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Alan E. Kazdin, PhD, ABPP, received his doctorate in clinical psychology from Northwestern University. He is the Sterling Professor of Psychology and Professor of Child Psychiatry at Yale University and director of the Yale Parenting Center, a service for children and families. Before coming to Yale, he was on the faculty of The Pennsylvania State University and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. At Yale, Dr. Kazdin has been chairman of the psychology department, director and chairman of the Yale Child Study Center at the School of Medicine, and director of Child Psychiatric Services at Yale–New Haven Hospital. Dr. Kazdin's research has focused primarily on the treatment of aggressive and antisocial behavior in children, and parent, child, and contextual influences that contribute to child dysfunction and processes and outcome of child therapy. His work has been supported by the National Institute of Mental Health, the William T. Grant Foundation, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Rivendell Foundation of America, the Humane Society of America, the Laura J. Niles Foundation, Leon Lowenstein Foundation, the Jack Parker Foundation, and Yale University. His work on parenting and childrearing has been featured on NPR, PBS, BBC, and CNN and he has appeared on the Today Show, Good Morning America, ABC News, 20/20, and Dr. Phil. Dr. Kazdin has been editor of six professional journals, including Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Psychological Assessment, Behavior Therapy, Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice Current Directions in Psychological Science, and Clinical Psychological Science. He has received a number of professional awards, including the Outstanding Research Contribution by an Individual Award and Lifetime Achievement Awards (Association of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies), Outstanding Lifetime Contributions to Psychology Award and Distinguished Scientific Award for the Applications of Psychology (APA), and the James McKeen Cattell Award (Association for Psychological Science). In 2008, he was president of APA. Dr. Kazdin's 700+ publications include 49 books that focus on methodology, interventions for children and adolescents, parenting and child rearing, cognitive–behavioral treatment, and interpersonal violence. Some of his recent books include Single-Case Research Designs: Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings (2nd ed.); Research Design in Clinical Psychology (5th ed.); The Kazdin Method for Parenting the Defiant Child: With No Pills, No Therapy, No Contest of Wills (with Carlo Rotella); Behavior Modification in Applied Settings (7th ed.); and Violence Against Women and Children: Volume I: Mapping the Terrain and Volume II: Navigating Solutions (with Jacqueline W. White and Mary P. Koss).
Contributors Preface
I. Introduction: Overview and Background Chapter 1. Methodology: What It Is and Why It Is So ImportantAlan E. Kazdin
II. Beginning the Research ProcessResearch Ideas Chapter 2. Beginning the Research Process: Key Concepts That Can Guide a StudyAlan E. Kazdin Chapter 3. Getting Out of Our Conceptual Ruts: Strategies for Expanding Conceptual FrameworksAllan W. Wicker Chapter 4. Translational ResearchMichael T. Bardo and Mary Ann Pentz
Foci of Research Chapter 5. In Defense of External InvalidityDouglas G. Mook Chapter 6. When Small Effects Are ImpressiveDeborah A. Prentice and Dale T. Miller
III. Sampling and Assigning Participants to ConditionsSamples and Selection of Participants Chapter 7. Most People Are Not WEIRDJoseph Henrich, Steven J. Heine, and Ara Norenzayan Chapter 8. The Neglected 95%: Why American Psychology Needs to Become Less AmericanJeffrey J. Arnett Chapter 9. Amazon's Mechanical Turk: A New Source of Inexpensive, Yet High-Quality, Data?Michael Buhrmester, Tracy Kwang, and Samuel D. Gosling
Randomization and Group Equivalence Chapter 10. Random Sampling, Randomization, and Equivalence of Contrasted Groups in Psychotherapy Outcome ResearchLouis M. Hsu
Research Design Options Chapter 11. Experimental and Observational Designs: An OverviewAlan E. Kazdin
IV. AssessmentMeasurement Development, Reliability, and Validity Chapter 12. Constructing Validity: Basic Issues in Objective Scale DevelopmentLee Anna Clark and David Watson Chapter 13. Selecting Measures for Research InvestigationsAlan E. Kazdin Chapter 14. Measurement and Assessment: An Editorial ViewCecil R. Reynolds
