Examines why countries imitate the military systems of one another. A book of theory and history, it builds on and extends the most influential theory in international relations - neorealism. It offers an alternative account for emulation and convergence in the international system. It explains why states make certain choices in how to organize, prepare, and fight wars, and how international structures shape their choices. The work develops a neglected area of neorealism, applies it in new ways, widens its explanatory scope, and offers three rich - and uncommon - historical cases based on archival research.

List of Tables and Figures	p. x
Acknowledgments	p. xi
Military Emulation in the International System	p. 1
What Is Military Emulation?	p. 9
Rethinking Neorealist Theory	p. 13
The Study in Wide Angle	p. 16
Crossnational Emulation and Convergence	p. 20
Alternative Explanations	p. 22
Importing the Mass Army in South America	p. 34
Research Design and Methodology	p. 41
Theory of Military Emulation	p. 47
Emulation in Neorealist Theory	p. 50
A Theory of Organizational Effects	p. 52
Emulation As Balancing	p. 66
Emulation and Innovation	p. 71
Converging on Success	p. 76
Changing Levels of Threat and Military Emulation	p. 85
Arms and States in Nineteenth-Century South America	p. 93
The German and French Military Systems, 1870-1930	p. 93
States, Armies, and War in South America	p. 108
Enduring Rivalries and the Regional Balance of Power System	p. 113
Early Episodes of Military Emulation	p. 125
Military Emulation in Chile, 1885-1914	p. 128
Military Modernization in Chile, 1885-1914	p. 129
Armaments	p. 133
Conscription	p. 135
Officer Formation and Training	p. 138
Organization	p. 146
The Prussia of South America and the Third Reform Phase	p. 149
Explaining Military Emulation in Chile, 1885-1914	p. 154
Chile's Persistent Vulnerability	p. 155
The Absence of Allies	p. 157
The Second War of the Pacific and Its Aftermath	p. 161
Postwar Chile and the New Threats	p. 168
Chile and Argentina	p. 173
The Reexport of the German Model	p. 180
Military Emulation in Argentina, 1895-1930	p. 185
Military Modernization in Argentina, 1895-1930	p. 187
Reformers and the German System	p. 189
Armaments	p. 196
Conscription	p. 200
Officer Formation and Training	p. 203
General Staff Organization	p. 206
Explaining Military Emulation in Argentina	p. 209
First Phase of Reforms and Rising Threat Levels	p. 215
External Balancing Options	p. 217
Security and Insecurity on the Eastern Flank	p. 220
The Chilean Military Threat	p. 224
Argentina's Military Inferiority	p. 228
The Interwar Period	p. 235
Military Emulation in Brazil, 1870-1930	p. 240
Military Modernization in Brazil, 1898-1930	p. 242
Brazil's "Young Turks" and the Germany Army, 1906-1918	p. 246
A German Military Mission?	p. 261
Emulating the French Military System, 1919-1930	p. 262
Armaments and Regulations	p. 267
Conscription	p. 269
Officer Formation and Training	p. 270
General Staff Organization	p. 272
Explaining Military Emulation in Brazil, 1870-1930	p. 273
Brazil's Defensive Advantages	p. 278
Balancing Through External Means	p. 279
Brazilian Military Power as Quantite Negligeable	p. 283
Brazil, Argentine Power, and the Changing Balance of Power, 1870-1914	p. 286
Conclusion	p. 296
A Summary of the Findings	p. 297
State-Making Military Emulation	p. 301
A Neorealist Theory of the State?	p. 306
"Change" in the International System	p. 310
The Work Ahead	p. 313
Index	p. 317
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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