Multimedia Signals and Systems

by Mandal, Mrinal Kr

• ISBN13: 9781402072703
• ISBN10: 1402072708
• Edition: CD
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-01-01
• Publisher: Kluwer Academic Pub

Summary

Multimedia Signals and Systems is an essential text for professional and academic researchers and students in the field of multimedia. Multimedia Signals and Systems is primarily a technical introductory level multimedia textbook, including problems, examples, and MATLAB® codes. It will be a stepping-stone for readers who want to research in audio processing, image and video processing, and data compression. This book will also be useful to readers who are carrying out research and development in systems areas such as television engineering and storage media. Anyone who seeks to learn the core multimedia signal processing techniques and systems will need Multimedia Signals and Systems. There are many chapters that are generic in nature and provide key concepts of multimedia systems to technical as well as non-technical persons. There are also several chapters that provide a mathematical/ analytical framework for basic multimedia signal processing. The readers are expected to have some prior knowledge about discrete signals and systems, such as Fourier transform and digital filters. However, a brief review of these theories is provided. The accompanying CD provides several MATLAB® codes along with a few test data samples; e.g., audio, image and video. Multimedia Signals and Systems is suitable for advanced-level courses in multimedia and is also a well-needed addition to the professional reference library in this area.

Author Biography

Multimedia Signals and Systems is suitable for advanced-level courses in multimedia and is also a well-needed addition to the professional reference library in this area.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(10)
Development of Multimedia Systems	2	(1)
Classification of Media	3	(2)
Properties of Multimedia Systems	5	(1)
Multimedia Computing	6	(3)
Different Aspects of Multimedia
References	9	(1)
Questions	9	(2)
Part I: MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS
Audio Fundamentals	11	(22)
Characteristics of Sound	11	(3)
The Human Auditory System	14	(4)
Audio Recording	18	(5)
Audio Signal Representation	23	(10)
Waveform method	23	(1)
Musical Instrument Digital Interface	24	(6)
References	30	(1)
Questions	31	(2)
The Human Visual System and Perception	33	(24)
Introduction	33	(1)
The Human Visual System	34	(8)
Relative Luminous Efficiency	36	(1)
Weber's Law	37	(1)
Modulation Transfer Function	38	(4)
HVS Model	42	(1)
Color Representation	42	(12)
Three-Receptor Model	42	(2)
Color Matching	44	(1)
Tristimulus Value	45	(2)
Chromaticity Diagram	47	(1)
Color Models and Transformation of Primaries	48	(1)
NTSC Receiver Primary	49	(1)
NTSC Transmission System	50	(3)
1960 CIE-UCS Color coordinates	53	(1)
CMY Model	54	(1)
Temporal Properties of Vision	54	(3)
References	55	(1)
Questions	56	(1)
Multimedia Data Acquisition	57	(26)
Sampling of Audio Signals	57	(6)
Sampling of Two-Dimensional Images	63	(4)
Anti-Aliasing Filters	67	(3)
Digitization of Audio Signals	70	(9)
Analog to Digital Conversion	71	(4)
Audio Fidelity Criteria	75	(3)
MIDI versus Digital Audio	78	(1)
Digitization of Images	79	(4)
Visual Fidelity Measures	79	(2)
References	81	(1)
Questions	81	(2)
Part II: SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMPRESSION
Transforms and Subband Decomposition	83	(38)
1-D Unitary Transform	84	(1)
1-D Discrete Fourier Transform	85	(5)
1-D Discrete Cosine Transform	90	(3)
Digital Filtering and Subband Analysis	93	(11)
Digital Filters	93	(4)
Subband Analysis	97	(6)
Transforms and Digital Filtering	103	(1)
1-D Discrete Wavelet Transform	104	(5)
2-D Unitary Transform	109	(2)
2-D Discrete Fourier Transform	111	(3)
2-D Discrete Cosine Transform	114	(2)
2-D Discrete Wavelet Transform	116	(5)
References	118	(1)
Questions	119	(2)
Text Representation and Compression	121	(24)
Text Representation	121	(3)
Principles of Text Compression	124	(1)
Statistical Redundancy	124	(13)
Probability Density Function and Entropy	125	(2)
Shannon's Noiseless Source Coding Theorem	127	(2)
Huffman Coding	129	(4)
Arithmetic Coding	133	(4)
Dictionary-based Compression	137	(6)
LZ77 Technique	138	(2)
LZ78 Technique	140	(3)
Summary	143	(2)
References	143	(1)
Questions	144	(1)
Digital Audio Compression	145	(24)
