What is included with this book?
Foreword | p. XIII |
Preface | p. XV |
Acknowledgment | p. XVII |
Introduction to Pyrolants | p. 1 |
References | p. 3 |
History | p. 6 |
Organometallic Beginning | p. 6 |
Explosive & Obscurant Properties | p. 8 |
Rise of Fluorocarbons | p. 10 |
Rockets Fired Against Aircraft | p. 13 |
Metal/Fluorocarbon Pyrolants | p. 15 |
References | p. 17 |
Further Reading | p. 19 |
Properties of Fluorocarbons | p. 20 |
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) | p. 20 |
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) | p. 22 |
Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) | p. 24 |
Polycarbon Monofluoride (PMF) | p. 25 |
Vinylidene Fluoride-Hexafluoropropene Copolymer | p. 27 |
LFC-1 | p. 28 |
Vinylidene Fluoride-Chlorotrifluoroethylene Copolymer | p. 28 |
Copolymer of TFE and VDF | p. 30 |
Terpolymers of TFE, HFP and VDF | p. 31 |
Summary of chemical and physical properties of common fluoropolymers | p. 33 |
References | p. 33 |
Thermochemical and Physical Properties of Metals and their Fluorides | p. 36 |
References | p. 41 |
Reactivity and Thermochemistry of Selected Metal/Fluorocarbon Systems | p. 42 |
Lithium | p. 42 |
Magnesium | p. 45 |
Titanium | p. 47 |
Zirconium | p. 52 |
Hafnium | p. 53 |
Niob | p. 53 |
Tantalum | p. 54 |
Zinc | p. 55 |
Cadmium | p. 56 |
Boron | p. 57 |
Aluminium | p. 59 |
Silicon | p. 63 |
Calcium Silicide | p. 64 |
Tin | p. 65 |
References | p. 66 |
Ignition and Combustion Mechanism of MTV | p. 68 |
Ignition and Pre-Ignition of Metal/Fluorocarbon Pyrolants | p. 68 |
Magnesium-Grignard Hypothesis | p. 68 |
References | p. 77 |
Ignition of MTV | p. 80 |
References | p. 85 |
Combustion | p. 87 |
Magnesium/Teflon/Viton | p. 87 |
Pressure Effects on the Burn Rate | p. 87 |
Particle Size Distribution and Surface Area Effects on the Burn Rate | p. 88 |
Porosity | p. 95 |
Burn Rate Description | p. 96 |
Combustion of Metal-Fluorocarbon Pyrolants with Fuels Other than Magnesium | p. 97 |
Magnesium Hydride | p. 97 |
Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal | p. 98 |
Lithium | p. 98 |
Magnesium-Aluminium Alloy | p. 99 |
Titan | p. 99 |
Zirconium | p. 102 |
Zinc | p. 103 |
Boron | p. 104 |
Magnesium Boride, MgB2 | p. 105 |
Aluminium | p. 105 |
Silicon | p. 108 |
Silicides | p. 110 |
Dimagnesium Silicide, Mg2Si | p. 110 |
Calcium Disilicide | p. 111 |
Zirconium Disilicide | p. 113 |
Tungsten-Zirconium Alloy | p. 113 |
Underwater Combustion | p. 114 |
References | p. 115 |
Spectroscopy | p. 119 |
Introduction | p. 119 |
UV-VIS Spectra | p. 120 |
Polytetrafluoroethylene Combustion | p. 121 |
Magnesium/Fluorocarbon Pyrolants | p. 122 |
MgH2, MgB2, Mg3N2, Mg2Si/Mg3Al2/Fluorocarbon Based pyrolants | p. 128 |
Silicon/PTFE Based Pyrolants | p. 133 |
Boron/PTFE/Viton Based Pyrolants | p. 134 |
MWIR Spectra | p. 135 |
Polytetrafluoroethylene Combustion | p. 136 |
Magnesium/Fluorocarbon Combustion | p. 136 |
MgH2, MgB2, Mg3N2, Mg2Si/Fluorocarbon Based Pyrolants | p. 139 |
Si/Fluorocarbon Based Pyrolants | p. 140 |
Boron/PTFE/Viton Based Pyrolants | p. 141 |
Temperature Determination | p. 141 |
Condensed-Phase Temperature | p. 142 |
Gas-Phase Temperature | p. 144 |
References | p. 148 |
Infrared Emitters | p. 151 |
Decoy Flares | p. 151 |
Nonexpendable Flares | p. 153 |
Target Augmentation | p. 153 |
Missile Tracking Flares | p. 156 |
Metal-Fluorocarbon Flare Combustion Flames as Sources of Radiation | p. 158 |
Flame Structure and Morphology | p. 160 |
