Membranes for Life Sciences

by Peinemann, Klaus-Viktor; Nunes, Suzana Pereira

• ISBN13: 9783527314805
• ISBN10: 3527314806
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-11-28
• Publisher: Wiley-VCH

Summary

Examining artificial membranes in terms of biocompatibility, drug delivery and controlled release, this book illustrates how existing membrane technologies are being exploited and advanced in emerging medical applications. This work, edited by internationally recognized experts, has author contributions from prominent members of this field who discuss details of all aspects of this technology. This volume provides broad, yet detailed information on synthetic membranes and their applications, including dialysis and artificial kidneys, gas exchange, artificial lungs, devices to assist liver function, and membrane affinity chromatography.

Author Biography

S. P. Nunes is currently head of Polymer Technology at GKSS Research Center Geesthacht in Germany. She has been working on the development of polymeric materials and membranes for different applications for over 20 years, with over 65 papers in international journals and 100 contributions to congresses. In the last four years she has dedicated her time to the membrane development for fuel cells, coordinating German and European projects in the field. Prior to this, she was Associate Professor at the University of Campinas, Brazil, a researcher at Pirelli, and Humboldt fellow at the University of Mainz, Germany.

K.-V. Peinemann is currently Senior Scientist at GKSS Research Center Geesthacht in Germany and has worked in the field of membrane science and technology for 25 years. He has organized numerous international workshops on membrane formation and has been lecturing since 1995 at the University of Hanover. From 2002 to 2004, Professor Peinemann served as President of the European Membrane Society and is co-founder of the membrane company GMT Membrantechnik in Rheinfelden, Germany. He has published some 80 papers in international journals and holds 15 membrane-related patents.

Table of Contents

Preface

Contributors

Introduction

Historical Achievements

Membranes for Hemodialysis: Polymers and Nomenclature

Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose

Synthetic Membranes

Dialyzer Constructions

Hollow Fiber Dialyzers

Housing

Potting Material

Fiber Bundle

Dialysis Membranes and Performance: Principles of Membrane Transport

Dialysis Membranes and Biocompatibility

Some Basic Information on Membranes and Biocompatibility Parameters

Thrombogenicity of Different Types of Dialyzers and Filters

Complement Activation by Different Dialyzers and Filters

Cell Activation by Different Types of Dialyzers and Hemofilters

Oxygen Species Production - Induction of Oxidative Stress

Stimulation of Cytokine Generation by Different Types of Dialyzers and Hemofilters

The Impact of Large-Pore Dialysis Membranes on the Inflammatory Response in HD Patients by Cytokine Elimination

The Effect of Different Dialyzers on the Acute Phase Reaction

Activation of the Kinin System by Different Types of Dialyzersand Hemofilters

Conclusion

Membranes for Artificial Lungs

Introduction.2.2 History of Blood Oxygenation

Membrane Oxygenators

Principle of Gas Transfer

Membranes and Membrane Properties

Microporous Membranes

Dense Membranes/''Diffusion Membranes''

Membrane Production

Operational Modes and Membrane Makeup in Oxygenators

Microporous Capillary Membranes, Blood Inside

Microporous Capillary Membranes, Blood Outside

Extracorporeal Circulation

Cardiodiapulmonary Bypass (CPB)

Lung Support Systems

Membranes for Blood Fractionation/Apheresis

Introduction

History of Plasmapheresis

Principles of Plasmapheresis

Membranes and Membrane Properties

Plasma Separation Membranes

Plasma Fractionation Membranes

Membrane Production

Operational Modes in Plasmapheresis Procedures

Medical Indications for Blood Plasma Treatment

Membranes in the Biopharmaceutical Industry

Introduction

Microfiltration Membranes Used in the Biotech Industry

Introduction

Microfiltration Membranes: Development of IndustrialMembranes

Effect of Membrane Structure on Properties

Aspects of Cartridge Design

Membrane Surface Modification

Sterilizing Filters

Practical Membrane Considerations for Sterile Filtration by Microporous Membranes

Sterile Filtration Process Considerations

Ultrafiltration and Virus Filtration Membranes forBiopharmaceutical Applications

Ultrafiltration Membranes

Virus Filtration Membranes

Applications of Ultrafiltration Membranes in Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing

Ultrafiltration Theory

Typical Ultrafiltration Process

Processing Plan Optimization

System Considerations

Practical Aspects of Virus Filtration Process Design and Implementation

Membrane Selection

Process Development and Optimization

Capacity

Small-Scale Simulation

Pilot-Scale Studies

Virus Validation Studies

Implementation

Membrane Ad

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