Nature In Fragments: The Legacy Of Sprawl

by Johnson, Elizabeth A.

• ISBN13: 9780231127783
• ISBN10: 0231127782
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-09-01
• Publisher: COLUMBIA UNIV PRESS

Summary

Sprawl creates and contributes to habitat loss, fragmentation, pollution, and a host of other environmental problems. This new collection focuses on the impact of sprawl on biodiversity and the measures that can be taken to alleviate it. With contributions from leading biological and social scientists, conservationists, and land-use professionals , Nature in Fragments examines the genesis of sprawl, its effect on species, and the ways in which it alters natural communities, ecosystems, and natural processes. Issues discussed include the impact of sprawl on freshwater ecosystems, the economics of biodiversity in urbanizing landscapes, building public awareness of the impact of sprawl, conserving biodiversity through better-informed planning, and assessing the effectiveness of conservation efforts. The contributors illustrate the need to more comprehensively integrate biodiversity issues, concerns, and needs into the growing number of antisprawl initiatives, including the "smart growth" and "new urbanist" movements. By combining scientific and public-policy discussions, this collection enriches the efforts of those working to create more sustainable human environments.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Acknowledgments	xiii
Contributors	xv
PART I BIODIVERSITY AND THE GENESIS OF SPRAWL
1. The Context and Causes of Sprawl	3	(15)
BARBARA L. LAWRENCE
2. The Impacts of Sprawl on Biodiversity	18	(39)
ELIZABETH A. JOHNSON AND MICHAEL W. KLEMENS
PART II SPRAWL, ECOSYSTEMS, AND PROCESSES
3. Freshwater Wetland Biodivcrsity in an Urbanising World	57	(33)
NICHOLAS A. MILLER AND MICHAEL W. KLEMENS
4. Ecosystems, Disturbance, and the Impact of Sprawl	90	(19)
SETH R. REICE
5. Bees, Pollination, and the Challenges of Sprawl	109	(16)
JAMES H. CANE
6. Effects of Urbanization on Decomposer Communities and Soil Processes in Forest Remnants	125	(19)
MARGARET M. CARREIRO
7. Sprawl and Disease	144	(13)
FRED W. KOONTZ AND PETER DASZAK
PART III SPRAWL AND SPECIES
8. Sprawl and Species with Limited Dispersal Abilities	157	(24)
DIANE L. BYERS AND JOSEPH C. MITCHELL
9. Sprawl and Highly Mobile or Wide-Ranging Species	181	(25)
JUSTINA C. RAY
10. Species that Benefit from Sprawl	206	(33)
STEPHEN DESTEFANO AND ELIZABETH A. JOHNSON
PART IV IDENTIFYING AND MEETING THE CHALLENGES OF SPRAWL
11. Maintaining Connectivity in Urbanizing Landscapes	239	(24)
M.A. SANJAYAN AND KEVIN R. CROOKS
12. The Economics of Biodiversity in Urbanizing Ecosystems	263	(21)
STEPHEN FARBER
13. Conserving Biodiversity Through State and Regional Planning	284	(29)
JESSICA WILKINSON, SARA VICKERMAN, AND JEFF LERNER
14. Integrating Conservation of Biodiversity into Local Planning	313	(22)
JAYNE DALY AND MICHAEL W. KLEMENS
15. Building Public Awareness About the Effects of Sprawl on Biodiversity	335	(14)
CYNTHIA COFFIN AND JANE ELDER
16. Creating a Framework for Change	349	(14)
MICHAEL W. KLEMENS AND ELIZABETH A. JOHNSON
Index	363