Modern Earth Science

by Ramsey, William L.; Phillips, Clifford R.

• ISBN13: 9780030044496
• ISBN10: 0030044499
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1989-01-01
• Publisher: Holt Rinehart & Winston

Table of Contents

Unit 1 Studying the Earth
Introduction to Earth Science
What is Earth Science?	3	(6)
Paths to Discovery: Scientific Methods	9	(5)
Birth of a Theory: The Big Bang	14	(7)
The Earth in Space
Earth: A Unique Planet	21	(6)
Movements of the Earth	27	(6)
Artificial Satellites	33	(6)
Models of the Earth
Finding Locations on the Earth	39	(3)
Mapping the Earth's Surface	42	(4)
Topographic Maps	46	(11)
Unit 2 The Dynamic Earth
Plate Tectonics
Continental Drift	57	(5)
The Theory of Plate Tectonics	62	(9)
Deformation of the Crust
How the Crust Is Deformed	71	(2)
The Results of Stress	73	(3)
Mountain Formation	76	(9)
Earthquakes
Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics	85	(4)
Recording Earthquakes	89	(3)
Earthquake Damage	92	(9)
Volcanoes
Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics	101	(3)
Volcanic Eruptions	104	(6)
Extraterrestrial Volcanism	110	(7)
Unit 3 Composition of the Earth
Earth Chemistry
Matter	117	(8)
Combinations of Atoms	125	(8)
Minerals of the Earth's Crust
What Is a Mineral?	133	(6)
Identifying Minerals	139	(10)
Rocks
Rocks and the Rock Cycle	149	(3)
Igneous Rock	152	(4)
Sedimentary Rock	156	(5)
Metamorphic Rock	161	(6)
Resources and Energy
Mineral Resources	167	(3)
Fossil Fuels	170	(4)
Nuclear Energy	174	(2)
Alternate Energy Sources	176	(9)
Unit 4 Reshaping the Crust
Weathering and Erosion
Weathering Processes	185	(5)
Rates of Weathering	190	(3)
Weathring and Soil	193	(4)
Erosion	197	(10)
Water and Erosion
The Water Cycle	207	(4)
River Systems	211	(5)
Stream Deposition	216	(7)
Groundwater and Erosion
Water Beneath the Surface	223	(5)
Wells and Springs	228	(3)
Groundwater and Chemical Weathering	231	(6)
Glaciers and Erosion
Glaciers: Moving Ice	237	(5)
Landforms Created by Glaciers	242	(7)
Ice Ages	249	(6)
Erosion by Wind and Waves
Wind Erosion	255	(5)
Wave Erosion	260	(5)
Coastal Erosion and Deposition	265	(10)
Unit 5 The History of the Earth
The Rock Record
Determining Relative Age	275	(4)
Determining Absolute Age	279	(7)
The Fossil Record	286	(9)
A View of the Earth's Past
The Geologic Time Scale	295	(2)
Geologic History	297	(16)
The History of the Continents
Movements of the Continents	313	(5)
Growth of a Continent: North America	318	(4)
Formation of the Grand Canyon	322	(9)
Unit 6 Oceans
The Ocean Basins
The Water Planet	331	(4)
Features of the Ocean Basins	335	(6)
Ocean-Basin Sediments	341	(6)
Ocean Water
Properties of Ocean Water	347	(6)
Life in the Oceans	353	(4)
Ocean Resources	357	(8)
Movements of the Ocean
Ocean Currents	365	(6)
Ocean Waves	371	(6)
Behavior of Tides	377	(10)
Unit 7 Atmospheric Forces
The Atmosphere
Characteristics of the Atmosphere	387	(8)
Solar Energy and the Atmosphere	395	(6)
Winds	401	(8)
Water in the Atmosphere
Atmospheric Moisture	409	(5)
Clouds and Fog	414	(5)
Precipitation	419	(8)
Weather
Air Masses	427	(3)
Fronts	430	(7)
Weather Instruments	437	(3)
Forecasting the Weather	440	(9)
Climate
Factors That Affect Climate	449	(6)
Climate Zones	455	(12)
Unit 8 Studying Space
Stars and Galaxies
Characteristics of Stars	467	(8)
Stellar Evolution	475	(6)
Star Groups	481	(8)
The Sun
Structure of the Sun	489	(5)
Solar Activity	494	(4)
Formation of the Solar System	498	(9)
The Solar System
Models of the Solar System	507	(3)
The Inner Planets	510	(4)
The Outer Planets	514	(8)
Asteroids, Comets, and Meteoroids	522	(7)
Moons and Rings
Earth's Moon	529	(6)
Movements of the Moon	535	(5)
The Lunar Cycle	540	(4)
Satellites of Other Planets	544	(6)
Reference	550