Audio Compression Principles	145	(3)
Rate Distortion Function	147	(1)
Statistical Redundancy	148	(3)
Companding and Expanding	149	(2)
Temporal Redundancy	151	(5)
Perceptual Audio Coding	156	(2)
Audio Compression Standards	158	(1)
MPEG-1 Audio Compression Standard	159	(3)
MPEG-2 Audio Compression Standard	162	(1)
AC Audio Compression Standards	163	(2)
Comparison of Compression Algorithms	165	(1)
Audio Formats	166	(3)
References	166	(1)
Questions	167	(2)
Digital Image Compression Techniques	169	(34)
Principles of Image Compression	169	(1)
Low Complexity Compression Techniques	170	(5)
Entropy Coding	170	(1)
Run-length Coding	171	(2)
Predictive Coding	173	(2)
Transform Coding	175	(7)
Unitary Transform	176	(1)
Block Transform	177	(2)
Wavelet Coding	179	(1)
Comparison of DCT and Wavelets	180	(2)
Other Coding Techniques	182	(3)
Vector Quantization	183	(1)
Fractal Image Compression	184	(1)
Image Compression Standards	185	(1)
The JPEG Image Compression Standard	186	(7)
Baseline Sequential Mode	186	(6)
Other JPEG Modes	192	(1)
The JPEG 2000 Standard	193	(6)
Image Formats	199	(4)
References	200	(1)
Questions	201	(2)
Digital Video Compression Techniques	203	(36)
Principles of Video Compression	203	(1)
Digital Video and Color Redundancy	204	(3)
Temporal Redundancy Reduction	207	(2)
Block-based Motion Estimation	209	(12)
Fast Motion Estimation Algorithms	214	(7)
Video Compression Standards	221	(18)
Motion JPEG	222	(1)
The MPEG-1 Video Compression Standard	222	(2)
The MPEG-2 Video Compression Standard	224	(2)
The MPEG-4 Video Compression Standard	226	(2)
Video Coding Scheme	228	(3)
The H. 261 Video Compression Standard	231	(1)
H. 263, H. 263+ and H. 26L Standards	231	(1)
Comparison of Standard Codecs	232	(3)
References	235	(1)
Questions	236	(3)
Digital Audio Processing	239	(18)
Audio Filtering Techniques	239	(2)
Audio Equalization	241	(4)
Audio Enhancement	245	(7)
Noise Suppression by Digital Filtering	246	(2)
Spectral Subtraction Method	248	(4)
Editing MIDI Files	252	(2)
Digital Audio and MIDI Editing Tools	254	(3)
References	255	(1)
Questions	256	(1)
Digital Image and Video Processing	257	(26)
Basic Image Processing Tools	257	(4)
Image Resizing	257	(3)
Cropping	260	(1)
Image Enhancement Techniques	261	(6)
Brightness and Contrast Improvement	261	(1)
Contrast Stretching	262	(3)
Histogram Equalization	265	(1)
Image Sharpening	266	(1)
Digital Video	267	(13)
Special Effects and Gradual Transition	269	(1)
Wipe	269	(3)
Dissolve	272	(1)
Fade In/Out	272	(1)
Video Segmentation	273	(6)
Camera Operations	279	(1)
Image and Video Editing Softwares	280	(1)
Summary	280	(3)
References	281	(1)
Questions	282	(1)
Part III: MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
Analog and Digital Television	283	(22)
Analog Television Standards	283	(2)
Raster Scanning	285	(1)
Color Space for TV Transmission	286	(5)
NTSC System	288	(1)
PAL System	289	(2)
NTSC Television System	291	(4)
Channel Assignment	291	(2)
NTSC Encoder and Decoder	293	(2)
Component and S-Video	295	(1)
Digital Television	296	(9)
Grand Alliance HDTV Standard	299	(4)
References	303	(1)
Questions	304	(1)
Content Creation and Management	305	(28)
Multimedia Authoring	305	(3)
Authoring Steps	306	(2)
Multimedia Authoring Tools	308	(5)
Card/Page-Based Tools	309	(1)
Icon-Based Tools	310	(1)
Time-Based Tools	311	(1)
Object Oriented Tools	312	(1)
Multimedia Documents	313	(2)
Hepertext and Hypermedia	315	(8)
Nonlinear Information Chain	315	(1)
Hypertext and Hypermedia Systems	316	(1)
Mark-up Languages	317	(1)
HTML	318	(3)
XML	321	(2)
Web Authoring Tools	323	(2)
Multimedia Standards	325	(4)
The MPEG-7 Standard	326	(2)
The MPEG-21 Standard	328	(1)
The MHEG Standard	329	(1)
Summary	329	(4)
References	330	(1)
Questions	330	(3)
Optical Storage Media	333	(18)
Physical Medium	334	(8)
Cross-section of a CD	334	(1)
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)	335	(1)
Physical Formats and Speeds	336	(1)
Playback of CD and DVD	337	(3)
CD-ROM, CD-R, and CD-RW	340	(2)
Advantages of Optical Technology	342	(1)
CD and DVD Standards	342	(9)
Video CD and DVD-Video Standards	348	(2)
References	350	(1)
Questions	350	(1)
Electronic Displays	351	(16)
Important Display Parameters	351	(2)
Cathode-Ray Tube	353	(2)
Field Emission Display	355	(2)
Plasma Display	357	(3)
Liquid Crystal Display	360	(3)
Digital Micromirror Display	363	(4)
References	365	(1)
Questions	366	(1)
Appendix: About the CD-ROM	367	(4)
Index	371