Modeling And Simulation for Rf System Design

by Frevert, Ronny; Haase, Joachim; Jancke, Roland; Knochel, Uwe; Schwarz, Peter

• ISBN13: 9780387275840
• ISBN10: 0387275843
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-12-30
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

Modern telecommunication systems are highly complex from an algorithmic point of view. The complexity continues to increase due to advanced modulation schemes, multiple protocols and standards, as well as additional functionality such as personal organizers or navigation aids.To have short and reliable design cycles, efficient verification methods and tools are necessary. Modeling and simulation need to accompany the design steps from the specification to the overall system verification in order to bridge the gaps between system specification, system simulation, and circuit level simulation. Very high carrier frequencies together with long observation periods result in extremely large computation times and requires, therefore, specialized modeling methods and simulation tools on all design levels.The focus of the book lies on RF specific modeling and simulation methods and the consideration of system and circuit level descriptions. It contains application-oriented training material for RF designers which combines the presentation of a mixed-signal design flow, an introduction into the powerful standardized hardware description languages VHDL-AMS and Verilog-A, and the application of commercially available simulators.Models are provided on a CD-ROM included with the book because models are necessary to reproduce, understand and explore the real world behavior on a simulation platform. The book is addressed to graduate students and industrial professionals who are engaged in communication system design and want to gain insight into the system structure by own simulation experiences.The authors are experts in design, modeling and simulation of communication systems engaged at the Nokia Research Center (Bochum, Germany) and the Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Branch Lab Design Automation (Dresden, Germany).

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
Design Flow Overview	p. 7
Design Levels	p. 7
Top-down System Design	p. 9
Bottom-up Verification	p. 11
Simulation Tools in System Design	p. 15
Use of Simulation Tools within the Design Flow	p. 15
Specific Simulation Algorithms of RF Simulators	p. 17
Criteria of the Simulator Selection	p. 21
Internet Resources for Simulation Tools	p. 23
System Level Modeling	p. 25
System Level Simulation	p. 25
Simulation Technology of System Level Simulators	p. 26
Complex Baseband Simulation	p. 27
Principle	p. 27
Example for baseband simulation	p. 30
Restrictions and advantages of baseband modeling	p. 30
Model Libraries for System Simulation	p. 31
Creation of Own Primitive and Hierarchical Models	p. 33
SPW modeling example	p. 33
VHDL-AMS for Block Level Simulation	p. 39
Introduction	p. 39
VHDL-AMS Standardization	p. 40
A Simple Block Level Example - Analog PLL	p. 41
Mathematical models of basic blocks	p. 42
Structural description of the PLL circuit in VHDL-AMS	p. 44
VHDL-AMS description of basic blocks	p. 47
Summary	p. 50
Introduction to VHDL-AMS	p. 51
Aim of this Introduction	p. 51
Repetition of Basics of VHDL 1076-1993	p. 52
Design units	p. 52
Logical libraries and compilation of design units	p. 56
Concurrent statements	p. 60
A simple pure digital example - divider	p. 65
Conservative Systems Description	p. 66
Network analysis problem	p. 67
Nature, terminal and branch quantity declarations	p. 71
Simultaneous statements and free quantity declarations	p. 78
Example of a conservative system - A-law companding	p. 85
Attributes in VHDL-AMS	p. 88
Example - higher order lowpass filter	p. 103
Description of Nonconservative Systems	p. 105
Mixed-Signal Simulation	p. 107
Attributes for mixed-signal modeling	p. 108
Mixed-signal simulation cycle	p. 114
Analysis Domains	p. 116
Supported domains	p. 116
Small-signal and noise domain simulation	p. 118
Summary	p. 124
Selected RF Blocks in VHDL-AMS	p. 127
Library Overview	p. 127
Signal Sources	p. 128
Independent sources	p. 128
Modulated sources	p. 130
Wobble generator	p. 133
Pseudorandom binary source	p. 135
Basic RF Building Blocks	p. 137
Low-noise amplifier	p. 137
Mixer	p. 142
Charge pump	p. 146
Analog VCO	p. 150
Digital VCO	p. 153
Filters	p. 157
Switch	p. 163
General n-bit A/D and D/A converter	p. 164
Simple channel	p. 169
Measurement and Observation Units	p. 174
Peak detector	p. 174
Frequency measurement unit	p. 175
Power meter	p. 178
Block Level Example of a Linear PLL	p. 183
Macromodeling in VHDL-AMS	p. 191
Introduction	p. 191
General Methodology	p. 191
Input and Output Stages	p. 194
Input stages	p. 194
Output stages	p. 197
OpAmp Macromodel	p. 199
Complex Example: Wlan Receiver	p. 203
Introduction	p. 203
Example Specification	p. 204
Example Modeling	p. 207
Example Calibration	p. 211
Example Verification	p. 214
Modeling of Analog Blocks in Verilog-A	p. 219
Introduction	p. 219
Writing Custom Behavioral Models	p. 220
Verilog-A principles	p. 220
LNA modeling example	p. 222
Creating a Verilog-A model	p. 226
Overview of the Cadence Model Library rfLib	p. 231
Modeling and Simulation of a WLAN Receiver	p. 236
WLAN receiver modeling using Cadence libraries	p. 237
Simulation of the WLAN receiver	p. 240
Characterization for Bottom-Up Verification	p. 247
Concept of Characterization	p. 247
RF Characteristics and Parameters	p. 248
Application of Characterization	p. 252
Example Characterization of an LNA	p. 254
Characterization Environment	p. 258
Characterization Using the OCEAN Script Language	p. 262
Creation of the testbench schematic	p. 262
Analysis settings and simulation	p. 263
Combination and extension of the OCEAN scripts	p. 266
Advanced Methods for Overall System Specification and Validation	p. 271
Gap between System Level and Block Level Simulation	p. 271
File Coupling of Simulators	p. 272
Direct Cosimulation of System Level and Analog Simulators	p. 273
Generated Black Box Models	p. 279
References	p. 285
Index	p. 287
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.