The Modern Middle East A Sourcebook

by Amin, Camron; Fortna, Benjamin C.; Frierson, Elizabeth B.

• ISBN13: 9780199262090
• ISBN10: 0199262098
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-06-01
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

The Modern Middle East is a collection of translated sources covering the period from 1700 to the present. Sources include official and private archives, the periodical press, memoirs, western journalists' and travellers' accounts, literature, and official reports (including statistical data).Each document has been prefaced, translated and annotated by a specialist in the particular history and culture from which it was drawn. Enough information is provided so that every student can appreciate the value of a document and begin a further exploration either of its specific historicalcontext or its relationship to broader themes in modern Middle Eastern history, whilst scholars will find it of value for its use in teaching and discussion. Themes covered include the expansion of state power, changing gender roles, religious revival, nationalist mobilization, increasingparticipation in a wider global culture and economy, and the redefinition of traditions and identities.

Author Biography

Benjamin Fortna has studied at Yale University, Columbia University, and the University of Chicago. In 1996 and 1997 he was visiting lecturer in Islamic History at the Washington University in St Louis. He is currently Lecturer in the Modern History of the Middle East at the School of Oriental and African Studies, London. Camron Amin studied at the universities of Chicago and Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He has been teaching Middle Eastern History at the University of Michigan-Dearborn since 1997 and is the author of several studies on modern Iran. Elizabeth B. Frierson studied at the Universities of Vermont and Princeton. She has lectured at the University of New Hampshire and Princeton University, and was a visiting scholar at Cornell University. She is currently Associate Professor of History at the University of Cincinnati.

