The Neurobiology of Autism

by Bauman, Margaret L.

• ISBN13: 9780801880476
• ISBN10: 0801880475
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS

Summary

In the decade since the first edition of The Neurobiology of Autism was published, research has revealed valuable new information about the nature and origins of autism, including genetics and abnormalities in such neurotransmitters as acetylcholine and serotonin. For this long-anticipated new edition, neurologists Margaret Bauman and Thomas Kemper bring together leading researchers and clinicians to present the most current scientific knowledge and theories about autism. The contributors cover genetics, imaging studies, physiology, neuroanatomy and neurochemistry, immunology, brain function, the epidemiology of the disease, and related disorders. Thoroughly updated, The Neurobiology of Autism remains the best single-volume work on the wide array of research being conducted into the causes, characteristics, and treatment of autism. Contributors: George M. Anderson, Yale Child Study Center; Tara L. Arndt, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC); Trang Au, University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMC); Jocelyne Bachevalier, University of Texas Health Science Center; Irina N. Bespalova, Seaver Autism Research Center, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine (SARC); Gene J. Blatt, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM); Susan E. Bryson, IWK Health Centre--Dalhousie University; Timothy M. Buie, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH); Joseph D. Buxbaum, SARC; Kathryn M. Carbone, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSM); Diane C. Chugani, Wayne State University; Daniel F. Connor, UMMC; Edwin H. Cook, Jr., University of Chicago; S. Hossein Fatemi, University of Minnesota Medical School; Susan E. Folstein, Tufts University School of Medicine; Eric Fombonne, McGill University; Randi Jenssen Hagerman, UC Davis Medical Center; Elizabeth Petri Henske, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia; Jeannette J. A. Holden, Queen's University; Ronald J. Killiany, BUSM; Omanand Koul, UMMC; Mandy Lee, Newcastle General Hospital, U.K.; Xudong Liu, Queen's University; Tara L. Moore, BUSM; Mark B. Moss, BUSM; Karin B. Nelson, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Phillip G. Nelson, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Elaine Perry, Newcastle General Hospital; Jonathan Pevsner, JHUSM; Mikhail V. Pletnikov, JHUSM; Stephen W. Porges, University of Illinois at Chicago; Lucio Rehbein, Universidad de la Frontera, Chile; Jennifer Reichert, SARC; Patricia M. Rodier, URMC; Beth Rosen-Sheidley, MGH; Susan L. Smalley, UCLA Neuropsychiatric Research Institute; Ronald J. Steingard, UMMC; Helen Tager-Flusberg, BUSM; Gary L. Wenk, University of Arizona; Andrew W. Zimmerman, JHUSM

Author Biography

Margaret L. Bauman, M.D., is an associate clinical professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School. Thomas L. Kemper, M.D., is a professor of neurology, anatomy, and pathology at Boston University School of Medicine.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors	ix
Preface	xiii
I CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
1 The Epidemiology of Pervasive Developmental Disorders	3	(20)
Eric Fombonne
2 Size of the Head and Brain in Autism: Clue to Underlying Biologic Mechanisms?	23	(11)
Karin B. Nelson and Philip G. Nelson
3 The Autistic Mind	34	(11)
Susan E. Bryson
4 Language and Communication Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorders	45	(14)
Helen Tager-Flusberg
5 Memory and Executive Functions in Autism	59	(6)
Ronald I. Killiany, Tara L. Moore, Lucio Rehbein, and Mark B. Moss
6 The Vagus: A Mediator of Behavioral and Physiologic Features Associated with Autism	65	(14)
Stephen W. Porges
7 Approaches to Psychopharmacology	79	(24)
Ronald J. Steingard, Daniel F. Connor, and Trang Au
8 Gastrointestinal Issues Encountered in Autism	103	(18)
Timothy M. Buie
II NEUROANATOMIC INVESTIGATIONS
9 Structural Brain Anatomy in Autism: What Is the Evidence?	121	(15)
Margaret L. Bauman and Thomas L. Kemper
10 The Brainstem in Autism	136	(14)
Patricia M. Rodier and Tara L. Arndt
11 Myelin and Autism	150	(14)
Omanand Koul
12 Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Autism	164	(13)
Diane C. Chugani
13 The Orbitofrontal-Amygdala System in Nonhuman Primates: Function, Development, and Early Insult	177	(13)
Jocelyne Bachevalier
14 An Animal Model of Virus-Induced Autism: Borna Disease Virus Infection of the Neonatal Rat	190	(17)
Mikhail V. Pletnikov and Kathryn M. Carbone
III GENETIC INITIATIVES
15 Gene Expression in Autism	207	(10)
Jonathan Pevsner
16 Candidate Susceptibility Genes for Autism	217	(16)
Irina N. Bespalova, Jennifer Reichert, and Joseph D. Buxbaum
17 Chromosome 15 and Autism	233	(9)
Edwin H. Cook, Jr.
18 Chromosome 7	242	(9)
Beth Rosen-Sheidley and Susan E. Folstein
19 Fragile X Syndrome	251	(14)
Randi Jenssen Hagerman
20 Autism and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex	265	(11)
Susan L. Smalley and Elizabeth Petri Henske
21 The Roles of Dopamine and Norepinephrine in Autism: From Behavior and Pharmacotherapy to Genetics	276	(27)
Jeanette J.A. Holden and Xudong Liu
IV NEUROBIOLOGIC RESEARCH
22 Serotonin in Autism	303	(16)
George M. Anderson
23 The GABAergic System in Autism	319	(12)
Gene J. Blatt
24 The Cholinergic System in Autism	331	(18)
Elaine Perry and Mandy Lee
25 The Role of Reelin in Autism	349	(13)
S. Hossein Fatemi
26 Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Dopamine in Autism	362	(9)
Gary L. Wenk
27 The Immune System	371	(16)
Andrew W. Zimmerman
Epilogue	387	(6)
Thomas L. Kemper and Margaret L. Bauman
Index	393