Musculoskeletal Imaging : A Concise Multimodality Approach

by Bohndorf, Klaus; Imhof, Herwig; Pope, Thomas Lee

• ISBN13: 9781588900609
• ISBN10: 1588900606
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-06-01
• Publisher: Thieme Medical Pub

Summary

Due to the multitude of bone and joint disorders and their symptomatic similarities, establishing a differential diagnosis is often problematic in daily practice. This book offers invaluable help by showing the diagnostic effectiveness of multimodality imaging across the entire spectrum of bone and joint disorders.Each clinical entity is presented as a unit, with succinct text on the left and high-quality, labeled images on the right. A consistent structure featuring pathology, clinical findings, radiology, nuclear medicine, MRI, and differential diagnosis offers quick access to the information you need for any given bone, joint, or soft tissue disease.More than 1,300 high-quality radiologic images and two-color drawings that allow you to visualize each disorder. Key information presented in just 404 pages, saving you the time and inconvenience of wading through large texts. Useful tables summarizing radiologic findings for each disorder.All-inclusive coverage, with in-depth treatment of such important areas as trauma.

Table of Contents

Trauma
Definitions	2	(1)
Fracture	2	(1)
Joint Injury	2	(1)
Muscle Injury	2	(1)
Tendon Injury	2	(1)
Role of Imaging in Trauma to the Musculoskeletal System	2	(9)
K. Bohndorf
Conventional Radiology	4	(1)
Digital Radiology	4	(1)
Computed Tomography	4	(2)
Spiral CT, 2-D and 3-D Reconstruction	6	(1)
Arthrography	6	(2)
Sonography	8	(1)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging	8	(2)
Scintigraphy	10	(1)
Practical Suggestions for Imaging in the Trauma Setting	11	(1)
K. Bohndorf
Fracture Classifications and Types	12	(12)
K. Bohndorf
Fracture Types	12	(2)
Special Considerations in the Pediatric Age Group	14	(2)
Fractures of the Articular Surfaces (Chondral and Osteochondral Fractures)	16	(2)
Stress and Insufficiency Fractures	18	(4)
Pathologic Fracture	22	(2)
Fracture Healing	24	(2)
K. Bohndorf
Primary Fracture Healing	24	(1)
Secondary Fracture Healing	24	(1)
Radiographic Signs of Osseous Consolidation	24	(1)
Basic Principles of Fracture Treatment	24	(2)
Delayed Fracture Healing	26	(1)
Pseudarthrosis	26	(1)
Complications after Fractures	26	(6)
M. Breitenseher
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD)	30	(2)
Trauma-Induced Soft-Tissue Changes	32	(4)
K. Bohndorf
Tendon Injuries	32	(1)
Ligamentous Injuries	32	(1)
Muscle Injuries	32	(2)
Rhabdomyolysis	34	(1)
Myositis Ossificans	34	(1)
Compartment Syndrome	34	(2)
Radiologic Reporting of Fractures	36	(2)
K. Bohndorf
Special Traumatology	38	(90)
Skull and Spine	38	(1)
K. Turetschek
Fractures of the Cranial Vault	38	(1)
Fractures of the Cranial Base	38	(1)
Fractures of the Temporal Bone	38	(2)
Fractures of the Facial Bones	40	(4)
Spine	44	(10)
Pelvis	54	(1)
J. Demharter
Pelvic Injuries	54	(4)
Acetabular Fractures	58	(2)
Hip Dislocation without Acetabular Fracture	60	(1)
Hip Dislocations with Fracture of the Femoral Heads (Pipkin Fractures)	60	(2)
Shoulder Girdle	62	(1)
J. Hodler
Sternoclavicular Dislocation	62	(1)
Clavicular Fracture	62	(2)
Acromioclavicular Separation	64	(1)
