Multicultural Education of Children and Adolescents

by Manning, M. Lee; Baruth, Leroy

• ISBN13: 9780205297603
• ISBN10: 0205297609
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-11-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

Multicultural Education of Children and Adolescents covers the five prevalent cultural groups and shows the components of responsive multicultural education programs. Focusing on African, Asian, European, Hispanic, and Native American cultures, this comprehensive text explores language, family, social class, and learning challenges. In this third edition, the authors have expanded the definition of multicultural education to include gays and lesbians, as well as individuals with disabilities. This is the only text that looks at both people with differing cultural backgrounds and the design and implementation of multicultural education programs.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
PART I Multicultural Education and Its Response to Our Nation's Increasing Diversity	1	(56)
Multicultural Education	3	(25)
Overview	3	(1)
Multicultural Education for Culturally Pluralistic Schools	3	(11)
Definition	4	(1)
Principles	5	(2)
Concepts	7	(1)
Goals	8	(1)
Assumptions	8	(2)
Myths and Misconceptions	10	(1)
A Brief Historical Overview	11	(1)
The Influence of Court Decisions	12	(1)
Interdisciplinary Approaches	13	(1)
The Effective Multicultural Educator	14	(9)
Challenges of Designing Multicultural Education Programs	15	(1)
Ethnocentrism	16	(1)
Developing Positive Cultural Identities	17	(1)
Racism	18	(3)
Stereotypes, Prejudices, and Generalizations	21	(1)
Myths and Realities	22	(1)
Understanding Learners from Culturally Different Backgrounds	22	(1)
Controversial Issues in Multicultural Education	23	(2)
Summing Up	25	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	25	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	26	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	26	(2)
An Increasingly Multicultural Society	28	(29)
Overview	28	(2)
Historical and Contemporary Perspectives	30	(1)
The Culturally Different: Demographics	31	(13)
African Americans	35	(1)
Asian Americans	36	(2)
European Americans and Other Cultural Groups	38	(1)
Hispanic Americans	39	(3)
Native Americans	42	(2)
Understanding Diversity	44	(6)
Culture	44	(1)
Race	44	(1)
Ethnicity	45	(1)
Gender	45	(2)
Sexual Orientation	47	(1)
Individual	48	(1)
Socioeconomic Factors	49	(1)
Challenges in a Culturally Diverse Society	50	(2)
The Cultural Deficit Model	50	(1)
The Cultural Mismatch Model	51	(1)
The Culturally Different Model	51	(1)
Understanding and Reducing Racism	52	(1)
Understanding and Dispelling Stereotypes	53	(1)
Helping Learners Develop Positive Cultural Identities	54	(1)
Summing Up	54	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	54	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	55	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	55	(2)
PART II Understanding Learners and Their Cultural Backgrounds	57	(136)
Understanding African American Children and Adolescents	59	(29)
Overview	60	(1)
Origins	60	(1)
African Americans Today	61	(2)
Stereotyping of African American Children and Adolescents	63	(1)
Cultural Characteristics	64	(10)
Gender	67	(1)
Socioeconomic Status	68	(2)
Families	70	(2)
Religion	72	(1)
Language	73	(1)
Achievement Levels	74	(5)
Language Problems	77	(2)
Learning Styles: Cultural Considerations	79	(3)
School Practices Impeding African Americans' Progress	80	(2)
Promoting Positive Self-Esteem and Cultural Identities	82	(3)
Summing Up	85	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	85	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	86	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	86	(1)
Expanding Your Students' Horizons: Appropriate African American Books for Children and Adolescents	87	(1)
Understanding Asian American Children and Adolescents	88	(26)
Overview	88	(1)
Origins	89	(1)
Asian Americans Today	90	(1)
Stereotyping of Asian American Children and Adolescents	90	(2)
Cultural Characteristics	92	(8)
Gender	94	(2)
Socioeconomic Status	96	(1)
Families	96	(2)
Religion	98	(1)
Language	99	(1)
Asian American Learners in the School	100	(10)
Achievement Levels	102	(3)
Language Problems	105	(1)
Learning Styles: Cultural Considerations	106	(1)
School Practices Impeding Asian Americans' Progress	106	(2)
Promoting Self-Esteem and Cultural Identities	108	(2)
Summing Up	110	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	110	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	111	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	111	(1)
Expanding Your Students' Horizons: Appropriate Asian American Books for Children and Adolescents	112	(2)
Understanding European American Children and Adolescents	114	(23)
Overview	114	(1)
Origins	115	(4)
European Americans Today	119	(2)
Stereotyping of European American Children and Adolescents	121	(1)
Cultural Characteristics	121	(7)
