Microsoft Application Center 2000 Resource Kit

by Microsoft Corporation

• ISBN13: 9780735610231
• ISBN10: 0735610231
• Format: Trade Paper
• Copyright: 2001-03-28
• Publisher: Microsoft Pr

Summary

This Microsoft "Resource Kit" delivers essential reference and tools to IT professionals who want to fully exploit the functionality of Microsoft Application Center Server 2000 -- a strategic solution for running and managing Web applications through "Web farms", or clusters. This kit covers a variety of deployment scenarios, ranging from simple Web applications to multitier e-commerce solutions. Packed with use-now tools and information, this authoritative kit can help IT professionals save time, reduce ownership and support costs, and maximize their organization's investments in Web technologies. The CD features must-have tools and utilities to aid product support and deployment.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
Acknowledgments	xvii
Introduction	xix
Scaling Business Web Sites with Application Center	1	(24)
Building Blocks	1	(8)
The Applications Architectural Shift	2	(3)
An Overview of Distributed Web Applications	5	(2)
.NET Enterprise Servers	7	(2)
Positioning Application Center	9	(1)
The Web Computing Model for Business	9	(4)
Enabling Highly Available and Scalable Application Services	13	(11)
The Traditional Approach - Scaling Up	14	(1)
Scaling Out as an Alternative	15	(2)
Clustering	17	(3)
Scaling Up vs. Scaling Out	20	(3)
Scaling n-Tier Sites with Microsoft Clustering Technology	23	(1)
Resources	24	(1)
Books	24	(1)
Feature Overview	25	(28)
Application Center Overview	25	(2)
Design Goals	26	(1)
Application Center Feature Summary	27	(1)
Application Center Cluster Services	28	(5)
Cluster Creation	28	(3)
Cluster Administration	31	(2)
Load Balancing	33	(3)
Integrated NLB	33	(2)
Component Load Balancing	35	(1)
No Load Balancing	36	(1)
Synchronization and Deployment	36	(6)
Controller Configuration Settings	37	(1)
Content Publishing and Application Deployment	37	(4)
Cluster Synchronization	41	(1)
Monitoring	42	(4)
Events	42	(2)
Performance	44	(1)
Health	45	(1)
Programmatic Support	46	(2)
Monitoring	47	(1)
Performance Counters	47	(1)
Command-Line Administration	47	(1)
COM+Provider	48	(1)
Local and Remote Administration	48	(2)
High Availability	50	(1)
Online Help	50	(1)
Resources	51	(2)
Books	51	(1)
Web Links	51	(2)
The Application Center Architecture	53	(16)
The Architecture Layers	53	(1)
The User Interface	54	(2)
The Feature Set	56	(1)
The Operating System	56	(10)
MMC version 1.2	56	(1)
WMI	57	(2)
IIS version 5.0	59	(6)
NLB	65	(1)
COM+	66	(1)
Health Monitor version 2.1	66	(1)
SQL Server 2000 Desktop Engine	67	(1)
Resources	68	(1)
Book	68	(1)
Web Links	68	(1)
Cluster Services	69	(26)
Recommended Server Configuration	69	(5)
Memory	70	(1)
Fixed Disk	70	(1)
Network Adapter	71	(1)
IP Addresses	71	(3)
Default Accounts and Services	74	(3)
Deployment Infrastructure Example	77	(1)
Application Center Cluster Services	77	(1)
Connecting to a Cluster	78	(1)
Creating a Cluster	79	(4)
Processing Activities and Their Sequence	80	(3)
Cluster Administration	83	(9)
Adding a Server	83	(4)
Removing a Server	87	(1)
Restarting a Member	88	(1)
Changing the Cluster Controller	89	(3)
Disbanding a Cluster	92	(1)
Background Services	92	(3)
Cluster Time Synchronization Service	92	(2)
Reliable Name Resolution Service	94	(1)
Load Balancing	95	(44)
Load Balancing Options	95	(1)
Network Load Balancing	96	(9)
Network Load Balancing Architecture	96	(4)
Load Balancing Distribution	100	(2)
Convergence---Redistributing the Load on an NLB Cluster	102	(3)
