Methods And Models in Transport And Telecommunications

by Reggiani, Aura; Schintler, Laurie A.

• ISBN13: 9783540258599
• ISBN10: 3540258590
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-09-15
• Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York Inc

Summary

The volume offers new insights into the modeling and analysis of transportation and telecommunication networks, utilizing perspectives from North America, Europe and other areas of the world. It probes interesting questions that can help us to understand the dynamics of our modern networked society: Do properties found in one network fail to exist in other networks and are there geographic factors that can explain this? Are there social, economic or cultural factors that contribute to differences in network properties and dynamics across regions? Can planning models such as those used for traffic forecasting or freight demand modeling be universally applied to networks situated in different regions, and how should this problem be dealt with when a system spans multiple spatial locations? What are the implications for policy analysis and decision-making? These issues are related to the need for a transatlantic synthesis of current transport methods and their applications. The book attempts to offer a prospectus in this respect, together with the emerging reflections on the desirable future evolution of research.

Table of Contents

Preface	VII
1 Introduction: Cross Atlantic Perspectives in Methods and Models Analysing Transport and Telecommunications	1	(8)
Aura Reggiani and Laurie A. Schintler
1.1 Prologue	1	(1)
1.2 Towards Sustainable Transport: The STELLA-STAR Network	2	(2)
1.3 Method and Models in Transport and Communications: Cross-Atlantic Paths and Reflections	4	(5)
2 Transportation, Communication and Sustainability: In Search of a Pathway to Comparative Research	9	(16)
William R. Black and Peter Nijkamp
2.1 Transportation, Mobility and Communication	9	(3)
2.2 Transport and Communication	12	(3)
2.3 ICT and Sustainable Transport	15	(1)
2.4 The Sustainability of ICT and Transport	16	(3)
2.5 Similarities and Differences in Transportation and Communication: Toward a Transatlantic Comparative Perspective	19	(2)
2.6 Prospect for a Research Agenda	21	(4)
Part A: Traffic Forecasting and Transport Network Analysis
3 Urban Travel Forecasting in the USA and UK	25	(20)
David E. Boyce and Huw C.W.L. Williams
3.1 Introduction	25	(1)
3.2 Specification, Estimation and Solution Methods for Integrated Equilibrium Models	26	(3)
3.3 Specification, Estimation and Solution Methods for Microanalytic Models	29	(3)
3.4 States of Practice in the USA	32	(2)
3.5 States of Practice in the UK	34	(2)
3.6 Assessment of Progress, Problems and Prospects	36	(4)
3.7 Conclusions	40	(5)
4 Towards Developing a Travel Time Forecasting Model for Location-Based Services: A Review	45	(18)
Jinsoo You and Tschangho John Kim
4.1 Introduction	45	(1)
4.2 What Is LBS?	46	(2)
4.3 Travel Time Forecasting in ITS	48	(1)
4.4 Existing Travel Time Forecasting Models	49	(5)
4.5 A Comparison of Existing Travel Time Forecasting Models	54	(3)
4.6 Potential Roles of GIS in Travel Time Forecasting for LBS	57	(1)
4.7 Summary	58	(5)
5 Transportation Networks, Case-Based Reasoning and Traffic Collision Analysis: A Methodology for the 21st Century	63	(30)
Kaidong Li and Nigel M. Waters
5.1 Introduction	63	(1)
5.2 Applications of GIS in Traffic Safety Analysis	64	(3)
5.3 Applications of Case-Based Reasoning in Traffic Safety Analysis	67	(4)
5.4 Integrating Case-Based Reasoning and Geographic Information Systems	71	(2)
5.5 A Case Study: Integrating GIS Network and CBR Approaches for Traffic Safety	73	(20)
6 A Sketch and Simulation of an Integrated Modelling Framework for the Study of Interdependent Infrastructure-Based Networked Systems	93	(28)
Kieran P. Donaghy, Jose F. Vial, Geoffrey J.D. Hewings and Nazmiye Balta
6.1 Introduction	93	(2)
6.2 Interdependent Networks in the Regional Economy of the Midwest United States	95	(3)
6.3 Static Equilibrium Interdependent Network Models	98	(7)
6.4 Numerical Simulations with a Stylized Integrated Model of Interdependent Networks	105	(4)
