The Modern Middle East

by PappT,Ilan

• ISBN13: 9780415214094
• ISBN10: 0415214092
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-07-12
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

This is the first introductory textbook on the modern Middle East to foreground the urban, rural, cultural and women's histories of the region over its political and economic history. Distancing himself from more modernizationist approaches, the author is concerned with the ideological question of whom we investigate in the past rather than how we investigate the past. This is a ground-breaking contribution to a more comprehensive view of the region in a post-September 11th world. Ilan Pappe begins his narrative at the end of the First World War with the Ottoman heritage, and concludes at the end of the twentieth century with the political discourse of Islam. The Modern Middle East: * includes a carefully argued introduction which discusses the methodology used in the textbook * provides a thematic and comparative approach to the region, helping students to see the peoples of the Middle East and the developments that affect their lives as part of a larger world * includes insights gained fromnew historiographical trends and takes a critical approach to conventional state- and nation-centered historiographies * includes case studies, debates, maps, photos, an up-to-date bibliography and a glossarial index. Accessible and original,The Modern Middle Eastwill be essential reading for introductory students on history or politics courses as well as for journalists and those working in the region.

Table of Contents

List of illustrations	ix
Preface	xi
Introduction: Whose `modern times'?	1	(1)
Theories of modernization	2	(7)
Alternative views?	9	(6)
Political history	15	(24)
The Ottoman heritage	15	(4)
The colonial heritage	19	(2)
The shaping of the map, 1918--45	21	(6)
The great evacuation, 1945--62	27	(2)
Under the shadow of Palestine, 1967--87	29	(6)
A unipower world, 1987--2000	35	(4)
Economic history	39	(20)
The urge to transform, 1850--1918	41	(2)
Integrating into the world economy, 1918--45	43	(2)
Hope and its demise, 1945--72	45	(4)
Openness and its price, 1974--91	49	(3)
The waning magic of oil	52	(7)
The rural history of the Middle East in the twentieth century	59	(54)
The fast pace of change: the end of self-subsistence and autonomy	61	(7)
The colonial invasion of rural space	68	(6)
Under the yoke or blessing of independence	74	(3)
The anatomy of failure	77	(11)
The balance sheet of the Green Revolution	88	(5)
The slow pace of history: recurring patterns of rural and tribal life	93	(1)
The history of the clan and the family	93	(4)
Ruralization versus urbanization: the transformation of values, hierarchies and social structures	97	(1)
The case of Shaykh Ahmad al-Alawi	98	(1)
The transformation of tribal space in the twentieth century	99	(6)
The ambivalent history of tribalism and kinship	105	(5)
Conclusions	110	(3)
Urban history	113	(50)
Questions of categorization	115	(2)
The demographic factor	117	(5)
The working class and labour	122	(2)
The history of trade unionism and communism: the first half of the twentieth century	124	(2)
The Egyptian case	126	(1)
The unique case of Iraq	127	(3)
Missed opportunities in Palestine	130	(1)
Trade unionism under independence: the case of North Africa	131	(2)
The historiographical debate over trade unionism	133	(2)
The history of the urban middle class: the late nineteenth century	135	(1)
The politicization of the notables and middle class: effendis and pashas	135	(4)
A changing political culture: the loss of the multicultural city	139	(2)
Urban political culture under independence	141	(4)
New faces to the Middle Eastern city	145	(3)
The preoccupation with security	148	(3)
Living under the threat of nationalization	151	(4)
Survival mechanisms and networks	155	(2)
The new face of the city: the history of the unemployed	157	(6)
Popular culture: music, dance and poetry	163	(20)
Music in the twentieth century	165	(1)
The Egyptian trio	166	(7)
The Ra'i heritage	173	(1)
The modern history of the ud	174	(2)
Dancing with the living and the dead	176	(3)
The poetics of the century	179	(4)
The history of the written word	183	(24)
The press revolution, 1815--1900	184	(3)
The novel: early beginnings	187	(2)
The place of Naguib Mahfouz	189	(3)
The short novel	192	(1)
Motifs of the twentieth century	193	(4)
Freedom of speech and writing	197	(5)
The language of culture	202	(5)
Theatre, cinema, radio and television	207	(16)
The stage	207	(8)
The history of film	215	(3)
The electronic media revolution	218	(5)
Histories of Middle Eastern women	223	(46)
The construction of an autonomous space	225	(7)
Men in the service of feminism	232	(7)
`Women worthies'	239	(6)
Nationalism and feminism	245	(9)
Women and political Islam	254	(8)
Economic change and the position of women	262	(7)
The many faces of Islam in the twenty-first century	269	(22)
Political Islam as an intellectual discourse	270	(11)
The personal space of Islamic traditions	281	(4)
Iran: the exception or the rule?	285	(6)
The globalized Middle East in the twenty-first century: three final aspects	291	(12)
Prospects for a new economic future?	291	(2)
The perils of over-urbanization: the basis for future unrest and revolutions?	293	(3)
The struggle for the soul: the new media and the challenge of political Islam	296	(3)
The future: saints, libraries and satellites	299	(4)
Notes	303	(17)
Bibliography	320	(13)
Picture credits	333	(1)
Index	334