Mixed race studies is one of the fastest growing as well as one of the most important and controversial areas in the field of race and ethnicity. Bringing together pioneering and controversial scholarship from the social and biological sciences, as well as the humanities, this book charts the evolution of debates on race and mixed race from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century. This collection adds a new dimension to the growing body of literature on the topic and provides a comprehensive history of the origins and directions of mixed race research as an intellectual movement. It is divided into three main sections: * tracing the origins: miscegenation, moral degeneracy and genetics * mapping contemporary and foundational discourses: mixed race, identities politics and celebration * debating definitions: census categories and critiques. Each section begins with a brief editorial guide to the readings and includes revision probes for each reading as well as suggestions forfurther reading.Mixed Race Studies: A Readeris an invaluable resource for examining the complexities and paradoxes of racial thinking across space, time, and disciplines.

Preface

xiii

Acknowledgements

xv

Notes on terminology

xix

Introduction: Rethinking `Mixed Race' Studies

1

(36)

PART ONE Tracing the origins: miscegenation, moral degeneracy and genetics

Miscegenation and moral degeneracy

Do Races Ever Amalgamate?

37

(2)

Robert Knox

Recapitulation: The Respective Characteristics of the Three Great Races; the Superiority of the White Type, and, within this Type, of the Aryan Family

39

(3)

Joseph Arthur de Count Gobineau

Hybridity of Animals, Viewed in Connection with the Natural History of Mankind

42

(5)

Josiah Clark Nott

George Robins Gliddon

On the Races of Men: . . . The Effects of Crossing

47

(5)

Charles Darwin

Comparative Elements of Civilization

52

(2)

Martin R. Delany

The Amalgam He Represents and His Significance for the Study of Race

54

(3)

Melville Herskovits

The Hybrid as a Sociological Type

57

(2)

Edward Byron Reuter

God's Own Chillun

59

(6)

Cedric Dover

The Racial Hybrid

65

(4)

Everett V. Stonequist

Crossing the Boundary: The Marginal Man

69

(4)

Frank Furedi

The `Half-Caste' Pathology

73

(7)

Paul Rich

Nazi-Sterilization of Afro-Germans

80

(17)

Clarence Lusane

Suggestions for further reading

91

(6)

Genetics

American Anthropological Association Statement on `Race'

97

(3)

Genetics and the Biology of Race Crossing

100

(16)

William B. Provine

Genetics, Identity and the Anthropology of Essentialism

116

(7)

Paul Brodwin

DNA, Blood and Racializing the Tribe

123

(16)

Kimberly TallBear

Suggestions for further reading

131

(8)

PART TWO Mapping contemporary and foundational discourses: `mixed race', identities politics and celebration

La Conciencia De La Mestiza: Towards a New Consciousness

139

(4)

Gloria Anzaldua

Within, Between, and Beyond Race

143

(6)

Maria P.P. Root

The Illogic of American Racial Categories

149

(4)

Paul R. Spickard

Black, White, and Gray: Words, Words, Words

153

(5)

Naomi Zack

Race, Biraciality, and Mixed Race

158

(8)

Lewis R. Gordon

Race-Ing and Being Raced: The Critical Interrogation of `Passing'

166

(5)

Teresa Kay Williams

Introduction

171

(5)

William S. Penn

Into the Mix

176

(7)

Carol Camper

Let Blackness and Whiteness Wash Through: Competing Discourses on BI-Racialization and the Compulsion of Genealogical Erasures

183

(22)

Jayne O. Ifekwunigwe

Suggestions for further reading

195

(10)

PART THREE Debating definitions: multiraciality, census categories and critiques

The census and categories

The Mulatto Millennium

205

(4)

Danzy Senna

Is Biracial Enough (or, What's This About a Multiracial Category on the Census?: A Conversation)

209

(5)

Lisa Jones

Will the Census Go Multiracial?

214

(5)

Philip Tajitsu Nash

Thinking About Transcending Race

219

(6)

Rainier Spencer

Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: Census 2000 Brief

225

(19)

Elizabeth M. Grieco

Rachel C. Cassidy

`Mixed Race' in Official Statistics

244

(6)

Charlie Owen

Office for National Statistics Census 2001 -- Ethnicity and Religion in England and Wales (2002)

250

(5)

The Conceptualisation and Categorisation of Mixed Race/Ethnicity in Britain and North America: Identity Options and the Role of the State

255

(8)

Peter Aspinall

Suggestions for further reading

259

(4)

Multiraciality and critiques

Do Multiracial Subjects Really Challenge Race?: Mixed Race Asians in the United States and the Caribbean

263

(8)

Steven Masami Ropp

Servants of Culture: The Symbolic Role of Mixed-Race Asians in American Discourse

271

(5)

Cynthia L. Nakashima

Y Tu ¿ Que? (Y2K): Latino History in the New Millennium

276

(7)

George G. Sanchez

The New Millennium: Toward a New Master Racial Project and Epilogue: Beyond Black or White: A New United States Racial Project

283

(12)

G. Reginald Daniel

The Last Plantation

295

(8)

Itabari Njeri

Assessing Multiracial Identity

303

(10)

Mark Christian

Same Difference: Towards a More Unified Discourse in `Mixed Race' Theory

313

(8)

Minelle Mahtani

April Moreno

Suggestions for further reading

318

(3)

Index

321

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