Impingement and Rotator Cuff Rupture	65	(5)
Shoulder Dislocation, Shoulder Instability	70	(4)
Upper Extremity	74	(1)
H. Hauser
Humeral Fractures	74	(4)
Dislocation of the Elbow	78	(1)
Subluxation of the Radial Head (Chassaignac)	78	(1)
Tennis Elbow	78	(2)
Fractures of the Proximal Forearm	80	(2)
Forearm Fractures	82	(2)
Distal Forearm Fractures	84	(4)
Dislocation of the Distal Forearm	88	(1)
Injuries of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC)	88	(2)
Fractures of the Carpal Bones	90	(2)
Carpal Derangements	92	(4)
Carpometacarpal Injuries	96	(2)
Lower Extremity	98	(1)
Femur and Patella	98	(4)
S. Trattnig
W. Fischer
The Post-Surgical Hip	102	(6)
E. Knopfle
Internal Lesions of the Knee	108	(6)
S. Trattnig
Tibia/Fibula	114	(6)
J. Demharter
Fractures of the Ankle	120	(2)
J. Demharter
Tarsal and Metatarsal Bones	122	(4)
J. Demharter
Ligamentous Injuries of the Ankle	126	(2)
M. Breitenseher
Special Problems Encountered in Children	128	(8)
W. Michl
The Normal Development of the Epiphyseal Growth Zone, Developmental Variations, and Transition to Pathologic Cases	128	(4)
Battered Child Syndrome	132	(4)
Bone and Soft-Tissue Infections
Osteomyelitis	136	(16)
K. Bohndorf
Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis	136	(1)
Newborn Osteomyelitis	136	(2)
Juvenile Hematogenous Osteomyelitis	138	(1)
Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis in the Adult	138	(1)
Imaging Features of Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis (All Ages)	138	(2)
Evidence of Healing of Acute Osteomyelitis	140	(1)
Complications of Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis (All Age Groups)	140	(2)
Chronic Hematogenous Osteomyelitis	142	(2)
Brodie Abscess	144	(1)
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis	144	(2)
Post-traumatic Osteomyelitis	146	(4)
Tuberculosis	150	(2)
Soft-Tissue Infections	152	(2)
K. Bohndorf
Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions of the Skeleton and Soft Tissues
General Considerations in Diagnosing Skeletal Tumors	154	(6)
K. Bohndorf
The Role of the Radiologist in Evaluating Skeletal Lesions Suspicious for Tumors	155	(1)
The Role of Diagnostic Imaging	155	(1)
Ten Rules for Classifying Skeletal Lesions Suspicious for Tumors	156	(1)
Staging (Determining the Extent of the Lesion)	157	(1)
Relative Values of the Different Imaging Modalities for Tissue Diagnosis, Biologic Activity, and Staging	157	(1)
Conventional Radiography	157	(1)
Scintigraphy	157	(1)
CT	157	(1)
Sonography	157	(1)
Angiography	158	(1)
MRI	158	(1)
Staging and MRI	159	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies of Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumors	159	(1)
Primary Bone Tumors	160	(22)
K. Bohndorf
Bone-Producing Tumors	160	(1)
Osteoid Osteoma	160	(1)
Osteoblastoma	160	(2)
Osteosarcoma	162	(1)
``Conventional'' Osteosarcoma	162	(2)
Cartilage-Producing Tumors	164	(1)
Osteochondroma	164	(2)
Enchondroma	166	(1)
Chondroblastoma	166	(2)
Chondromyxoid Fibroma	168	(1)
Chondrosarcoma	168	(2)
Giant Cell Tumor	170	(2)
Tumors Arising from Bone Marrow	172	(1)
Ewing Sarcoma	172	(2)
Vascular Tumors	174	(1)
Hemangiomas	174	(3)
Tumors Arising From Connective Tissue	177	(1)
Lipoma	177	(3)
Other Tumors	180	(1)
Chordoma	180	(1)
Adamantinoma of the Long Tubular Bones	180	(2)
Tumorlike Lesions	182	(14)
K. Bohndorf
