Modern Raman Spectroscopy : A Practical Approach

by Smith, Ewen; Dent, Geoffrey

• ISBN13: 9780471497943
• ISBN10: 0471497940
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-02-04
• Publisher: WILEY

Summary

This book reflects the dramatic increase in the number of Raman spectrometers being sold to and used by non-expert practitioners. It contains coverage of Resonance Raman and SERS, two hot areas of Raman, in a form suitable for the non-expert. Builds Raman theory up in stages without overloading the reader with complex theory Includes two chapters on instrumentation and interpretation that shows how Raman spectra can be obtained and interpreted Explains the potential of using Raman spectroscopy in a wide variety of applications Includes detailed, but concise information and worked examples

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Acknowledgements	xi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION, BASIC THEORY AND PRINCIPLES	1	(22)
1.1 Introduction	1	(1)
1.2 Basic Theory	2	(6)
1.3 Molecular Vibrations	8	(12)
1.4 Summary	20	(3)
CHAPTER 2 THE RAMAN EXPERIMENT - RAMAN INSTRUMENTATION, SAMPLE PRESENTATION, DATA HANDLING AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF INTERPRETATION	23	(48)
2.1 Introduction	23	(1)
2.2 Choice of Instrument	24	(1)
2.3 Visible Excitation	24	(6)
2.4 NIR Excitation	30	(1)
2.5 Raman Sample Preparation and Handling	31	(10)
2.6 Sample Mounting Accessories	41	(4)
2.7 Microscopy	45	(6)
2.8 Calibration	51	(2)
2.9 Data Handling, Manipulation and Quantitation	53	(8)
2.10 Approach to Qualitative Interpretation	61	(6)
2.11 Summary	67	(4)
CHAPTER 3 THE THEORY OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY	71	(22)
3.1 Introduction	71	(1)
3.2 Absorption and Scattering	72	(2)
3.3 States of a System and Hooke's Law	74	(2)
3.4 The Nature of Polarizability and the Measurement of Polarization	76	(4)
3.5 The Basic Selection Rule	80	(1)
3.6 Number and Symmetry of Vibrations	80	(2)
3.7 Symmetry Elements and Point Groups	82	(4)
3.8 The Mutual Exclusion Rule	86	(1)
3.9 The Kramer Heisenberg Dirac Expression	86	(4)
3.10 Lattice Modes	90	(1)
3.11 Conclusions	91	(2)
CHAPTER 4 RESONANCE RAMAN SCATTERING	93	(20)
4.1 Introduction	93	(1)
4.2 Theoretical Aspects	94	(7)
4.3 Practical Aspects	101	(2)
4.4 Examples of the Use of Resonance Raman Scattering	103	(9)
4.5 Conclusions	112	(1)
CHAPTER 5 SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN SCATTERING AND SURFACE-ENHANCED RESONANCE RAMAN SCATTERING	113	(22)
5.1 Introduction	113	(3)
5.2 Theory	116	(1)
5.3 Electromagnetic and Charge Transfer Enhancement	117	(4)
5.4 Selection Rules	121	(1)
5.5 Applications of SERS	122	(4)
5.6 Applications of SERRS	126	(1)
5.7 The Basic Method	127	(8)
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS	135	(46)
6.1 Introduction	135	(1)
6.2 Inorganics and Minerals	135	(8)
6.3 Art and Archaeology	143	(1)
6.4 Polymers and Emulsions	143	(6)
6.5 Colour	149	(9)
6.6 Electronics Applications	158	(2)
6.7 Biological and Pharmaceutical Applications	160	(6)
6.8 Forensic Applications	166	(1)
6.9 Plant Control and Reaction Following	167	(5)
6.10 Summary	172	(9)
CHAPTER 7 MORE ADVANCED RAMAN SCATTERING TECHNIQUES	181	(22)
7.1 Flexible Optics	182	(5)
7.2 Tuneable Lasers, Frequency Doubling and Pulsed Lasers	187	(2)
7.3 Spatially Resolved Systems	189	(2)
7.4 Nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy	191	(5)
7.5 Time Resolved Scattering	196	(2)
7.6 Raman Optical Activity	198	(1)
7.7 UV Excitation	199	(2)
7.8 Conclusions	201	(2)
Index	203