Natural Products

by Zhang, Lixin; Demain, Arnold L.

• ISBN13: 9781588293831
• ISBN10: 1588293831
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-05-01
• Publisher: Humana Pr Inc

Summary

A fresh examination of the past successes of natural products as medicines and their new future from both conventional and new technologies. High-performance liquid chromatography profiling, combinatorial synthesis, genomics, proteomics, DNA shuffling, bioinformatics, and genetic manipulation all now make it possible to rapidly evaluate the activities of extracts as well as purified components derived from microbes, plants, and marine organisms. The authors apply these methods to new natural product drug discoveries, to microbial diversity, to specific groups of products (Chinese herbal drugs, antitumor drugs from microbes and plants, terpenoids, and arsenic compounds), and to specific sources (the sea, rainforest, and endophytes). These new opportunities show how research and development trends in the pharmaceutical industry can advance to include both synthetic compounds and natural products, and how this paradigm shift can be more productive and efficacious.

Table of Contents

Dedication	v
Acknowledgment	vii
Preface	ix
Contributors	xiii
Part I Fundamental Issues Related to Natural Product-Based Drug Delivery
Natural Products and Drug Discovery	3	(30)
Arnold L. Demain
Lixin Zhang
Part II Strategies
Integrated Approaches for Discovering Novel Drugs From Microbial Natural Products	33	(24)
Lixin Zhang
Automated Analyses of HPLC Profiles of Microbial Extracts: A New Tool for Drug Discovery Screening	57	(20)
Jose R. Tormo
Juan B. Garcia
Manipulating Microbial Metabolites for Drug Discovery and Production	77	(18)
C. Richard Hutchinson
Improving Drug Discovery From Microorganisms	95	(12)
Chris M. Farnet
Emmanuel Zazopoulos
Developments in Strain Improvement Technology: Evolutionary Engineering of Industrial Microorganisms Through Gene, Pathway, and Genome Shuffling	107	(22)
Stephen B. del Cardayre
Part III Specific Groups of Drugs
The Discovery of Anticancer Drugs From Natural Sources	129	(40)
David J. Newman
Gordon M. Cragg
Case Studies in Natural-Product Optimization: Novel Antitumor Agents Derived From Taxus brevifolia and Catharanthus roseus	169	(28)
Jian Hong
Shu-Hui Chen
Terpenoids As Therapeutic Drugs and Pharmaceutical Agents	197	(32)
Guangyi Wang
Weiping Tang
Robert R. Bidigare
Challenges and Opportunities in the Chinese Herbal Drug Industry	229	(22)
Wei Jia
Lixin Zhang
Arsenic Trioxide and Leukemia: From Bedside to Bench	251	(24)
Guo-Qiang Chen
Qiong Wang
Hua Yan
Zhu Chen
Part IV Microbial Diversity
New Methods to Access Microbial Diversity for Small Molecule Discovery	275	(20)
Karsten Zengler
Ashish Paradkar
Martin Keller
Accessing the Genomes of Uncultivated Microbes for Novel Natural Products	295	(20)
Asuncion Martinez
Joern Hopke
Ian A. MacNeil
Marcia S. Osburne
Part V Specific Sources
New Natural-Product Diversity From Marine Actinomycetes	315	(14)
Paul R. Jensen
William Fenical
Novel Natural Products From Rainforest Endophytes	329	(24)
Gary Strobel
Bryn Daisy
Uvidelio Castillo
Biological, Economic, Ecological, and Legal Aspects of Harvesting Traditional Medicine in Ecuador	353	(18)
Alexandra Guevara-Aguirre
Ximena Chiriboga
Index	371