Nonviolent Action: A Research Guide

by McCarthy,Ronald M.

• ISBN13: 9780815315773
• ISBN10: 0815315775
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-10-01
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

This comprehensive guide to research, sources, and theories about nonviolent action as a technique of struggle in social and political conficts discusses the methods and techniques used by groups in various encounters. Although violence and its causes have received a great deal of attention, nonviolent action has not received its due as an international phenomenon with a long history. An introduction that explains the theories and research used in the study provides a practical guide to this essential bibliography of English-language sources. The first part of the book covers case-study materials divided by region and subdivided by country. Within each country, materials are arranged chronologically and topically. The second major part examines the methods and theory of nonviolent action, principled nonviolence, and several closely related areas in social science, such as conflict analysis and social movements. The book is indexed by author and subject.

Table of Contents

Preface and Acknowledgments	xiii	(2)
Introduction	xv	(18)
How to Use This Book	xxxiii	(4)
Author's Note	xxxvii
Part I: Cases of Nonviolent Struggle	3	(488)
Chapter 1: Africa and the Middle East	5	(60)
Section I: Africa South of the Sahara	5	(41)
Ghana	11	(1)
Kenya	12	(1)
Nigeria	13	(2)
Women's War of 1929 and Other Women's Protests	13	(1)
Labor	14	(1)
South Africa	15	(26)
Struggles Against the Racial System	15	(6)
Gandhi-led Struggles, 1906-1914	21	(1)
Mass Action and Defiance, 1948-1960	22	(3)
From Sharpeville to Soweto and After,1960-1990	25	(5)
Churches	30	(1)
International Relations	31	(6)
Women's Struggles	37	(2)
Labor Under Apartheid	39	(2)
Zambia	41	(2)
Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia)	43	(3)
Economic Sanctions	43	(3)
Section II: North Africa and the Middle East	46	(19)
Arab League Boycott of Israel	47	(2)
OPEC Oil Boycott (Embargo), 1973	49	(2)
Egypt	51	(1)
Iran	51	(3)
Tobacco Boycott and Revolution, 1891-1909	52	(1)
Revolution Against the Shah, 1979-1980	53	(1)
Israel	54	(2)
Palestine	56	(1)
General Strike, 1936	56	(2)
Illegal Immigration of Jews During British Mandate, 1944-1948	58	(2)
Palestinians and the Intifadah, 1967-1992	60	(5)
Chapter 2: The Americas	65	(180)
Section I: Latin America and the Caribbean	65	(26)
Political and Social Conflict and Repression	65	(5)
Labor and Peasant Movements	70	(4)
Bolivia	74	(1)
Brazil	75	(6)
Anti-Slavery Movement	75	(1)
Political Conflicts Before 1964	76	(1)
Military Rule, 1964-1985	77	(4)
Chile	81	(6)
Opposition to the Allende Government, 1972-1973	81	(4)
Opposition to the Military Regime After 1973	85	(2)
El Salvador	87	(1)
Guatemala	88	(1)
Civic Strike, 1944	88	(1)
Other Conflicts	89	(1)
Mexico	89	(2)
Section II: Canada and the United States	91	(154)
Canada	91	(11)
Labor	91	(7)
Winnipeg General Strike, 1919	96	(2)
Other Conflicts	98	(4)
Doukhobors	101	(1)
United States of America	102	(53)
History and Interpretation	104	(4)
Quaker "Invasion" of Massachusetts	108	(2)
American Colonial Resistance and the Independence Movement, 1765-1775	110	(4)
Embargo and Nonintercourse, 1807-1812	114	(1)
Cherokee Resistance to Removal, 1827-1841	115	(3)
Antislavery Movements and Abolitionism Before 1861	118	(11)
Dorr Rebellion, 1841-1842	129	(1)
Mormon Flight From Homes, 1858	130	(2)
Women's Suffrage Movement, 1848-1920	132	(6)
Opposition to War and Expansionism	138	(5)
Philippines War and Imperialism, 1898-1900	142	(1)
Conscientious Objection and Opposition to World War I	143	(2)
Interwar Conscientious Objection and Opposition to World War II	145	(1)
