Migration of Freshwater Fishes

by Lucas, Martyn; Baras, Etienne

• ISBN13: 9780632057542
• ISBN10: 0632057548
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-11-28
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

Recent studies have increasingly demonstrated the widespread existence of spatio-temporal variations in the abundance and distribution of species of freshwater fishes, previously assumed not to move between habitats. These movements are often on a seasonal or ontogenetic basis, for spawning, feeding and refuge, and in many cases are fundamental for the successful completion of lifecycles. This important book provides a single source for a range of previously widely dispersed information on these movements of fish in fresh waters, covering potamodromous fishes as well as the more familiar diadromous species, worldwide. Contents include full descriptions of types of migration and spatial behaviour, the stimulus and capacity for fish to migrate, the effects of climate on patterns of migratory behaviour, a taxonomic analysis (mostly by family) of freshwater fish migration, methods for studying migration, and details of the impacts of man's activities on freshwater fish migration. Migration of Freshwater Fishes provides an excellent and comprehensive reference to which the river manager, biologist or student can now refer to obtain information, advice and current opinion on the migratory behaviour of most taxonomic groups of fishes occurring in fresh water. University libraries and aquatic research stations should also have copies of this essential reference book on their shelves. Well-known international authors. Of great commercial importance to fisheries and professional angling bodies. Draws together much new information in one place. Detailed review of world wide migratory behaviour for most groups of freshwater fishes. Pure and applied relevance, for academics, fisheries scientists, river managers and conservationists. This comprehensive book includes 67 tables and figures and over 1,400 references.

