Natural Law and Moral Philosophy: From Grotius to the Scottish Enlightenment

by Knud Haakonssen

• ISBN13: 9780521498029
• ISBN10: 0521498023
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1996-02-23
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Summary

This major contribution to the history of philosophy provides the most comprehensive guide to modern natural law theory available; sets out the full background to liberal ideas of rights and contractarianism; and offers an extensive study of the Scottish Enlightenment.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	ix
Introduction: The Scottish Enlightenment in the history of ideas	1	(1)
The Scottish Enlightenment	1	(7)
The history of ideas	8	(7)
Natural law in the seventeenth century	15	(48)
Francis Suarez	16	(8)
Natural law and Protestantism	24	(2)
Hugo Grotius	26	(5)
Thomas Hobbes	31	(4)
The German debate	35	(2)
Samuel Pufendorf	37	(6)
Reactions to Pufendorf	43	(3)
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz	46	(3)
Nathaniel Culverwell	49	(1)
Richard Cumberland	50	(1)
John Locke	51	(7)
Transitions to eighteenth-century Scottish moral thought	58	(3)
Conclusion	61	(2)
Natural law and moral realism: The civic humanist synthesis in Francis Hutcheson and George Turnbull	63	(37)
Interpreting Scottish moral philosophy	63	(2)
Hutcheson: Voluntarism, realism, and egoism	65	(6)
Hutcheson's moral realism and cognitivism	71	(4)
The political ambiguity of Hutcheson's moral theory	75	(2)
Natural jurisprudence in Hutcheson's system	77	(5)
The coherence of Hutcheson's thought	82	(2)
Hutcheson and the development of Scottish moral thought	84	(1)
Turnbull and Heineccius	85	(5)
Natural law and Harringtonianism	90	(8)
Conclusion	98	(2)
Between superstition and enthusiasm: David Hume's theory of justice, government, and politics	100	(29)
The politics of religion	100	(2)
Morals - found or constructed	102	(2)
Justice	104	(6)
The basis for authority	110	(3)
Opinion and the science of politics	113	(2)
The distribution of justice	115	(2)
The role of rights	117	(3)
The right of govern	120	(4)
Above parties	124	(3)
The stability of Great Britain	127	(2)
Adam Smith out of context: His theory of rights in Prussian perspective	129	(25)
Smith's theory of rights	130	(5)
The jurisprudence of Samuel von Cocceji	135	(10)
Smith and Cocceji compared	145	(3)
Kantian themes in Smith	148	(6)
John Millar and the science of a legislator	154	(28)
Introduction	154	(5)
A theory of justice and rights	159	(2)
A theory of law	161	(3)
A theory of government	164	(5)
A theory of property	169	(4)
A question of ideology	173	(4)
A role for history	177	(2)
Conclusion	179	(3)
Thomas Reid's moral and political philosophy	182	(44)
Human knowledge	182	(5)
Human agency	187	(4)
Principles and moral judgement	191	(5)
Duty and virtue	196	(5)
Natural jurisprudence	201	(4)
Property	205	(3)
Contract	208	(2)
Political jurisprudence: The contract of government	210	(3)
Rulers and ruled	213	(3)
Utopia	216	(4)
Revolution of reform	220	(6)
Dugald Stewart and the science of a legislator	226	(35)
Smith or Reid	226	(2)
Elements of a theory of morals	228	(4)
Knowledge and social progress	232	(16)
Jursiprudence and political economy	248	(13)
The science of a legislator in James Mackintosh's moral philosophy	261	(33)
Adam Smith and Dugald Steward	261	(4)
The Vindiciae Gallicae	265	(12)
After Vindiciae Gallicae: Moral philosophy	277	(8)
After Vindiciae Gallicae: History and jurisprudence	285	(9)
James Mill and Scottish moral philosophy	294	(16)
Introduction	294	(2)
The use and abuse of conjectural history	296	(8)
Politics in a morally well-ordered world	304	(6)
From natural law to the rights of man: A European perspective on American debates	310	(33)
English and American jursiprudence	310	(1)
Law, duty, and rights	311	(4)
Rights and contractarianism	315	(7)
Natural law theory and moral philosophy in America	322	(5)
Inalienable rights	327	(5)
Evangelicalism and Christian Utilitarianism	332	(4)
Self-government and obligation	336	(7)
Bibliography	343	(30)
Manuscript sources	343	(1)
Printed sources	343	(10)
Secondary literature	353	(20)
Index	373