birth Certificates	p. 94
Death Certificates	p. 94
Notifiable Diseases	p. 95
Childhood and Adolescent Vaccinations	p. 96
Notifiable or Reportable Injury	p. 98
Abuse	p. 98
Child Abuse	p. 99
Intimate Partner Violence	p. 100
Rape	p. 100
Elder Abuse	p. 101
Evidence	p. 102
Summary	p. 104
Consent	p. 108
Implied and Expressed Consent	p. 109
Informed and Uninformed Consent	p. 110
The Doctrine of Informed Consent	p. 111
Problems in Consent	p. 112
Implementing Consent	p. 114
Inadequacy of Conventional Consent Forms	p. 114
Improving the Consent Process	p. 114
Summary	p. 118
Workplace Issues	p. 121
Medical Records	p. 122
Purpose	p. 123
Medical Record Creation and Content	p. 124
Documentation	p. 124
Problem-Oriented Medical Records	p. 125
SOAP/SOAPER	p. 125
Electronic Medical Records	p. 126
Legal Aspects of the Medical Record	p. 129
Confidentiality	p. 129
Release of Information	p. 130
Errors in Medical Records	p. 130
Subpoenas	p. 132
Telecommunications	p. 132
Electronic Mail	p. 132
Fax Machines	p. 133
Ownership of Medical Records	p. 134
Storage of Medical Records	p. 134
Retention of Medical Records	p. 135
Destruction of Medical Records	p. 135
Summary	p. 135
Reimbursement and Collection Practices	p. 138
Compliance Plan	p. 140
How Providers Are Paid	p. 140
Private Pay	p. 140
Third Party Payers	p. 140
Other Payers	p. 142
Clients' Responsibility for Reimbursement	p. 142
Laws for Reimbursement and Collections	p. 143
Truth in Lending Act	p. 143
Equal Credit Opportunity Act	p. 143
Fair Credit Billing Act	p. 143
Fair Debt Collections Practices Act	p. 143
Federal Wage Garnishing Law	p. 143
Tax Equity Fiscal Responsibility Act	p. 144
Stark I, II, and III Regulations	p. 144
Deficit Reduction Act	p. 144
Civil Monetary Penalties Act	p. 144
Enforcement of the Laws	p. 144
Collection Guidelines	p. 145
Collection Do's	p. 146
Collection Don'ts	p. 146
Collection Problems	p. 147
Collection Agencies	p. 147
Reimbursement Attitudes	p. 148
Ethical Implications	p. 148
Summary	p. 149
Employment Practices	p. 152
Hiring Employees	p. 153
Policy and Procedure Manual	p. 154
Personnel Policies	p. 154
Clinic Hours and Workweek Schedule	p. 154
Job Descriptions	p. 155
Benefits and Compensation	p. 155
The Employment Process	p. 156
Locating Employees	p. 156
Interviewing Candidates	p. 156
Selecting Employees	p. 157
Evaluating Employees	p. 158
Employee Dismissal	p. 159
When Employees Choose to Leave	p. 159
Retaining Employees	p. 159
Family and Medical Leave Act	p. 161
Sexual Harassment	p. 161
Occupational Safety and Health Act	p. 162
Americans With Disabilities Act	p. 163
Summary	p. 164
A Cultural Perspective for Health Professionals	p. 167
Understanding Cultural Diversity	p. 168
Components of Cultural Diversity	p. 170
Establishing a New Culture in Health Care	p. 173
Evaluating Self	p. 175
Cross-Cultural Communication	p. 175
Summary	p. 175
Bioethical Issues	p. 179
Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources	p. 180
Allocation and Access in Today's Health-Care Environment	p. 181
Influence of Politics, Economics, and Ethics on Health Care	p. 182
Health-Care Legislation	p. 183
Macroallocation and Microallocation	p. 183
Systems for Decision Making	p. 185
System I	p. 185
System II	p. 185
How Would You Decide?	p. 186
Allocation of Resources	p. 186
Summary	p. 187
Genetic Engineering	p. 190
Genetic Advances	p. 192
Genetically Informed Medicine	p. 193
Genetic Screening and Testing	p. 193
Carrier Screening	p. 194
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis	p. 194
Prenatal Diagnostic Testing	p. 194
Newborn Genetic Screening	p. 194
Presymptom Genetic Testing	p. 195
Forensic Identity Genetic Testing	p. 195
Genetic Counseling	p. 195
Genetic Discrimination	p. 196
Gene Therapy	p. 196
Stem Cell Research	p. 197
Types of Cell Tissues	p. 197
Fetal Tissue Research	p. 199
Tissue and Organ Engineering	p. 200
Reproductive Cloning	p. 200
Legal and Ethical Implications of Tissue Cell Research	p. 200
Considerations for Health Professionals	p. 201
Summary	p. 201
Reproductive Issues	p. 204
Reproductive Issues and Rights of Women	p. 205
Female Genital Mutilation	p. 205
Contraception	p. 206
Emergency Contraception	p. 207
Sterilization	p. 207
Abortion	p. 208
Fetal Development	p. 209
When Does Life Begin?	p. 210
Methods of Abortion	p. 210
Antiabortion Terrorism	p. 211
Global Gag Rule	p. 212
Assisted Reproduction	p. 212
Artificial Insemination	p. 212
In Vitro Fertilization	p. 213
Surrogacy	p. 213
Access to Reproductive Health Services	p. 214
Legal and Ethical Implications of Reproductive Issues	p. 215
Female Genital Mutilation	p. 215
Contraception	p. 215
Abortion	p. 215
Antiabortion Terrorism	p. 218
Assisted Reproduction	p. 218
Artificial Insemination by Husband and Articial Insemination by Donor	p. 219
In Vitro Fertilization	p. 219
Surrogacy	p. 220
Protocol for Health Professionals	p. 221
Summary	p. 221
End of Life Issues	p. 225
Choices in Life	p. 228
Living Wills, Advance Directives, and the Patient Self-Determination Act	p. 228
Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care	p. 229
National Registry	p. 231
Choices in Dying	p. 231
Suffering in Dying	p. 232
Use of Medications	p. 233
Psychological Aspects of Dying	p. 233
Physiological Aspects of Dying	p. 234
Hospice	p. 235
Stages of Grief	p. 235
Denial	p. 235
Anger	p. 235
Bargaining	p. 236
Depression	p. 236
Acceptance	p. 236
Legal Definitions of Death	p. 236
Legal Implications	p. 237
Ethical Considerations	p. 238
Cultural Views	p. 239
Assisted Death	p. 239
Uniform Anatomical Gift Act	p. 241
Autopsy	p. 242
Priority Authorization for Autopsy	p. 242
Role of Health Professionals	p. 242
Summary	p. 243
Special Section	p. 246
Have A Care!	p. 246
Appendix	p. 250
Appendix I	p. 250
Codes of Ethics	p. 250
The Hippocratic Oath	p. 250
American Association of Medical Assistants	p. 251
Principles of Medical Ethics	p. 252
Appendix II	p. 253
Sample Documents for Choices About Health Care, Life, and Death	p. 253
Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care and Health Care Directive	p. 253
Organ Donation Form	p. 258
Organ Donation Card	p. 259
Index of Resources	p. 260
Index	p. 263
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