Gender	123	(1)
Socioeconomic Status	123	(1)
Families	123	(4)
Religion	127	(1)
Language	127	(1)
European American Learners in the School	128	(6)
Learning Styles: Cultural Considerations	130	(1)
School Practices Impeding European Americans' Progress	131	(1)
Promoting Self-Esteem and Cultural Identities	131	(3)
Summing Up	134	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	134	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	135	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	135	(1)
Expanding Your Students' Horizons: Appropriate European American Books for Children and Adolescents	136	(1)
Understanding Hispanic American Children and Adolescents	137	(28)
Overview	137	(1)
Origins	138	(1)
Hispanic Americans Today	139	(1)
Stereotyping of Hispanic American Children and Adolescents	140	(1)
Hispanic American Children and Adolescents	141	(8)
Cultural Characteristics	141	(3)
Gender	144	(1)
Socioeconomic Status	145	(1)
Families	145	(2)
Religion	147	(1)
Language	148	(1)
Hispanic American Learners in the School	149	(9)
Educators' Understanding of Hispanic Americans	149	(1)
Achievement Levels	149	(4)
Language Problems	153	(2)
Learning Styles: Cultural Considerations	155	(2)
School Practices Impeding Hispanic Americans' Progress	157	(1)
Promoting Self-Esteem and Positive Cultural Identities	158	(3)
Summing Up	161	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	161	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	162	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	162	(1)
Expanding Your Students' Horizons: Appropriate Hispanic American Books for Children and Adolescents	163	(2)
Understanding Native American Children and Adolescents	165	(28)
Overview	165	(1)
Origins	166	(1)
Native Americans Today	166	(1)
Stereotyping of Native American Children and Adolescents	167	(3)
Cultural Characteristics	170	(10)
Gender	174	(1)
Socioeconomic Status	174	(1)
Families	175	(2)
Religion	177	(1)
Language	178	(2)
Native American Learners in the School	180	(5)
Achievement Levels	183	(1)
Language Problems	184	(1)
Learning Styles: Cultural Considerations	185	(2)
School Practices Impeding Native Americans' Progress	185	(2)
Promoting Self-Esteem and Positive Cultural Identities	187	(2)
Summing Up	189	(1)
Suggestd Learning Activities	190	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	190	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	191	(1)
Expanding Your Students' Horizons: Appropriate Native American Books for Children and Adolescents	191	(2)
PART III Teaching and Learning in a Diverse Society	193	(144)
Curricular Efforts	195	(29)
Overview	195	(1)
Toward Cultural Diversity	196	(2)
The Illusion of Change and Progress	198	(1)
The Continuing Need for Change in Educational Practices	198	(1)
From Illusion to Reality: Responding to Racism, Discrimination, Ethnocentrism, and Stereotypes	199	(1)
Planning and Implementing a Multicultural Education Curriculum	200	(6)
The Total School Environment	200	(1)
Reform Efforts	201	(1)
Guidelines for Developing Multicultural Curricula	201	(3)
The Hidden Curriculum	204	(2)
Guidelines for a Multicultural Curriculum	206	(7)
Assessing the Need for Curricular Change	207	(1)
Selecting Bias-Free Curricular and Teaching and Learning Materials	208	(2)
Evaluating Curricular Efforts	210	(3)
A Multicultural Education Unit	213	(1)
Considerations	213	(1)
Example	214	(1)
The Unit: Unjust Treatment of People of Culturally Diverse Backgrounds	214	(4)
Rationale	214	(1)
Objectives and Activities	214	(1)
Language Arts	214	(1)
Mathematics	215	(1)
Science	215	(1)
Social Studies	215	(1)
Art	215	(1)
Music	216	(1)
Other Resources	216	(2)
Other Topics for Multicultural Units	218	(1)
Extending the Multicultural Education Curriculum	218	(2)
Parental and Community Involvement	218	(2)
Extracurricular Activities	220	(1)
Summing Up	221	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	221	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	222	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	222	(2)
Instructional Practices	224	(28)
Overview	224	(2)
Valuing Individual and Cultural Differences	226	(2)
Recognizing and Accepting Diversity	226	(2)
Effective Educators in Multicultural Settings	228	(3)
Knowledge	228	(1)
Attitudes	228	(2)
Skills	230	(1)
Behaviors Essential in Multicultural Classrooms	230	(1)
Educator Self-Evaluation	231	(2)
Organization and Instruction---Cultural Considerations	233	(6)
Ability Grouping	235	(1)
Cooperative Learning	235	(3)
Language Differences	238	(1)
The School Environment	239	(5)
Working toward a Multicultural School Environment	239	(5)
Promoting Self-Esteem and Positive Cultural Identities	244	(1)
Diversity among Faculty and Staff	245	(1)
Cultural Perspectives	245	(3)
Socioeconomic and Class Differences	245	(3)
The Role of Parents and Families	248	(1)
Learner Evaluation	248	(1)
Evaluating Learners' Progress	249	(1)