Radiation of MTV | p. 162 |
Infrared Compositions | p. 165 |
Inherent Effects | p. 166 |
Influence of Stoichiometry | p. 166 |
Spectral Flare Compositions | p. 180 |
Particle Size Issues | p. 181 |
Geometrical Aspects | p. 181 |
Operational Effects | p. 184 |
Altitude Effects | p. 184 |
Windspeed Effects | p. 186 |
Outlook | p. 191 |
References | p. 193 |
Obscurants | p. 197 |
Introduction | p. 197 |
Metal-Fluorocarbon Reactions in Aerosol Generation | p. 199 |
Metal-Fluorocarbon Reactions as an Exclusive Aerosol Source | p. 200 |
Metal-Fluorocarbon Reactions to Trigger Aerosol Release | p. 201 |
Metal-Fluorocarbon Reactions to Trigger Soot Formation | p. 201 |
Metal-Fluorocarbon Reactions to Trigger Phosphorus Vaporisation | p. 204 |
References | p. 208 |
Igniters | p. 210 |
References | p. 214 |
Incendiaries, Agent Defeat, Reactive Fragments and Detonation Phenomena | p. 216 |
Incendiaries | p. 216 |
Curable Fluorocarbon Resin-Based Compositions | p. 217 |
Document Destruction | p. 218 |
Agent Defeat | p. 221 |
Reactive Fragments | p. 223 |
Shockwave Loading of Metal-Fluorocarbons and Detonation-Like Phenomena | p. 229 |
References | p. 232 |
Further Reading | p. 234 |
Miscellaneous Applications | p. 235 |
Submerged Applications | p. 235 |
Underwater Explosives | p. 235 |
Underwater Flares | p. 235 |
Underwater Cutting Torch | p. 236 |
Mine-Disposal Torch | p. 238 |
Stored Chemical Energy | p. 240 |
Heating Device | p. 240 |
Stored Chemical Energy Propulsion | p. 240 |
Tracers | p. 240 |
Propellants | p. 241 |
References | p. 244 |
Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis | p. 247 |
Introduction | p. 247 |
Magnesium | p. 249 |
Silicon and Silicides | p. 252 |
References | p. 256 |
Vapour-Deposited Materials | p. 258 |
References | p. 262 |
Ageing | p. 264 |
References | p. 270 |
Manufacture | p. 271 |
Introduction | p. 271 |
Treatment of Metal Powder | p. 271 |
Mixing | p. 273 |
Shock Gel Process | p. 273 |
Procedure A | p. 273 |
Procedure B | p. 275 |
Conventional Mixing | p. 276 |
Experimental Super Shock Gel Process | p. 276 |
Experimental Dry Mixing Technique | p. 280 |
Experimental Cryo-N2 Process | p. 282 |
Extrusion | p. 282 |
Twin Screw Extrusion | p. 282 |
Pressing | p. 286 |
Cutting | p. 289 |
Priming | p. 289 |
Miscellaneous | p. 289 |
Accidents and Process Safety | p. 290 |
Mixing | p. 290 |
Pressing | p. 293 |
Process Analysis | p. 294 |
Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) | p. 294 |
References | p. 296 |
Sensitivity | p. 299 |
Introduction | p. 299 |
Impact Sensitivity | p. 300 |
MTV | p. 300 |
Titanium/PTFE/Viton and Zirconium/PTFE/Viton | p. 300 |
Metal-Fluorocarbon Solvents | p. 301 |
Viton as Binder in Mg/NaNO3 | p. 301 |
Friction and Shear Sensitivity | p. 301 |
Metal/Fluorocarbon | p. 303 |
Thermal Sensitivity | p. 304 |
MTV | p. 304 |
ESD Sensitivity | p. 305 |
Insensitive Munitions Testing | p. 310 |
Introduction | p. 310 |
Cookoff | p. 314 |
Bullet Impact | p. 316 |
Sympathetic Reaction | p. 319 |
IM Signature Summary | p. 320 |
Hazards Posed by Loose In-Process MTV Crumb and TNT Equivalent | p. 321 |
References | p. 323 |
Toxic Combustion Products | p. 326 |
MTV Flare Composition | p. 326 |
Obscurant Formulations | p. 330 |
Fluorine Compounds | p. 331 |
Hydrogen Fluoride | p. 331 |
Aluminium Fluoride | p. 331 |
Magnesium Fluoride | p. 332 |
References | p. 332 |
Outlook | p. 334 |
References | p. 335 |
Index | p. 337 |
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