Maintaining Session State with Network Load Balancing	105	(12)
The Request Forwarder	106	(10)
Scenarios that Require Request Forwarding	116	(1)
Request Handling Examples in a Network Load Balancing Cluster	117	(3)
Stateless Session	117	(1)
Stateful Session	118	(2)
Network Load Balancing Administration	120	(4)
Setting a Server Offline or Online	120	(1)
Configuring Load Balancing Weights	121	(2)
Configuring Client Affinity	123	(1)
Configuring Request Forwarding	123	(1)
Component Load Balancing	124	(7)
CLB Architecture	125	(6)
Component Load Balancing Scenarios	131	(6)
Two-Tier with Full Load Balancing	132	(1)
Three-Tier with Full Load Balancing	133	(3)
Three-Tier with Fail Over	136	(1)
Resources	137	(2)
Books	137	(1)
Web Links	138	(1)
Synchronization and Deployment	139	(36)
Synchronization Service Overview and Architecture	139	(9)
Synchronization Service Architecture	140	(8)
Synchronization Reliability	148	(1)
Transport Recovery	148	(1)
Apply Time Recovery	148	(1)
Synchronization Modes and Processing	149	(5)
Processing Activities During a Full Synchronization	151	(3)
Synchronizing Cluster Configuration Settings	154	(1)
Replicating Network Settings	154	(1)
Replicating NLB Settings	154	(1)
Synchronizing Content and Applications	155	(5)
The Default Applications	155	(1)
User-Defined Applications	156	(2)
Editing Applications	158	(1)
The Replication Definition	159	(1)
Deploying Applications	160	(3)
Special Cases	163	(7)
Deploying User Accounts	164	(1)
Deploying COM+ Components	164	(1)
Deploying Global ISAPI Filters	165	(1)
WMI/Health Monitor Replication Driver	166	(4)
Configuring, Managing, and Monitoring Synchronization	170	(5)
Synchronization Exclusions	170	(2)
Monitoring Synchronization	172	(3)
Monitoring	175	(50)
The Role of Monitoring	175	(1)
High-Level Architecture	176	(3)
Windows Management Instrumentation	179	(18)
Managed Applications	179	(1)
Managed Objects	180	(1)
WMI Providers	181	(3)
Management Infrastructure	184	(13)
Health Monitor 2.1	197	(10)
High-Level Architecture and Operation	198	(9)
SQL Server Desktop Engine and ACLog	207	(8)
The Application Center Log	207	(2)
Table Layouts	209	(3)
Table Views	212	(1)
ACLog Capacity Requirements	213	(2)
Monitoring: a Four-Step Process	215	(10)
Generating Data	216	(4)
Logging Data	220	(2)
Querying and Preparing Data	222	(3)
Creating Clusters and Deploying Applications	225	(58)
Setting Up and Testing a Two-Tier Cluster Environment	227	(32)
Build the Web Tier	227	(25)
Build the COM+ Tier	252	(7)
Setting Up a Stager	259	(2)
Create a Staging Cluster	260	(1)
Sample Applications for Staging	261	(5)
Installing the Applications on the Stager	261	(5)
Deployment Issues	266	(2)
Using a Stager to Deploy Applications	268	(2)
Deploy a New Application to a Web Cluster	270	(3)
Deploy an Application Update to a Web Cluster	273	(4)
Deploying Applications Without COM+ Components	273	(1)
Deploying Applications with COM+ Components	274	(2)
Deploy ACPFCOM	276	(1)
Deploy a New Application with COM+ Components to Two Tiers	277	(4)
Prepare the Application	277	(1)
Phase One: Install to the COM+ Application Cluster	278	(1)
Phase Two: Install to the Web Cluster	279	(1)
Summary	280	(1)
Resources	281	(2)
Web Links	281	(2)
Working with Monitors and Events	283	(40)
The Event Schema	284	(4)
The Monitors Hierarchy	288	(2)
Anatomy of a Monitor	290	(8)
Data Groups	290	(1)
Data Collectors	290	(7)
Thresholds and Actions	297	(1)
The Default (Synchronized) Monitors	298	(3)
The Sample Monitors	301	(5)
Creating a Custom Monitor	306	(5)
Modifying and Creating Actions	311	(7)
The Default Actions	312	(1)
