The New Politics of Inequality in Latin America Rethinking Participation and Representation

by Chalmers, Douglas A.; Vilas, Carlos M.; Hite, Katherine; Martin, Scott B.; Piester, Kerianne; Segarra, Monique

• ISBN13: 9780198781844
• ISBN10: 0198781849
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-03-06
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Against a broad backdrop of globalization and worldwidede movement toward democracy, the essays in this important new collection examine the unfolding relationships among suchips phenomena as social change, equity, and democratic respresentation of the poor in nine different Latin American countries and Spain. Recent shifts in the composition off inequality and increases in overall disparities of wealth have coincided with governments turning away from historic redistributive politics, and also with the general weakening of political and social organizations traditionallyentified identified with the "popular sectors." The contributors here suggest that the region must find not just short-terms to programs to alleviate poverty but long-term means to ensure the effective integration of the poor into political life. The book bridges the intellectual gap between studies of grassroots politics and explorations of elite politics and formal institution-building.

Table of Contents

Notes on Contributors	xii
List of Figures	xvi
List of Tables	xvii
Introduction	1	(2)
Participation, Inequality, and the Whereabouts of Democracy	3	(40)
Carlos M. Vilas
PART I. TRADITIONAL ACTORS, NEW SETTINGS	43	(72)
Beyond Corporatism: New Patterns of Representation in the Brazilian Auto Industry	45	(27)
Scott B. Martin
Union Politics, Market-Oriented Reforms, and the Reshaping of Argentine Corporatism	72	(23)
M. Victoria Murillo
The Crisis of Developmentalism and the Rural Labor Movement in North-East Brazil	95	(20)
Anthony W. Pereira
PART II. SEARCHING FOR NEW FORMS OF PARTICIPATION	115	(122)
The Rise of Causa R in Venezuela	117	(27)
Margarita Lopez-Maya
The Seven-Month Itch? Neoliberal Politics, Popular Movements, and the Left in Mexico	144	(26)
Kathleen Bruhn
The Politics of Identity Reconstruction: Indians and Democracy in Ecuador	170	(22)
Melina Selverston
The Evolution of the Brazilian Environmental Movement and Its Political Roles	192	(25)
Kathryn Hochstetler
The Authoritarian Alternative: `Anti-Politics' in the Popular Sectors of Lima	217	(20)
Aldo Panfichi
PART III. THE STUBBORNNESS OF VIOLENCE	237	(74)
The Quetzal is Red: Military States, Popular Movements, and Political Violence in Guatemala	239	(22)
Deborah J. Yashar
Popular Responses to State-Sponsored Violence in Brazil	261	(20)
Paulo Sergio Pinheiro
Political Violence and the Grassroots in Lima, Peru	281	(30)
Jo-Marie Burt
PART IV. DILEMMAS OF A SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC PROJECT	311	(78)
Rethinking Economic Alternatives: Left Parties and the Articulation of Popular Demands in Chile and Peru	313	(24)
Kenneth M. Roberts
Market-Oriented Development Strategies and State-Society Relations in New Democracies: Lessons from Contemporary Chile and Spain	337	(23)
Eric Hershberg
Putting Conservatism to Good Use? Long Crisis and Vetoed Alternatives in Uruguay	360	(29)
Fernando Filgueira
Jorge Papadopulos
PART V. RECONSTRUCTING REPRESENTATION	389	(194)
The Difficult Transition from Clientelism to Citizenship: Lessons from Mexico	391	(30)
Jonathan Fox
Reconstructing the Workers' Party (PT): Lessons from North-Eastern Brazil	421	(26)
William Nylen
Can a Leftist Government Make a Difference? The Frente Amplio Administration of Montevideo, 1990--1994	447	(22)
Peter Winn
Lilia Ferro-Clerico
Targeting the Poor: The Politics of Social Policy Reforms in Mexico	469	(20)
Kerianne Piester
Redefining the Public/Private Mix: NGOs and the Emergency Social Investment Fund in Ecuador	489	(27)
Monique Segarra
Regional Integration and Transnational Politics: Popular Sector Strategies in the NAFTA Era	516	(27)
Maria Lorena Cook
Conclusion	541	(2)
Associative Networks: New Structures of Representation for the Popular Sectors?	543	(40)
Douglas A. Chalmers
Scott B. Martin
Kerianne Piester
References	583	(52)
Index	635