Summing Up	249	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	250	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	250	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	251	(1)
Individual and Cultural Differences	252	(26)
Overview	252	(1)
The Reality of Individual and Cultural Diversity	253	(1)
Differences and Their Influence on Learning	254	(4)
Achievement, Intelligence, and Cognitive Processes	254	(2)
Self-Esteem	256	(1)
Gender	257	(1)
Developmental Levls and Cognitive Readiness	258	(4)
Beliefs, Attitudes, and Values	259	(1)
Motivation	260	(2)
Socioeconomic Class	262	(1)
Exceptionalities	262	(3)
The Dangers of Labeling and Erroneous Placement	262	(2)
Disabling Conditions	264	(1)
Gifted and Talented	264	(1)
Language	265	(6)
Dialect Differences	266	(1)
Language and Culture: Inseparable Relationships	267	(1)
Multicultural Programs Emphasizing Language Diversity	267	(1)
Effective Strategies for Linguistically Different Learners	267	(2)
Bilingual Education and English as a Second Language	269	(2)
Celebrating and Responding to Cultural Diversity	271	(1)
Building Cultural Identities	272	(3)
Learning Styles	274	(1)
Summing Up	275	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	276	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	276	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	277	(1)
Parents and Families of Culturally Diverse Backgrounds	278	(28)
Overview	279	(1)
Involving and Educating Parents and Families	280	(4)
The Advantages of Parent Involvement and Education	280	(1)
Understanding Both Immediate and Extended Families	281	(1)
Reasons Parents Might Resist Teachers' Efforts	282	(2)
Understanding Cultural Diversity	284	(2)
Effective Parent Involvement Programs	286	(3)
Parents and Families of Culturally Different Backgrounds	288	(1)
Visiting Parents and Families in the Home	289	(1)
Communication	290	(2)
Involving Parents and Families as Volunteers	292	(2)
Parent-Teacher Conferences	294	(1)
Parent Advisory Councils	295	(2)
Parent and Family Education	297	(2)
Rationale for Parent Education Programs	297	(2)
Special Needs of Parents and Families	299	(4)
Formats of Parent Education Programs	300	(2)
Helping Parents Understand Their Roles and School Expectations	302	(1)
Summing Up	303	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	304	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	304	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	305	(1)
Administrators and Special School Personnel	306	(31)
Overview	307	(1)
Administrators, Faculty, and Staff: Toward Total School Efforts	308	(1)
The Roles of Administrators in Multicultural Education	308	(3)
From the Perspective of Classroom Educators: Working with Administrators	311	(1)
Evaluation of Administrators' Efforts and Commitment	312	(2)
The Role of Special Education in the Multicultural Education Program	314	(1)
Testing and Assessment	315	(1)
Legal Perspectives	316	(3)
From the Perspective of Classroom Educators: Working with Special-Education Teachers	317	(2)
Library Media Specialists	319	(4)
Selecting Culturally Appropriate Print and Nonprint Media	320	(1)
Coordinating Efforts with Classroom Educators	321	(1)
From the Perspective of Classroom Educators: Working with Library Media Specialists	321	(2)
Counselors' Roles in Multicultural Education	323	(6)
Understanding and Counseling	323	(1)
Native Americans	323	(1)
African Americans	323	(2)
Asian Americans	325	(1)
Hispanic Americans	325	(1)
European Americans	325	(1)
Testing and Assessment	326	(1)
From the Perspective of Classroom Educators: Working with Counselors	327	(2)
Communications Disorder Specialists	329	(4)
Roles in Multicultural Education	329	(2)
From the Perspective of Classroom Educators: Working with the Communications Disorder Specialist	331	(2)
Summing Up	333	(1)
Suggested Learning Activities	334	(1)
Suggestions for Collaborative Efforts	334	(1)
Expanding Your Horizons: Additional Journal Readings and Books	335	(2)
PART IV The Future of Multicultural Education	337	(2)
Issues for the Twenty-First Century	339	(1)
Overview	339	(1)
Multicultural Education as a Concept	340	(1)
Scope of Multicultural Education	340	(1)
Differences between Stated Ideals and Practice	341	(1)
Approaches to Race, Class, and Gender	342	(1)
Racism, Discrimination, and Injustice	342	(1)
Lingering Racism and Discrimination	343	(1)
Goals for U.S. Society	343	(1)
Blaming the Victim	344	(1)
More Humanistic Perspectives	345	(1)
Testing and Assessment	345	(1)
Arguments Supporting Standardized Tests	346	(1)
Arguments Critical of Standardized Tests	346	(1)
Language and Communication	347	(2)
Dialects	349	(1)
Bilingual Education	349	(2)
English as a Second Language	351	(1)
Nonverbal Communication	352	(1)
Accepting the Responsibility to Be Professionally Qualified and Committed	352	(2)
Ensuring Cultural Diversity in All Curricular Materials	354	(1)
Ensuring That Multicultural Emphasis Permeates All Curricular Areas and the School Environment	354	(1)
Involving Parents, Families, and the Community	355