Osteoma, Bone Islands, Osteopoikilosis	182	(2)
Fibrous Cortical Defect/Nonossifying Fibroma	184	(2)
Simple (Juvenile) Bone Cyst	186	(2)
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst	188	(2)
Eosinophilic Granuloma and Histiocytosis X	190	(2)
Fibrous Dysplasia	192	(4)
Metastases	196	(4)
K. Bohndorf
Soft-Tissue Tumors	200	(4)
K. Bohndorf
Hematologic Disorders
Plasmocytoma	204	(4)
Th. Rand
Leukemias	208	(2)
Th. Rand
Acute Leukemia in Children	208	(1)
Chronic Leukemia in Adulthood	208	(2)
Malignant Lymphoma	210	(2)
Th. Rand
Anemias	212	(4)
Th. Rand
Sickle Cell Anemia	212	(2)
Thalassemias	214	(2)
Myelofibrosis	216	(1)
Th. Rand
Lipidoses	216	(2)
Th. Rand
Ischemic Bone Disease
Osteonecrosis	218	(10)
M. Breitenseher
Osteonecrosis of the Hip	218	(6)
Osteonecrosis in other Locations	224	(1)
Osteonecrosis of the Lunate	224	(2)
Osteonecrosis of the Scaphoid	226	(1)
Osteonecrosis of the Metatarsal Heads	226	(1)
Osteonecrosis of the Distal Femur	226	(2)
Bone Infarct	228	(2)
M. Breitenseher
Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome	230	(2)
M. Breitenseher
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease	232	(2)
Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD)	234	(2)
K. Bohndorf
Metabolic, Hormonal, and Toxic Osteopathies
Osteoporosis	236	(6)
G. Seidl
X-Ray Absorptiometry and Osteoporosis	240	(2)
Rickets and Osteomalacia	242	(2)
S. Youssefzadeh
Hyperparathyroidism	244	(4)
S. Youssefzadeh
Renal Osteodystrophy	248	(2)
S. Youssefzadeh
Hypoparathyroidism	250	(1)
S. Youssefzadeh
Toxic Osteopathies	250	(4)
S. Youssefzadeh
Metal Poisoning (Lead, Bismuth, Phosph.)	250	(1)
Aluminum Bone Disease	250	(1)
Fluorosis	250	(2)
Corticosteroids	252	(1)
Other Medications	252	(2)
Amyloidosis	254	(1)
S. Youssefzadeh
K. Bohndorf
Acromegaly	254	(2)
W. Fischer
Constitutional Disorders of Bone Growth
Skeletal Dysplasias	256	(16)
W. Michl
Early Onset Types	258	(1)
Thanatophoric Dysplasia	258	(1)
Achondroplasia	258	(2)
Chondrodysplasia Punctata	260	(1)
Asphyxiating Thoracic Dysplasia	260	(1)
Dyschondrosteosis	260	(2)
Cleidocranial Dysplasia	262	(1)
Late-Onset Types	262	(1)
Predominantly Epiphyseal Dysplasias	262	(1)
Predominantly Metaphyseal Dysplasias	262	(2)
Predominantly Spondyloepiphyseal or Metaphyseal Dysplasias	264	(2)
Skeletal Dysplasia with Disorganized Development of Cartilage and Fibrous Components	266	(1)
Enchondromatosis	266	(1)
Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia	266	(1)
Congenital Generalized Fibromatosis	266	(1)
Skeletal Dysplasias with Abnormal Density of Osseous Structures	266	(4)
Increased Bone Density	270	(2)
Dysostosis Multiplex	272	(2)
W. Michl
Mucopolysaccharidoses	272	(1)
Mucolipidoses and Gangliosidoses	272	(2)
Dysostoses	274	(2)
W. Michl
Various Bone and Soft-Tissue Disorders
Paget Disease	276	(4)
W. Fischer
Sarcoidosis	280	(2)
W. Fischer
Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy	282	(1)
W. Fischer
Melorheostosis	282	(2)
W. Fischer
Calcifications and Ossifications of the Soft Tissues	284	(4)
W. Fischer
K. Bohndorf
Soft-Tissue Calcification Secondary to Imbalanced Calcium-Phosphate Metabolism	284	(1)
Soft-Tissue Calcifications with Normal Calcium-Phosphate Metabolism	284	(1)
Dystrophic Calcifications	284	(2)
Myositis Ossificans	286	(1)
Chronic Venous Stasis	286	(2)
Pustulotic Arthro-osteitis	288	(2)
