Metal Ions in Biological Systems: Volume 41: Metal Ions and Their Complexes in Medication

by Sigel; Astrid

• ISBN13: 9780824753511
• ISBN10: 0824753518
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-03-26
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

Metal ions are currently used for such applications as diabetes, anti-inflammatory, rheumatoid arthritis, psychiatric, and anti-ulcer medications, using compounds of vanadium, copper and zinc, gold, lithium, and bismuth, respectively. This text explores these applications in addition to an assessment of chelation therapy, uses in environmental sciences, and the human health effects of metal ion deficiency for several elements-magnesium, calcium, zinc, and iron. Featuring contributions from 29 internationally recognized experts, this book offers a timely, authoritative look at ionic complexes in medicine.

Table of Contents

Preface to the Series	iii
Preface to Volume 41	v
Contributors	xv
Contents of Previous Volumes	xix
Handbook on Toxicity of Inorganic Compounds	liii
Handbook on Metals in Clinical and Analytical Chemistry	liii
Handbook on Metalloproteins	liii
Speciation Dependent Intake and Uptake of Essential Elements	1	(40)
Janette Davidge
David R. Williams
Introduction	2	(3)
Elements in Humans	5	(8)
Speciation	13	(8)
Optimizing Intakes and Uptakes	21	(3)
Commercial Element Supplementation	24	(8)
Conclusions	32	(9)
Acknowledgments	34	(1)
Abbreviations and Definitions	34	(1)
References	35	(6)
Magnesium In Human Therapy	41	(30)
Hans-Georg Classen
Heimo Franz Schimatschek
Konrad Wink
Early Roots	42	(1)
Magnesium Therapy	43	(2)
Magnesium in Obstetrics and Gynecology	45	(5)
Magnesium in Pediatrics	50	(1)
Magnesium in Neurology and Psychiatry	51	(3)
Magnesium in Cardiovascular Disorders and Hypertension	54	(4)
Renal Magnesium Wasting	58	(1)
Magnesium and Allergic Reactions, Acute Asthma	59	(1)
Safety Aspects	60	(11)
Abbreviations	61	(1)
References	61	(10)
Calcium Status and Supplementation	71	(32)
Lasse Larsson
Per Magnusson
Introduction: General Importance of Calcium	72	(1)
Calcium Homeostasis	73	(7)
Disturbances in Calcium Absorption	80	(4)
Renal Regulation of Calcium	84	(3)
Bone and Mineral Metabolism	87	(7)
Genetics in Calcium Homeostasis	94	(2)
Calcium Intake and Supplementation	96	(2)
General Conclusions	98	(5)
Abbreviations	100	(1)
References	100	(3)
Zinc Deficiency: Its Characterization and Treatment	103	(36)
Ananda S. Prasad
Brief History of the Discovery of Zinc as an Essential Element for Human Health	104	(5)
Clinical Effects of Zinc Deficiency	109	(6)
Major Effects of Zinc Deficiency in Humans	115	(8)
Diagnostic Criteria for Zinc Deficiency	123	(3)
Therapeutic Uses of Zinc	126	(6)
Toxicity of Zinc	132	(1)
Conclusion	133	(6)
Abbreviations	133	(1)
References	134	(5)
The Use and Role of Zinc and Its Compounds in Wound Healing	139	(46)
Paul W. Jones
David R. Williams
Introduction	140	(3)
The Anatomy and Functions of the Skin	143	(2)
The Physiology of Wound Healing	145	(2)
Zinc and Wound Healing	147	(7)
Wound Management Products and Treatments Containing Zinc	154	(5)
Innovations in Trace Element Based Wound Management	159	(15)
Conclusions	174	(11)
Abbreviations	178	(1)
References	178	(7)
Iron Chelators and Their Therapeutic Potential	185	(36)
Robert R. Crichton
Roberta J. Ward
Introduction: The Importance of Iron in Biology and Medicine	186	(2)
Iron Metabolism and Its Disorders	188	(11)
Classes of Molecules with Potential for Iron Chelation Therapy	199	(9)
Potential Chelation Sites	208	(1)
Potential Applications of Chelation Therapy	209	(12)
Acknowledgment	212	(1)
