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Preface | p. ix |
Acknowledgements | p. xiv |
Abbreviations | p. xv |
Diffusion and its measurement | p. 1 |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Types of translational motion-physical interpretation and significance | p. 1 |
Mathematical modelling of self-diffusion | p. 6 |
Propagation | p. 14 |
Solving the diffusion equation | p. 20 |
Mean square displacement, time-dependent diffusion coefficients and the diffusion ellipsoid | p. 31 |
Measurement timescales and restricted diffusion | p. 36 |
Diffusion in heterogeneous, porous and polymer systems | p. 39 |
Flow in porous media | p. 54 |
Techniques for measuring diffusion | p. 55 |
References | p. 57 |
Theory of NMR diffusion and flow measurements | p. 69 |
Introduction | p. 69 |
Nuclear spins, magnetic gradients and motion | p. 70 |
Correlating the PGSE signal attenuation with diffusion | p. 90 |
Oscillating gradients, higher-order gradient pulse trains and probing Dw(w) | p. 98 |
PGSE of freely diffusing multicomponent systems | p. 101 |
The long-range dipolar field and multiple echoes | p. 111 |
References | p. 112 |
PGSE measurements in simple porous systems | p. 120 |
Introduction | p. 120 |
Experimental determination of &Pbar;(R, ¿) | p. 122 |
Experimental determination of the moments of &Pbar;(R, ¿) | p. 122 |
The spectral function and the return to origin probability | p. 124 |
Diffusive diffraction | p. 125 |
An example - diffusion between planes | p. 127 |
Diffusion in reflecting spheres | p. 130 |
Size distributions of the restricting geometry | p. 131 |
Finite gradient pulses and the validity of the SGP and GPD approximations | p. 132 |
Other methods for determining E(q, ¿) | p. 135 |
References | p. 141 |
PGSE measurements in complex and exchanging systems | p. 147 |
Introduction | p. 147 |
Simple binding and exchange: the ärger equations | p. 150 |
Exchange between free and restricted sites | p. 155 |
Anisotropic and low dimensional diffusion | p. 163 |
General porous media | p. 170 |
Polymer diffusion | p. 173 |
Flow and velocity distributions | p. 174 |
Internal magnetic field gradients | p. 175 |
References | p. 177 |
PGSE hardware | p. 185 |
Introduction | p. 185 |
Gradient coils and fringe fields | p. 186 |
Current amplifiers | p. 191 |
Connecting to the spectrometer | p. 192 |
Field-frequency locking | p. 193 |
Temperature control and calibration | p. 193 |
References | p. 193 |
Setup and analysis of PGSE experiments | p. 198 |
Introduction | p. 198 |
Selection of PGSE parameters | p. 199 |
Sample preparation | p. 204 |
Gradient calibration | p. 205 |
Analysis | p. 212 |
References | p. 215 |
PGSE hardware and sample problems | p. 221 |
Introduction | p. 221 |
RF problems | p. 221 |
Radiation damping and long-range dipolar field effects | p. 222 |
Convection and flow compensation | p. 226 |
Gradient constancy | p. 229 |
Background gradients | p. 230 |
Eddy currents and perturbation of B0 | p. 235 |
Gradient mismatch and sample movement | p. 242 |
Cross relaxation | p. 246 |
Homonuclear scalar couplings | p. 247 |
References | p. 248 |
Specialised PGSE and related techniques | p. 256 |
Introduction | p. 256 |
Steady gradient and stray field measurements | p. 256 |
Multiple quantum and heteronuclear | p. 258 |
Fast sequences | p. 262 |
Distributions of relaxation times | p. 269 |
Multi-dimensional mixture separation and diffusion editing | p. 269 |
Double PGSE and multi-dimensional correlations | p. 272 |
Flow measurements | p. 281 |
Electrophoretic NMR | p. 282 |
Multiple spin-echoes and miscellaneous | p. 286 |
References | p. 286 |
NMR imaging studies of translational motion | p. 296 |
Introduction | p. 296 |
Imaging - basic concepts | p. 297 |
Combining PGSE measurements with imaging | p. 297 |
Imaging-based flow measurements | p. 300 |
References | p. 303 |
B1 gradient methods | p. 308 |
Introduction | p. 308 |
B1 gradients | p. 308 |
B1 gradient diffusion measurements | p. 309 |
Miscellaneous | p. 310 |
References | p. 311 |
Applications | p. 313 |
Introduction and reviews | p. 313 |
Applications to high-resolution NMR | p. 314 |
Biological and pharmaceutical studies | p. 316 |
Chemical and material studies | p. 326 |
Spin-diffusion | p. 340 |
Imaging-based studies | p. 340 |
References | p. 344 |
Appendix | p. 369 |
Index | p. 377 |
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