Table of Contents

List of illustrations	xxi
Notes on contributors	xxii
Maps	xxxii
1. State and society	1	(96)
Introduction	1	(2)
1.1 A provincial treasurer reports, c.1674	3	(4)
Mark L. Stein
1.2 An Armenian account of the Ottoman siege of Erevan, 1724	7	(11)
George Bournoutian
1.3 Concord and harmony among Ottoman provincial governors: a grand vizier's advice and warning: Abdullah Pasa, 1749	18	(4)
From the Islamfiche prOject
1.4 Negotiating the power of the sultan: the Ottoman Sened-i Ittifak (Deed of Agreement), 1808	22	(9)
Ali AkyildzIz and M. Sükrü Hanioglu
1.5 Creating new institutions: Clot Bey's organization of Egypt's first modern medical establishment, 1827-1837	31	(8)
Robert G. Landen
1.6 Observing Muhammad cAli Pasa and his administration at work, 1843-1846	39	(4)
Paul Sedra
1.7 A manifesto for educational reform in Qajar Iran, 1859	43	(5)
Monica Ringer
1.8 Discipline in a late Ottoman provincial secondary school, 1903	48	(5)
Benjamin C. Fortna
1.9 An Armenian-Iranian promoted to Amir Tuman of the Persian Cossack Brigade: firman of Mohammad cAli Shah Qajar, 1908	53	(4)
David Yaghoubian
1.10 Wahhabi culama and the state in Saudi Arabia, 1927	57	(5)
Guido Steinberg
1.11 Crime and society in Iran: press and court transcripts, 1934	62	(3)
Cyrus Schayegh
1.12 A protest of the Jewish women workers of Palestine against the new municipal ordinance which deprives the women of Palestine of their civic rights, 1934	65	(3)
Ellen L. Fleischmann
1.13 The rise of mass doctrinal parties: the program of Hasan al-Banna and the Muslim Brotherhood, 1936	68	(5)
Robert G. Landen
1.14 Jamal cAbd al-Nasir (Gamal Abd al-Nasser): from Egypt's Liberation, 1953	73	(12)
From the Islamfiche project
1.15 The Program of the Beth (Arab Socialist Resurrection) Party, 1963	85	(6)
Robert G. Landen
Selected bibliography	91	(6)
2. Press, media, and society	97	(58)
Introduction	97	(2)
2.1 'The Statement of Purpose' of an early official gazette in Qajar Iran, 1851	99	(2)
Camron Michael Amin
2.2 Nationalist imagery in Egypt's tabloid presses: a drawing from the Egyptian Papagallo, 1904	101	(3)
Indira Falk Gesink
2.3 'The world of journalism, or the reasons for the establishment of the newspaper To'jjor', 1907	104	(4)
Adeeb Khalid
2.4 The aftermath of revolution in the Ottoman cartoon space, 1909-1910	108	(4)
Palmira Brummett
2.5 Seruan Azhar: a paper published by Southeast Asian students in Cairo, 1925	112	(4)
Michael Laffan
2.6 Journalism in Egypt in the 1920's and 1930's: from The Education of Salama Musa, 1947	116	(11)
From the Islamfiche project
2.7 Cartoon from the satirical Turkish weekly comic LeMan entitled 'Sözde Mini Öykü...' ('A So-Called Short Story'), 27 January 2001	127	(5)
Matthew Elliot
2.8 From the Internet magazine, The Iranian, 25 January 2002: a debate on the legacy of the Persepolis celebrations of 1971	132	(20)
Cyrus Kadivar and Jahanshah Javid
Selected bibliography	152	(3)
3. Gender and society	155	(70)
Introduction	155	(2)
3.1 A view of Indian Muslim womanhood from Hali's Majalis un-Nissa, 1874	157	(17)
Gail Minault
3.2 'Should a woman demand all the rights of a man?' From the Cairo periodical, Al-Hilal, 1894	174	(4)
Sarah Gualtieri
3.3 Two Ottoman officials on gender and class in early twentieth-century Nablus, 1916	178	(6)
Weldon C. Matthews
3.4 Excerpts from Antun al-Gamayyil's textbook, Al-Fatat wa'l-Bayt ('The Young Woman and the Home'), 1916	184	(7)
Mona Russell
3.5 The Turkish 'Modern Woman': two press articles, 1924 and 1926	191	(10)
Carole Woodall
3.6 Gender, morality, and state policy in modern Iran: a Ministry of Education memorandum, 1935	201	(4)
Camron Michael Amin
3.7 Interview of a deputation of the Arab Women's Committee in Jerusalem at Government House on Thursday, 24 March 1938	205	(9)
Ellen L. Fleischmann
3.8 Two views of women fighters during the Algerian War of National Liberation, 1957	214	(7)
Ryme Seferdjeli
Selected bibliography	221	(4)
4. Religion and society	225	(78)
Introduction	225	(1)
4.1 An intellectual biography of a religious scholar in Ottoman Damascus: from Ismailcal-Ajluni's 'The Finest and Most Perfect of Men who are Connected by Chains of Transmission to all other Fine Men', 1737	226	(5)
Steve Tamari
4.2 Three letters from Imam Shama to his followers, 1834-1858	231	(2)
Ernest Tucker
4.3 Kemal Atatürk on the abolition of the Ottoman caliphate, 3 March 1924	233	(6)
Robert G. Landen
4.4 An appeal from the Iraq Minorities (non-Muslim) Rescue Committee, 1931	239	(5)
Nelida Fuccaro
4.5 From the Javid-namaeh of Muhammad Iqbal, 1932	244	(18)
From the Islamfiche project
4.6 Reporting the news with an Islamic revivalist twist: excerpts from The Banner of Islam, 1946	262	(6)
Camron Michael Amin
4.7 The Committee for Public Morality in Saudi Arabia, 1957	268	(5)
Guido Steinberg
4.8 Twelver Shicism and revolutionary Islam in Iran: from cAli Sharicati's, Approaches to the Understanding of Islam, 1968	273	(11)