Abbreviations	212	(1)
References	213	(8)
Vanadium Compounds in the Treatment of Diabetes	221	(32)
Katherine H. Thompson
Chris Orvig
Introduction	222	(1)
Insulin Resistance	223	(3)
Vanadium Compounds as Insulin Mimetic Agents	226	(12)
Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Vanadium-Containing Compounds	238	(4)
Conclusions	242	(11)
Acknowledgments	242	(1)
Abbreviations and Definitions	243	(2)
References	245	(8)
Copper and Zinc Complexes as Antiinflammatory Drugs	253	(26)
Carolyn T. Dillon
Trevor W. Hambley
Brendan J. Kennedy
Peter A. Lay
Jane E. Weder
Qingdi Zhou
Introduction	254	(1)
Definition of Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs	254	(2)
Structures of Copper and Zinc Antiinflammatory Carboxylato Complexes	256	(6)
Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of Cu(II)-NSAIDs and Zn(II)-NSAIDs	262	(3)
Chemical Stabilities and Formation Constants of Cu(II)- and Zn(II)-NSAIDs	265	(2)
The Influence of Stability and Structure of Cu(II)- and Zn(II)-NSAIDs on Their Biological Activities	267	(3)
Conclusions	270	(9)
Acknowledgments	271	(1)
Abbreviations and Definitions	271	(2)
References	273	(6)
Gold Complexes in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis	279	(26)
Luigi Messori
Giordana Marcon
Introduction	280	(2)
Main Structural Features of Antiarthritic Gold(I) Complexes	282	(3)
Solution Chemistry of Antiarthritic Gold(I) Complexes: Reactions with Low Molecular Weight Biomolecules	285	(2)
Reactions of Antiarthritic Gold(I) Complexes with Proteins	287	(9)
Metabolism, Biodistribution, and Pharmacokinetics	296	(2)
Hypotheses for the Mechanism of Action: Gold(I) Compounds Primarily Depress the Immune Response	298	(2)
Conclusions and Perspectives	300	(5)
Abbreviations	300	(1)
References	301	(4)
The Medical Use of Lithium	305	(28)
Nicholas J. Birch
Introduction	307	(1)
Methods for the Determination of Lithium and Its Isotopes	308	(1)
Distribution of Lithium	309	(1)
Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Lithium	310	(4)
Use of Lithium in Medicine	314	(2)
Therapeutic Uses of Lithium	316	(6)
Conclusions	322	(11)
Abbreviations	323	(1)
References	324	(9)
Bismuth in Medicine	333	(46)
Hongzhe Sun
Li Zhang
Ka-Yee Szeto
Introduction	334	(1)
The Chemistry of Bismuth	335	(2)
Bismuth in Medicine and Biological Relevance	337	(7)
Bismuth Salicylate and Citrate Complexes	344	(5)
Interactions of Bismuth Compounds with Biomolecules	349	(12)
Pharmacology of Bismuth Compounds	361	(4)
Conclusions	365	(14)
Acknowledgments	366	(1)
Abbreviations	366	(2)
References	368	(11)
Metal Complexes as Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Tropical Diseases: Malaria, Trypanosomiasis, and Leishmaniasis	379	(42)
Roberto A. Sanchez-Delgado
Atilio Anzellotti
Liliana Suarez
Introduction	380	(2)
Metal Complexes as Possible Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Malaria	382	(13)
Metal Complexes as Possible Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Trypanosomiasis	395	(10)
Metal Complexes as Possible Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Leishmaniasis	405	(6)
Final Comment	411	(10)
Acknowledgments	412	(1)
Abbreviations	412	(1)
References	413	(8)
Metal Complexes as Therapeutic Agents in Nitrogen Monoxide Modulation	421	(60)
Simon P. Fricker
Introduction	422	(1)
Biology of Nitrogen Monoxide	423	(11)
Metal Complexes as Nitrogen Monoxide Donors	434	(4)
Scavengers of Nitrogen Monoxide	438	(10)
Ruthenium Complexes as Nitrogen Monoxide Scavengers -- An Example of Inorganic Drug Design	448	(15)
Conclusion	463	(18)
Acknowledgments	464	(1)
Abbreviations	464	(3)
References	467	(14)
Subject Index	481