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9780262692236

Mind and Brain Sciences in the 21st Century

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780262692236

  • ISBN10:

    0262692236

  • Edition: 1st
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 1999-02-01
  • Publisher: MIT PRESS

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Summary

The approach of the new millennium encourages people to stop and think about where we have been and where we are going. In these essays, all but one written for this book, many of those who have helped to shape the fields of neurocognition, cognitive science, and psychology give their thoughts on the past and future of the science of mind. Ernest R. Hilgard's foreword presents "A Personal View of 20th Century Psychology: With an Eye to the 21st Century." Some of the essays offer specific ideas about what the future may hold, while others prefer the grand overview. Some touch on the philosophical, social, and scientific implications of the science of the mind; a few border on whimsy or science fiction. All are written to be understood by the informed layperson, as well as professionals and students. The authors of the essays describe their visions of what might be, not what is determined to be. A major goal of the volume is to encourage scientists and scholars to consider alternative worlds--to help us to avoid many of the problems of the past and to create a healthier and more humane future. A Bradford Book

Table of Contents

Contents
Foreword A Personal View Of 20Th-Century Psychology: With An Eye To The 21St Century
Preface
Note
Conciousness And The 21St Century
Psychology in a World of Sentient, Self-Knowing Beings: A Modest Utopian Fantasy
Is It a Clearly Defined Phenomenon?
Evidence
The Rebirth of Consciousness in Science
Contrastive Analysis
Treating Consciousness as a Variable
What's Different About Psychological Knowledge
Consciousness is Humanizing: The Example of Inner Speech
Psychology in a World of Sentient, Self-Knowing Beings
Ready or Not, Here Comes the New Millenium
Bibliography
What Thin Partitions... Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan
Notes
Will the Mind Become the Brain in the 21st Century?
References
Fact: The First Axiom of Consciousness and Thought
Prehistory of C: The Late 20th Century
The Beginning of the End?
The 2018 TeleCongress
Aristotle to the Rescue
Fact: The First Axiom of C and T
Author's Note
Acknowledgment
Bibliography
Brain And Mind In The 21St Century
Infusing Cognitive Neuroscience into Cognitive Psychology
Constraints from Cognitive Neuroscience: A Case Study
What's Special About Cognitive Neuroscience Data?
Directness of Dissociations
Multiple Dependent Measures and Their Direct Functional Interpretation
Does Cognitive Neuroscience Offer a New Way to Look at Cognition?
Content Differences in Perception and Memory
Content Effects in Categorization
Planning
Concluding Comments
Acknowledgments
Notes
References
Imaging the Future
Extrapolating the Current Scene
Anatomy
Comparative Anatomy
Circuitry
Circuitry and Reading
Plasticity
Dynamic Brains
Learning
Recovery of Function
School Subjects
Individuality
Genetic Level
Neuroimaging
Phenotypic Structure
Sociopathy
Theory of Consciousness
References
What to Do with Your Own Personal Brain Scanner
The Man Who Wanted to Speak with the Dead
Bevis, Butthead, Bakunin, and CBS, PBS, and DSP
Eight Things That You Can Do with Your PBS
Mental Checkups: Very Short, Short, Medium, and Long-Term Scales
Very Short: Am I Falling Asleep at the Wheel?
Short: Is This a Bad Hair Day?
Medium: I'm Recovering from a Head Injury
Am I Ready to Go Back to Work?
Long-Term: Am I Getting Senile?
Improving Basic Mental Functions and Learning
How Do I Concentrate Better?
Can I Learn Faster?
Enhancing Performance
How Do I Make That Perfect Golf Stroke?
Entertainment
Can I Play a Video Game with This Thing?
Is All This California Dreaming?
Acknowledgments
Bibliography
The Deep and Surface Structure of Memory and Conscious Learning: Toward a 21st-Century Model
The Deep and Surface Structure of Memory
Deep Structure
The Surface Structure
Conscious Learning as Recoding Through Self' Organization
Elements of Acquisition
Reinforcement--A Redefinition
The Big Picture: What The Relation Between the Organization of Learning and Memory and That of the B...
Mathematical Holography in Brain Function and Cosmology
The Brain-Mind Relation
Conclusion
Appendix
References
What Are Brains For?
From Associationism to Circuitry
The Neuron as a Computational Unit
Possible Nature of Cellular Specializations
The Overarching Nightmare: The Answer Is in the Spike Pattern
Acknowledgments
References
Psychology (Memory, Theory, And Congnition) In The 21St Century
The Future of Cognitive Psychology?
A Look Backward in Time
A Look Forward in Time
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Notes
References
The Memory Trainers
Gay Snodgrass
Preface
Training the Memory Trainers--A View from the Past
History of Memory Research
Systems vs. Processes
Implicit vs. Explicit Memory
Why Two Systems for Episodic Memory?
How Many Types of Memory Are There?
Implications for the Development of a Memory Test Battery and Memory Training
The Memory Battery
Short-Term or Working Memory (Generally Considered to Be Basic to All Other Memory Skills)
Episodic Long-Term Memory
Semantic Long-Term Memory
Implicit Long-Term
Justification of the Memory Battery
What Can Be Trained?
Notes
On Future Psychological Categories
Technical Discoveries
The End of Infant Determinism
Classification
The Bases for Classification
Contemporary Features
Past Qualities
Immediate Consequences
Long-Term Consequences
Formal Similarities
Combining Criteria
Some Examples
Extremes
Weighting Features
Summary
Acknowledgment
References
The Goal of Theory in Experimental Psychology
Aesthetics and Utility in Science
Theories in Classical Physics
The Discovery vs. the Invention of Theories
What to Measure?
Theories in Psychology
Superficial Differences Between Physical and Psychological Theories
The Importance of Evolution and Learning for Psychological Theories
The Complexity of a "Simple" Psychological Task
The Indirect Use of Precise Theories
Theories Are Inherently Incomplete or Imprecise
The Futility of Statistical Tests
A Criterion for Evaluating Theories
The Necessity of Theory
Looking Ahead
Acknowledgment
How to Prepare for Our Future of Totally Unexpected Opportunities
References
The Future of Psychology
The Scientific Revolution
Ordeal by Quackery
The Mind-Body Continuum
Man Is a Biosocial Animal: Genetics
The Biological Basis of Personality and Intellect
Conclusions
References
THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND
Mind Sciences and the 21st Century
The Most Humanly Important Topic of All: Consciousness
Looking at Brains in the 21st Century
Psychology ±100 Years
The Future of Mind Sciences
Notes
References
About The Authors
Name Index
Subject Index
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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