MicroRNAs: From Basic Science to Disease Biology

by Edited by Krishnarao Appasani , Foreword by Sidney Altman , Victor R. Ambros

• ISBN13: 9780521865982
• ISBN10: 0521865980
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-01-21
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are RNA molecules, conserved by evolution, that regulate gene expressions and their recent discovery is revolutionising both basic biomedical research and drug discovery. Expression levels of miRNAs have been found to vary between tissues and with developmental stages and hence evaluation of the global expression of miRNAs potentially provides opportunities to identify regulatory points for many different biological processes. This wide-ranging reference work, written by leading experts from both academia and industry, will be an invaluable resource for all those wishing to use miRNA techniques in their own research, from graduate students, post-docs and researchers in academia to those working in R&D in biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies who need to understand this emerging technology. From the discovery of miRNAs and their functions to their detection and role in disease biology, this volume uniquely integrates the basic science with industry application towards drug validation, diagnostic and therapeutic development.

Table of Contents

List of contributor	p. viii
Foreword	p. xxv
Foreword	p. xxvii
Introduction	p. 1
Discovery of microRNAs in various organisms	p. 5
The microRNAs of C. elegans	p. 7
Non-coding RNAs - development of man-made vector-based intronic microRNAs (miRNAs)	p. 22
Seeing is believing: strategies for studying microRNA expression	p. 42
MicroRNAs in limb development	p. 58
Identification of miRNAs in the plant Oryza sativa	p. 70
MicroRNA functions and RNAi-mediated pathways	p. 83
Inhibition of translation initiation by a microRNA	p. 85
In situ analysis of microRNA expression during vertebrate development	p. 102
MicroRNA function in the nervous system	p. 115
MicroRNA expression that controls the amount of branched chain [alpha]-ketoacid dehydrogenase in mitochondria of human cells	p. 129
MicroRNAs and the regulation of leaf shape	p. 137
Computational biology of microRNAs	p. 155
miRBase: a database of microRNA sequences, targets and nomenclature	p. 157
Computational prediction of microRNA targets in vertebrates, fruitflies and nematodes	p. 172
Computational approaches to elucidate miRNA biology	p. 187
The RNAhybrid approach to microRNA target prediction	p. 199
Machine learning predicts microRNA target sites	p. 210
Models of microRNA-target coordination	p. 221
Detection and quantitation of microRNAs	p. 227
Detection and analysis of microRNAs using LNA (locked nucleic acid)-modified probes	p. 229
Detection and quantitation of microRNAs using the RNA Invader assay	p. 242
A single molecule method to quantify miRNA gene expression	p. 255
Real-time quantification of microRNAs by TaqMan assays	p. 269
Real-time quantification of miRNAs and mRNAs employing universal reverse transcription	p. 283
Colour-plate section
MicroRNAs in disease biology	p. 293
Dysregulation of microRNAs in human malignancy	p. 295
High throughput microRNAs profiling in cancers	p. 309
Roles of microRNAs in cancer and development	p. 322
miR-122 in mammalian liver	p. 338
MiRNAs in glioblastoma	p. 350
Role of microRNA pathway in Fragile X mental retardation	p. 363
Insertion of miRNA125b-1 into immunoglobulin heavy chain gene locus mediated by V(D)J recombination in precursor B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	p. 372
miRNAs in TPA-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells	p. 380
MiRNAs in skeletal muscle differentiation	p. 392
Identification and potential function of viral microRNAs	p. 405
Lost in translation: regulation of HIV-1 by microRNAs and a key enzyme of RNA-directed RNA polymerase	p. 427
MicroRNAs in stem cell development	p. 443
MicroRNAs in the stem cells of the mouse blastocyst	p. 445
The role of miRNA in hematopoiesis	p. 467
MicroRNAs in embryonic stem cell differentiation and prediction of their targets	p. 476
Generation of single cell microRNA expression profile	p. 489
Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs)	p. 497
MicroRNAs in immunology, cardiology, diabetes, and unicellular organisms	p. 512
Index	p. 522
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