Creating a New Action	313	(5)
Configuring Event Logging	318	(5)
Working with Performance Counters	323	(48)
Performance Management	324	(2)
The User's Perspective	325	(1)
The Administrator's Perspective	325	(1)
An Overview of Performance Tuning	326	(5)
The Tuning Cycle	327	(4)
An Overview of Capacity Planning	331	(2)
Testing and Tuning the Infrastructure	333	(10)
The Network and Server	335	(2)
The Web Server	337	(6)
Testing and Tuning Applications	343	(2)
Anticipating Application Load	343	(1)
Stress Test the Application	344	(1)
The Web Application Stress Tool	345	(3)
Using WAS to Test NLB Web Clusters	348	(1)
Performance Counters	348	(12)
The Default Performance Counters	349	(6)
Adding Additional Performance Counters	355	(4)
Enabling Counter Graphing	359	(1)
Performance Monitoring Samples	360	(9)
Cluster Test Configuration	360	(1)
Counter Graphs	361	(2)
The Base Environment	363	(1)
Scenario: Single-Node Web Cluster and Single-Mode COM+ Application Cluster	364	(1)
Scenario: Two-Node Web Cluster and Single-Node COM+ Application Cluster	365	(1)
Scenario: Three-Node Web Cluster and Single-Node COM+ Application Cluster	365	(3)
Scenario: Three-Node Web Cluster and Two-Node COM+ Application Cluster	368	(1)
Resources	369	(2)
Books	369	(1)
Web Sites	370	(1)
Working with the Command-Line Tool and Scripts	371	(40)
Windows Scripting Host	371	(8)
WSH Architectural Overview	372	(1)
Running Scripts By Using the Command-Based Scripting Host	373	(2)
Running Scripts by Using the Windows-Based Scripting Host	375	(1)
The .wsh File	375	(1)
The .wsf File	376	(3)
The Command-Line Tool: Overview and Reference	379	(21)
Command Overview	379	(2)
Command Reference	381	(19)
Command-Line Example: Setting Up a Staging Environment	400	(4)
Preparation	400	(2)
Create the Staging Cluster and Preflight Check Application	402	(1)
Deploy the Preflight Check Application	403	(1)
Script Samples	404	(5)
Script: Asynchronously Trap an Event	404	(1)
Script: Synchronously Trap an Event	404	(1)
Script: Obtain the Available Disk Space and Directory Listing	405	(1)
Script: Save ACLog Database as CSV Text File	406	(1)
Script: Backup the ACLog Database	407	(1)
Batch File: Clean ACLog Tables	408	(1)
Additional Samples	408	(1)
Resources	409	(2)
Security: For Administrators and Developers	411	(42)
Security: Trends and Perspectives	412	(5)
What's Been Happening in the Computer Industry	412	(1)
The Nature of the Beast	413	(1)
Insights From the Experts	414	(3)
The Nature of Security Breaches	417	(3)
The Security Design Process	420	(5)
Risk Assessment	422	(3)
The Three-Tier Security Model	425	(4)
Presentation Services	426	(1)
Business Services	426	(1)
Data Services	426	(1)
Topologies for the Three-Tier Model	427	(2)
Platform Security	429	(11)
Network Security	429	(1)
General Security Guidelines for Windows 2000 Server and Web Servers	430	(8)
The Applications and Components	438	(1)
The Back-End Databases	439	(1)
Application Center Security	440	(2)
User Accounts	440	(1)
User Credentials	440	(1)
File Systems	441	(1)
Network Adapters	441	(1)
Health Monitor and WMI	441	(1)
Monitoring	442	(1)
Logging	442	(1)
Remote Control	442	(1)
Secure Remote Administration	442	(3)
Securing Off-Site Computers	443	(1)
The Application Center Administrative Client	444	(1)
The Application Center Web-Based Administrative Client	445	(1)
Windows 2000 Terminal Services	445	(1)
Monitoring and Auditing	445	(4)
Think Like a Hacker	449	(1)
Resources	449	(4)
Books and Articles	449	(1)
Web Sites	450	(3)
Third-Party Load Balancer Support	453	(18)
Conceptual Overview and Functional Requirements	454	(2)