Author Biography

Martyn Lucas is at the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Durham, UK, Etienne Baras is a research associate of the Belgian FNRS at the Department of Ethology and Animal Psychology (Tihange Aquaculture Research Station) at the University of Liege, Belgium.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Acknowledgements	xv
Migration and Spatial Behaviour	1	(13)
Introduction	1	(3)
Fish migration--from phenomenology to functional biology	4	(10)
Environment-related criteria and definitions	5	(1)
Diadromy and types of diadromous migrations	6	(2)
Superimposed migratory patterns: added complexity or just simple adaptive responses?	8	(1)
From adaptation to the migration continuum concept: do scale and salinity matter when defining migration?	9	(3)
From the restricted movement paradigm towards a general definition of migration	12	(2)
The Stimulus and Capacity for Migration	14	(52)
Introduction	14	(1)
Stimuli for migration	15	(23)
Internal factors	16	(9)
External factors	25	(13)
The capacity for migration	38	(14)
Overview of muscle structure and function	39	(1)
Swimming performance: how fast can a fish swim?	40	(1)
Relationships between swimming speed and endurance	41	(2)
A metabolic approach to swimming costs	43	(2)
How far can a fish migrate?	45	(2)
Constraints on early and late migrants	47	(2)
Implications of migration costs on size at first sexual maturity: when time matters	49	(1)
A tentative synthesis and conclusion	50	(2)
Piloting, orientation and navigation	52	(14)
Landmarks and surface topography	55	(1)
Celestial cues	55	(2)
Currents	57	(1)
Electric and magnetic fields	58	(1)
Olfaction and gustation	58	(1)
Other cues	59	(2)
Homing, memory and imprinting	61	(5)
Types of Migration	66	(27)
Introduction	66	(1)
Migrations at the seasonal and ontogenetic scale	67	(20)
Feeding migrations	67	(8)
Refuge-seeking migrations	75	(6)
Spawning migrations	81	(3)
Post-displacement movements, recolonisation and exploratory migration	84	(3)
Diel horizontal and vertical migrations	87	(6)
Effects of Climate on Patterns of Migratory Behaviour	93	(44)
Introduction	93	(1)
Arctic and subarctic regions	94	(5)
Temperate regions	99	(8)
Tropical regions	107	(30)
Introduction	107	(1)
Setting the scene: what makes tropical freshwater systems similar or different to those of temperate areas?	108	(4)
Influences of predation pressure on fish migrations	112	(3)
Influence of dissolved oxygen on fish migrations	115	(5)
Other environmental factors shaping habitat use and seasonal migrations	120	(1)
Life history, breeding systems and migration patterns of tropical fish	121	(14)
Conclusion	135	(2)
Taxonomic Analysis of Migration in Freshwater Fishes	137	(93)
Introduction	137	(2)
Lampreys (Petromyzontidae)	139	(3)
Sharks and rays (Elasmobranchii)	142	(1)
Sturgeons (Acipenseridae)	142	(6)
Paddlefishes (Polyodontidae)	148	(1)
Gars (Lepisosteidae) and bowfins (Amiidae)	149	(1)
Bonytongues, mooneyes, featherfin knifefishes, elephant fishes (Osteoglossiformes)	149	(2)
Tenpounders and tarpons (Elopiformes)	151	(1)
Freshwater eels (Anguillidae)	151	(4)
Anchovies, shads, herrings and menhaden (Clupeiformes)	155	(4)
Milkfish (Chanidae)	159	(1)
Carps and minnows (Cyprinidae)	159	(10)
Suckers (Catostomidae)	169	(2)
Loaches (Cobitidae) and river loaches (Balitoridae)	171	(1)
Characins (Characiformes)	172	(8)
Catfishes (Siluriformes)	180	(3)
Knifefishes (Gymnotiformes)	183	(1)
Pikes and mudminnows (Esociformes)	184	(2)
Smelts (Osmeridae)	186	(1)
Noodlefishes (Salangidae and Sundsalangidae)	187	(1)
Southern smelts and southern graylings (Retropinnidae)	187	(2)
Galaxiids, southern whitebaits and peladillos (Galaxidae)	189	(1)
Salmons, trouts, chars, graylings and whitefishes (Salmonidae)	190	(8)
Trout-perches (Percopsidae) and pirate perch (Aphredoderidae)	198	(1)
Cods (Gadidae)	198	(2)
Mullets (Mugilidae)	200	(2)
Silversides and their relatives (Atheriniformes)	202	(1)
Needlefishes, half-beaks and medakas (Beloniformes)	203	(1)
Killifishes, livebearers, pupfishes and their relatives (Cyprinodontiformes)	204	(1)
Sticklebacks and their relatives (Gasterosteiformes)	204	(2)
Scorpionfishes (Scorpaenidae and Tetrarogidae)	206	(1)
Sculpins (Cottidae)	206	(2)
Snooks (Centropomidae)	208	(1)
Temperate basses (Moronidae)	209	(4)
Temperate perches (Percichthyidae)	213	(1)
Sunfishes (Centrarchidae)	214	(2)
Perches (Percidae)	216	(5)
Snappers (Lutjanidae)	221	(1)
Drums (Sciaenidae)	221	(1)
Tigerperches (Terapontidae)	222	(1)
Aholeholes (Kuhliidae)	222	(1)
Cichlids (Cichlidae)	222	(2)
Southern rock cods (Bovichthyidae) and sandperches (Pinguipedidae)	224	(1)
Fresh and brackish water dwelling gobioid fishes (Eleotridae, Rhyacichthyidae, Odontobutidae and Gobiidae)	224	(3)
Fresh and brackish water dwelling flatfishes (Pleuronectidae, Soleidae, Achiridae, Paralichthyidae and Cynoglossidae)	227	(3)
Methods for Studying the Spatial Behaviour of Fish in Fresh and Brackish Water	230	(41)
Introduction	230	(4)
Capture-independent methods	234	(10)
Visual observation	234	(1)
Resistivity fish counters and detection of bioelectric outputs	235	(1)
Hydroacoustics	236	(8)
Capture dependent methods	244	(24)
Variations in density and catch per unit effort	244	(3)
Marks and tags	247	(1)
Types of marks and tags	247	(9)
Electronic tags--telemetry	256	(1)
Passive electronic tags	256	(4)
Signal propagation and detection of battery-powered transmitters	260	(1)
Transmitter positioning	261	(1)
Telemetry of intrinsic and extrinsic parameters	261	(2)
Attachment methods	263	(3)
Limitations of telemetry systems	266	(1)
Archival tags	267	(1)
Choice of methods in fish migration studies	268	(3)
Functional delimitation of fisheries districts	269	(1)
Lateral and longitudinal migrations of large catfishes in a South American assemblage	269	(1)
Fidelity of fish to spawning grounds	270	(1)
Applied Aspects of Freshwater Fish Migration	271	(40)
A broad view of the impact of man's activities on freshwater fish migration	271	(2)
Impact of man's activities on the diversity of fish assemblages in different geographic regions, focusing on damming	273	(9)
Eurasia	273	(2)
North America	275	(2)
Australasia and Oceania	277	(1)
Tropical South America, Africa and Asia	278	(4)
Other impacts on fish migration resulting from man's activities	282	(9)
Entrainment and impingement	282	(3)
Hydropeaking, changes in temperature and oxygen	285	(3)
Culverts and road crossings	288	(1)
Changes in genetic diversity and life history	289	(2)
Mitigation of hazards and obstacles to fish migration	291	(16)
Fish passes	293	(1)
Fish ladders	294	(2)
Fish locks and elevators	296	(1)
Shipping locks and elevators	297	(1)
Nature-like fish passes	298	(1)
Typical downstream passes: surface bypass systems	299	(1)
Attracting and deterring fishes	300	(7)
Installation, monitoring and efficiency of fish passes	307	(2)
Conclusions	309	(2)
Conclusion	311	(3)
References	314	(79)
Geographical index	393	(5)
Taxonomic index	398	(14)
Subject index	412