6.5 From Statics to Dynamics	109	(3)
6.6 Conclusions	112	(2)
Appendix 6.A: A Stylized Integrated Model of Interdependent Networks	114	(3)
Appendix 6.B: Deriving Updated Estimates of Interregional Inter-Industry Sales Coefficients in a Regional Econometric Input-Output Model	117	(4)
Part B: Freight Transport
7 Can Freight Transport Models Be Transferred Across the Atlantic?	121	(22)
Kenneth Button
7.1 Introduction	121	(2)
7.2 The Background to Modern Freight Models	123	(3)
7.3 Meta Analysis	126	(2)
7.4 Transferability	128	(2)
7.5 Types of Model	130	(4)
7.6 Differences Between the US and Europe	134	(4)
7.7 Conclusions	138	(5)
8 Dynamic Game-Theoretic Models of Urban Freight: Formulation and Solution Approach	143	(20)
Terry L. Friesz and Jose Holguin-Veras
8.1 Introduction	143	(2)
8.2 Background	145	(5)
8.3 Obtaining a Dynamic Urban Freight Trip Table	150	(5)
8.4 A Dynamic Carriers' Model for Urban Freight	155	(3)
8.5 Post-Processing to Identify Carrier Routes	158	(1)
8.6 Algorithms for Dynamic Variational Inequalities	158	(1)
8.7 Future Research	158	(5)
9 A Multi-Criteria Methodology for Stated Preferences Among Freight Transport Alternatives	163	(18)
Michel Beuthe, Christophe Bouffioux, Jan De Maeyer, Giovanna Santamaria, Marie Vandresse, Els Vandaele and Frank Witlox
9.1 Introduction	163	(1)
9.2 The Questionnaire and Stated Preference Experiment	164	(4)
9.3 The UTA Model	168	(5)
9.4 Preliminary Results of the Multi-criteria Analysis	173	(4)
9.5 Conclusion	177	(4)
10 An Adaptive Conjoint Analysis of Freight Service Alternatives: Evaluating the Maritime Option	181	(20)
Angela Stefania Bergantino and Simona Bolis
10.1 Introduction	181	(1)
10.2 Data Base Construction Methodology	182	(6)
10.3 Data Analysis and Estimation Methodology	188	(6)
10.4 Concluding Remarks	194	(7)
Part C: Telecommunications and Air Transport
11 Small-World Phenomena in Communications Networks: A Cross-Atlantic Comparison	201	(20)
Laurie A. Schintler, Sean P. Gorman, Aura Reggiani, Roberto Patuelli and Peter Nijkamp
11.1 Introduction	201	(1)
11.2 Small-World Network Analysis	202	(4)
11.3 Empirical Experiments	206	(11)
11.4 Conclusions: Towards a Cross-Atlantic Agenda	217	(3)
Appendix 11.A	220	(1)
12 The Diffusion of Cellular Phones: A Model for Italy and a Comparison with the United States	221	(18)
Domenico Campisi, Roberta Costa and Carlo Tesauro
12.1 Introduction	221	(1)
12.2 Model and Data	222	(3)
12.3 The Results	225	(1)
12.3 Conclusions	225	(14)
13 Congestion Charging at Airports: Dealing with an Inherent Complexity	239	(30)
Milan Janie and Roger R. Stough
13.1 Introduction	239	(1)
13.2 Demand Capacity and Congestion at European and U.S. Airports	240	(5)
13.3 Charging Congestion at Airports	245	(3)
13.4 Modelling Congestion Charging at an Airport	248	(8)
13.5 An Application of the Proposed Models	256	(8)
13.6 Conclusions	264	(5)
14 Short- and Long-Term Reaction of European Airlines to Exogenous Demand Shifts	269	(30)
Marco Alderighi and Alessandro Cento
14.1 Introduction	269	(3)
14.2 Exogenous Demand Shifts: The American and Asian Crises.	272	(4)
14.3 The Theoretical Model	276	(6)
14.4 The Empirical Analysis	282	(12)
14.5 Conclusions	294	(5)
Part D: Sustainable Transport and Policy Perspectives
15 Taxes and the Environmental Impact of Private Car Use: Evidence from 68 Cities	299	(20)
Keiko Hirota And Jacques Poot
15.1 Introduction	299	(2)
15.2 Previous Research and Theoretical Considerations	301	(5)
15.3 Data Description	306	(5)
15.4 Regression Results	311	(2)
15.5 Final Comments	313	(3)
Appendix 15.A	316	(3)
16 European Perspectives on a New Fiscal Framework for Transport	319	(16)
Stephen Potter, Graham Parkhurst And Ben Lane
16.1 The Purposes of Taxation	319	(1)
16.2 Fiscal Measures to Promote Cleaner Cars	320	(7)
16.3 Eco-Reform or Eco-Transformation?	327	(5)
16.4 Conclusions	332	(3)
17 Time and Travel	335	(14)
David Banister
17.1 Introduction	361	(1)
17.2 The Nature of Time	362	(1)
17.3 The Treatment of Time	363	(5)
17.4 Congestion Charging	368	(2)
17.5 Transport and ICT	370	(2)
17.6 Conclusion	372
List of Contributors	349	(6)
List of Referees	355	(4)
Subject Index	359