Device Monitoring	455	(1)
Device Management	456	(1)
Application Center and Load Balancers---Concepts	456	(5)
Alteon WebSystems 180E	457	(1)
Cisco Systems LocalDirector	458	(1)
F5 Networks BIG-IP	459	(1)
Intel NetStructure 7175 and 7185	460	(1)
Device Monitors	461	(1)
Lbdevicehm.mof	461	(1)
The ACEXT.EXE Command-Line Tool	462	(3)
Using ACEXT.EXE	463	(2)
Device Set Up	465	(6)
Install the Load-Balancer Programs and Files	465	(1)
Configure the Alteon WebSystems 180E, Intel NetStructure 7175 and 7185, and Cisco Systems LocalDirector Devices	466	(1)
Configure the F5 Networks BIG-IP Device	467	(1)
Configure All of the Devices	467	(2)
Troubleshooting	469	(2)
Appendix A A Blueprint for Building Web Sites Using the Microsoft Windows DNA Platform	471	(50)
Executive Summary	471	(1)
Architecture Overview	472	(8)
An Example Site	480	(7)
Scalability	487	(9)
Availability	496	(3)
Security	499	(9)
Management and Operations	508	(11)
Summary	519	(2)
Appendix B Network Load Balancing Technical Overview	521	(28)
Abstract	521	(1)
Introduction	521	(7)
Advantages of Network Load Balancing	523	(1)
Installing and Managing Network Load Balancing	524	(2)
How Network Load Balancing Works	526	(1)
Managing Application State	527	(1)
Network Load Balancing Architecture	528	(7)
Distribution of Cluster Traffic	530	(2)
Load-Balancing Algorithm	532	(2)
Convergence	534	(1)
Remote Control	535	(1)
Network Load Balancing Performance	535	(8)
CPU Overhead	536	(3)
Throughput and Response Time	539	(3)
Switch Occupancy	542	(1)
Summary	543	(1)
For More Information	544	(1)
Glossary of Key Terms	544	(5)
Appendix C The Art and Science of Web Server Tuning with Internet Information Services 5.0	549	(36)
Abstract	549	(1)
Introduction	550	(1)
Performance Tuning as an Art	550	(1)
Why Tune Your Web Servers?	551	(1)
What to Tune	551	(20)
Monitoring Your Hardware	552	(6)
Security	558	(2)
Monitoring Your Web Applications	560	(1)
Tuning Your Web Applications	561	(2)
Tools to Monitor and Test Server Performance	563	(1)
Features and Settings in Windows 2000 and IIS 5.0	564	(3)
Tuning and Troubleshooting Suggestions	567	(4)
Testing, Piloting, and Going Live	571	(1)
Performance Settings	572	(6)
Metabase Settings	572	(3)
Registry Settings	575	(3)
Tips for Optimizing Windows 2000 Web Server Performance	578	(2)
ASP Caching	580	(1)
Tips for Getting the Most Out of an 8-Processor Machine	581	(1)
Resources	582	(3)
Appendix D Application Center Status Events	585	(26)
Appendix E Sample Performance Charts	611	(8)
Appendix F Resource Kit Software Tools	619	(10)
ACSystem Tray	619	(1)
Requirements	619	(1)
Installation	619	(1)
Usage Instructions	619	(1)
Advanced Configuration Editor	620	(1)
Requirements	620	(1)
Installation	620	(1)
Usage Instructions	620	(1)
Application Exporter	620	(1)
Requirements	621	(1)
Installation	621	(1)
Usage Instructions	621	(1)
Command Syntax	621	(1)
Cluster Monitor	621	(1)
Requirements	621	(1)
Installation	622	(1)
Usage Instructions	622	(1)
Command-Line Scripts	622	(1)
DumpHM	622	(1)
Requirements	622	(1)
Installation	622	(1)
Usage Instructions	622	(1)
Command Syntax	623	(1)
Notes	623	(1)
Pre-Flight Manual	623	(1)
Requirements	623	(1)
Installation	623	(1)
Scanner	623	(1)
Requirements	624	(1)
Installation	624	(1)
Usage Instructions	624	(1)
Command Syntax	624	(1)
SQL Partitioner	624	(1)
Requirements	625	(1)
Installation	625	(1)
Usage Instructions	625	(1)
SQL Event Logger	625	(1)
Requirements	625	(1)
Installation	626	(1)
Uptime	626	(3)
Requirements	626	(1)
Installation	626	(1)
Usage Instructions	627	(1)
Command Syntax	627	(2)
Appendix G Managing IIS IP Bindings	629	(4)
Index	633