K. Bohndorf
Congenital Hip Dysplasia	290	(2)
W. Fischer
Joints
Introduction and Synopsis	292	(16)
Anatomy of the Synovial Joints	292	(1)
W. Fischer
Signs of Joint Diseases on Radiography and CT	293	(1)
F. Kainberger
W. Fischer
K. Bohndorf
Radiographic Signs of the Peripheral Joints and Their Role in the Differential Diagnosis	294	(4)
Radiographic Signs at Specific Joints	298	(2)
Sonography	300	(1)
F. Kainberger
Scintigraphy	300	(1)
F. Kainberger
MRI	301	(1)
F. Kainberger
Arthritis versus Osteoarthritis (Overview)	302	(4)
W. Fischer
Enthesopathies (Fibro-ostosis and Fibro-ostitis)	306	(1)
K. Bohndorf
Fibro-ostosis	306	(1)
Fibro-ostitis	306	(2)
Degenerative Joint Diseases	308	(23)
H. Imhof
Osteoarthritis of the Peripheral Joints	308	(4)
Osteoarthritis of Specific Joints	312	(1)
Osteoarthritis of the Hip	312	(2)
Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder	314	(1)
Osteoarthritis of the Finger and Carpal Bones	314	(1)
Osteoarthritis of the Toes	314	(6)
Disk Degeneration (Chondrosis, Osteochondrosis)	320	(6)
Degeneration of the Intervertebral Articulations (Facet Joint Osteoarthritis)	326	(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Different Imaging Modalities in Degenerative Disease of the Spine with Neurologic Findings (Radiculopathy)	326	(1)
Comments on Interpreting MRI, CT, and CT Myelography in Disk Diseases	326	(2)
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH, Forestier Disease)	328	(3)
Inflammatory Joint Diseases	331	(29)
Classification of the Arthritides	331	(1)
W. Fischer
Special Problems	331	(1)
Infectious Arthritis, Spondylitis and Spondylodiskitis	332	(1)
W. Fischer
K. Bohndorf
Bacterial Arthritis	332	(2)
Infectious Spondylitis and Spondylodiskitis	334	(4)
Rheumatoid Arthritis	338	(6)
J. Haller
J. Hofmann
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (Juvenile Chronic Arthritis)	344	(2)
J. Haller
J. Hofmann
Ankylosing Spondylitis	346	(4)
J. Haller
J. Hofmann
Reactive Arthritis	350	(1)
J. Haller
J. Hofmann
Reiter Syndrome	350	(2)
Psoriatic Arthropathy	352	(2)
J. Haller
J. Hofmann
Enteropathic Arthropathies	354	(1)
J. Haller
J. Hofmann
Articular Changes in Inflammatory Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases	354	(1)
J. Haller
J. Hofmann
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)	355	(1)
Progressive Systemic Scleroderma (PSS)	355	(1)
Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis	355	(1)
Polyarteritis Nodosa	356	(1)
Mixed Collagenosis	356	(1)
HIV-Associated Articular Disease	356	(2)
J. Haller
J. Hofmann
Differential Diagnosis of Arthritis	358	(2)
W. Fischer
Neurogenic, Metabolic, and Hematologic Joint Diseases	360	(14)
Neurogenic Osteoarthropathy (Charcot Joint)	360	(2)
F. Kainberger
The Diabetic Foot	362	(1)
Corticosteroid-Induced Neuropathic-Like Alterations (Pseudo-Charcot Joint)	362	(2)
Crystal-Induced Arthropathies and Periarthropathies	364	(1)
Gout (Gouty Arthritis)	364	(4)
G. Seidl
W. Fischer
Pyrophosphate Arthropathy	368	(2)
F. Kainberger
Hydroxyapatite Disease	370	(2)
F. Kainberger
Arthropathy in Hemophilia	372	(2)
F. Kainberger
Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions of the Joints	374	(4)
K. Bohndorf
Intraosseous Ganglion	374	(1)
Synovial Chondromatosis	374	(2)
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (PVNS)	376	(2)
Index	378