From the Islamfiche project
4.9 Israel at fifty: the cultural war in the pages of Ha'aretz and the Jerusalem Post, 1998	284	(8)
Danny Ben-Moshe
4.10 Osama bin Laden's use of history: an audiotape released in early 2004	292	(7)
Benjamin C. Fortna
Selected bibliography	299	(4)
5. Modern identities	303	(84)
Introduction	303	(2)
5.1 On justice towards peasants: from Rifaca Rafic al-Tahtawi's Paths of Egyptian Minds in the Delights of Modern Culture, 1869	305	(6)
Juan R.I. Cole
5.2 An official report on efforts to re-establish Ottoman control over Kuwait, 1870	311	(3)
Frederick Anscombe
5.3 Nationalism, Ottomanism, pluralism, humanism: extracts from the Sufi writing of Abu'l-Huda al-Sayyadi, 1903	314	(6)
Thomas Eich
5.4 Excerpts from Üç Tarz-i Siyaset (Three Kinds of Politics') by Akçuraoglu Yusuf, 1904	320	(11)
Barak Salmoni
5.5 Pan-Asianism in the late Ottoman Empire, 1905-1912	331	(8)
Renée Worringer
5.6 Armenian and Iranian collaboration in the constitutional revolution: the agreement between Dashnakists and Majlis delegates, 1908	339	(5)
Houri Berberian
5.7 Excerpts from Ahmet Agaoglu's The Turkish World, 1912-1913	344	(6)
A. Holly Shissler
5.8 Separdic Zionism in the Ottoman Empire: 'The Time is Here', Ha-Herut, 1 April 1914	350	(3)
Abigail Jacobson
5.9 Interview with Boubeddi Ben Ayyad, a Moroccan World War II veteran of the French Army, 1999	353	(7)
Moshe Gershovich
5.10 Iran and the National Front, a speech by Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddeq, 27 September 1951	360	(8)
Robert G. Landen
5.11 Anwar al-Sadat's speech to the Israeli Knesset, 1977	368	(14)
From the Islamfiche project
Selected bibliography	382	(5)
6. Views of the world	387	(78)
Introduction	387	(1)
6.1 Letters from Nader Shah to the Ottoman Court, 1736	388	(7)
Ernest Tucker
6.2 Ottoman–Iranian marriage and the Ottoman legal code, 1822-1926	395	(6)
Karen M. Kern
6.3 The journals of an Ottoman student in England, July 1829 to January 1830	401	(5)
Paul Sedra
6.4 The young Ottoman: Narmk Kemal's 'Progress', 1872	406	(5)
Robert G. Landen
6.5 The West through the eyes of an Iranian Qajar monarch: Naser al-Din Shah's first trip to Europe, 1873	411	(5)
Robert G. Landen
6.6 The battle for British public opinion on Turkey and the Eastern Question: two documents, 1876 and 1904	416	(12)
Nazan Çiçek
6.7 Ismail Gaspirali and Tatar emigration from Russia to the Ottoman Empire, 1902-1903	428	(4)
Brian Glyn Williams
6.8 Conceptualizing modernity in late Ottoman times: Japan as a model nation, 1902-1913	432	(9)
Renée Worringer
6.9 The Ottoman home front, a German correspondent's remarks, 1917	441	(3)
Robert G. Landen
6.10 Muslim state participation in UN human rights debates, 1946-1966	444	(12)
Susan Waltz
6.11 The Lebanese community of Dearborn, Michigan, 1975-2000	456	(5)
Ronald R. Stockton
Selected bibliography	461	(4)
7. Redefining tradition	465	(52)
Introduction	465	(1)
7.1 A late Ottoman style of architectural poetry: Tevarih-i manzume, 1796	466	(5)
Shirine Hamadeh
7.2 Imams in the reformed army of Mahmud uniform regulations from Ottoman military archives, c.1827	471	(6)
Halil Ibrahim Erbay
7.3 Science in religious education: a fatwa from Cairo, 1888	477	(5)
Indira Falk Gesink
7.4 A memorial to a young Assyrian refugee, 1922	482	(3)
Eden Naby
7.5 The Brigadier and the Imam: two commemorative poems from Iran, 1928 and 1989	485	(7)
Paul E. Losensky
7.6 Three poems on British involvement in Yemen, from the Yemeni press, 1937	492	(9)
Flagg Miller and Ulrike Freitag
7.7 Taha Husayn: revolt against tradition, from Al-Ayyam (The Days), 1939	501	(14)
From the Islamfiche project
Selected bibliography	515	(2)
8. Economic change	517	(121)
Part 1: Economic data	519	(42)
Michael Twomey
Introduction	519	(2)
Statistical tables and comments	521	(37)
Selected bibliography	558	(3)
Part 2: The cultural impact of economic change	561	(75)
Introduction	561	(1)
8.1 The barber of Damascus: Ahmad Budayri al-Hallaq's chronicle of the year 1749	562	(7)
Steve Tamari
8.2 Six Ottoman documents on the power of guilds in the Balkans, 1760's	569	(6)
Frederick Anscombe
8.3 Economic change: Muhammad cAli's development schemes in Egypt and Syria, 1834 and 1837	575	(9)
Robert G. Landen
8.4 Financial imperialism and its relationship to development; the Ottoman Public Debt Administration, 1881-1925	584	(10)
Robert G. Landen
8.5 Development concessions, the D'Arcy Concession for Iranian oil, 29 May 1901	594	(5)
Robert G. Landen
8.6 Memento of a life, by Haj Mohammad Hosayn Amin al-Zarb II, 1928	599	(24)
Shireen Mandavi
8.7 The population as a national economic resource: an Iranian press article, 1937	623	(4)
Cyrus Schayegh
8.8 Diplomatic and court perspectives on the 'White Revolution' in Iran, 1958-1971	627	(9)
Ali M. Ansari
Selected bibliography	636	(2)
Glossary	638	(3)
Index	641