Measurement Among Diverse Samples
V. Data Analysis, Evaluation, and PresentationBackground and Underpinnings of Data Analyses Chapter 16. On the Origins of the .05 Level of Statistical SignificanceMichael Cowles and Caroline Davis Chapter 17. Things I Have Learned (So Far)Jacob Cohen
Null Hypotheses Testing, Meta-Analysis, and Bayesian Statistics Chapter 18. A Power PrimerJacob Cohen Chapter 19. Statistical Significance Testing and Cumulative Knowledge in Psychology: Implications for Training of ResearchersFrank L. Schmidt Chapter 20. An Effect Size Primer: A Guide for Clinicians and ResearchersChristopher J. Ferguson Chapter 21. The Proof of the Pudding: An Illustration of the Relative Strengths of Null Hypothesis, Meta-Analysis, and Bayesian AnalysisGeorge S. Howard, Scott E. Maxwell, and Kevin J. Fleming
Data Presentation Chapter 22. Designing Better Graphs by Including Distributional Information and Integrating Words, Numbers, and ImagesDavid M. Lane and Anikó Sándor
VI. Special Topics: Evaluation in Clinical Practice and ResearchAssessment and Evaluation in Clinical Work Chapter 23. Collecting Client FeedbackMichael J. Lambert and Kenichi Shimokawa Chapter 24. Revisiting and Reenvisioning the Outcome Problem in Psychotherapy: An Argument to Include Individualized and Qualitative MeasurementClara E. Hill, Harold Chui, and Ellen Baumann
Evaluating Interventions Chapter 25. Beyond Efficacy and Effectiveness: A Multifaceted Approach to Treatment EvaluationTimothy D. Nelson and Ric G. Steele Chapter 26. Methodological Challenges in Treatment Outcome Research With Ethnic MinoritiesAnna S. Lau, Doris F. Chang, and Sumie Okazaki
VII. Multiple Methodologies Chapter 27. The Epistemology of Mathematical and Statistical Modeling: A Quiet Methodological RevolutionJoseph Lee Rodgers Chapter 28. Qualitative Research and Its Place in Psychological ScienceAnna Madill and Brendan Gouge Chapter 29. Single-Case Experimental Research DesignsAlan E. Kazdin
VIII. Ethical Issues and Scientific IntegrityGuidelines and Codes Chapter 30. Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of ConductAmerican Psychological Association Chapter 31. Research Ethics: How to Treat People Who Participate in ResearchEzekiel Emanuel, Emily Abdoler, and Leanne Stunkel Chapter 32. Research Ethics for Mental Health Science Involving Ethnic Minority Children and YouthsCelia B. Fisher, Kimberly Hoagwood,Cheryl Boyce, Troy Duster, Deborah A. Frank, Thomas Grisso, Robert J. Levine, Ruth Macklin, Margaret Beale Spencer, Ruby Takanishi, Joseph E. Trimble, and Luis H. Zayas
Questionable Research Practices, Fraud, and Professional Responsibilities Chapter 33. False-Positive Psychology: Undisclosed Flexibility in Data Collection and Analysis Allows Presenting Anything as SignificantJoseph P. Simmons, Leif D. Nelson, and Uri Simonsohn Chapter 34. Why Has the Number of Scientific Retractions Increased?R. Grant Steen, Arturo Casadevall, and Ferric C. Fang Chapter 35. Best Practices for Allocating Appropriate Credit and Responsibility to Authors of Multi-Authored ArticlesLucas D. Eggert
IX. Reproducibility of Findings: Replication and Improving Research Practices Chapter 36. Shall We Really Do It Again? The Powerful Concept of Replication is Neglected in the Social SciencesStefan Schmidt Chapter 37. The Empirical March: Making Science Better at Self-CorrectionMatthew C. Makel Chapter 38. Recommendations for Increasing Replicability in PsychologyJens B. Asendorpf, Mark Conner, Filip de Fruyt, Jan De Houwer, Jaap J. A. Denissen, Klaus Fiedler, Susann Fiedler, David C. Funder, Reinhold Kliegl, Brian A. Nosek, Marco Perugini, Brent W. Roberts, Manfred Schmitt, Marcel A. G. van Aken, Hannelore Weber, and Jelte M. Wicherts
X. Publication and Communication of ResearchReporting Standards: What to Cover and Include in an Article Chapter 39. Reporting Standards for Research in Psychology: Why Do We Need Them? What Might They Be?APA Publications and Communications Board Working Group on Journal Article Reporting Standards
Preparing Articles for Publication Chapter 40. Publication and Communication of Research FindingsAlan E. Kazdin Chapter 41. Writing a Review Article for Psychological BulletinDaryl J. Bem
XI. Perspectives on Methodology Chapter 42. Methodology: Perspectives and General Lessons to Guide ResearchAlan E. Kazdin
Index About the Editor
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