Opposition to War, 1945-1960	146	(1)
Movement Against the Vietnam War, 1963-1971	146	(9)
Labor	155	(34)
Nineteenth Century	163	(6)
Great Strike of 1877	166	(1)
Pullman Strike and Rail Boycotts of 1894	167	(2)
Twentieth Century	169	(20)
Industrial Workers of the World	174	(3)
Steel Strike of 1919	177	(1)
Sit-Down Strikes, 1930s	178	(1)
Professionals' Strikes	179	(2)
Agricultural Labor to 1960	181	(3)
Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers	184	(3)
General Strikes	187	(2)
Seattle, 1919	187	(1)
San Francisco, 1934	188	(1)
Terre Haute, 1935	189	(1)
Other Conflicts Before 1960	189	(2)
Anti-Nazi Boycott	189	(1)
Blacklisting in Entertainment	190	(1)
Struggle for Desegregation and Civil Rights	191	(37)
March on Washington Movement, 1941-1942	194	(2)
Civil Rights Movement	196	(32)
Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955-1956	211	(1)
Sit-Ins and Freedom Rides, 1960-1962	212	(2)
Marches and Mass Protest, 1962-1964	214	(2)
Mississippi Freedom Summer, 1964	216	(2)
Selma, Alabama, Voting Rights Campaign, 1965	218	(1)
Massive Resistance	219	(2)
Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968)	221	(7)
Biography	221	(4)
Interpretation	225	(2)
Works	227	(1)
Other Movements and Conflicts Since 1960	228	(17)
Student Movements	232	(7)
Native Americans	239	(1)
Nazi-Skokie Controversy	240	(1)
Anti-Nuclear Power Movement	240	(2)
Nonviolent Opposition to Nuclear Weapons	242	(3)
Chapter 3: Asia and the Pacific	245	(104)
Australia	245	(7)
Labor	246	(2)
Environmental Movement	248	(1)
Green Bans	249	(1)
Anti-Vietnam War Movement	250	(1)
Queensland Civil Liberties Campaign	251	(1)
Burma	252	(1)
China	252	(12)
Before 1948	253	(3)
May Fourth Movement, 1919	254	(2)
After 1948	256	(8)
Democracy Movement, 1977-1981	257	(3)
Democracy Movement, 1988-89	260	(4)
India	264	(56)
Nonviolent Struggle in the National Movement	264	(26)
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries	266	(2)
Independence Struggle Before the Arrival of Gandhi	268	(1)
Independence Movement, 1907-1947	269	(21)
Gandhi's Return to India and Champaran Campaign	276	(1)
Rowlatt Bills Satyagraha and Champaigns to 1928	277	(4)
Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre, Amritsar, 1919	281	(2)
Simon Commission, Round Table Conferences, and Civil Disobedience, 1928-1933	283	(4)
From 1933 to Independence in 1947	287	(3)
Mohandas K. Gandhi (1869-1948)	290	(27)
Analysis and Interpretation	291	(10)
Biography	301	(7)
Memoirs	308	(1)
Works	309	(8)
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1890-1988)	317	(1)
Sarvodaya and Other Post-Gandhian Movements	318	(2)
Japan	320	(6)
Opposition to the Security Treaty of 1960	323	(1)
Environmental Conflict	324	(1)
Labor	325	(1)
Korea	326	(6)
Precolonial	327	(1)
Under Japanese Domination	328	(3)
Post-Independence	331	(1)
New Zealand (Aotearoa)	332	(5)
Maori Resistance and the Parihaka Movement	332	(2)
Recent Maori Politics	334	(1)
Conscientious Objection	334	(1)
Protest Against Sports with South African Teams	335	(1)
Labor and Agriculture	336	(1)
The Philippines	337	(5)
Revolution of 1986	337	(5)
Tibet	342	(1)
Western Samoa	342	(2)
Mau Movement Against New Zealand Mandate, 1919-1936	342	(2)
Vietnam	344	(5)
Opposition to South Vietnamese Government	344	(3)
Prison Camp Resistance in North Vietnam	347	(2)
Chapter 4: Europe	349	(142)
Opposition and Resistance to Nazi Occupation, 1939-1945	350	(7)
Jewish Resistance	353	(3)
Hiding and Rescue of Jews	356	(1)
Protest and Dissent Since 1945	357	(2)
Austria	359	(1)
Under Nazi Domination	359	(1)
The Baltics	360	(2)
Bulgaria	362	(1)
Saving of Bulgarian Jews	362	(1)
Czechoslovakia	363	(9)
German Rule, 1938-1945	363	(1)
Dubcek Period and Warsaw Pact Invasion, 1968-1969	364	(5)
Charter 77 Movement	369	(3)
Denmark	372	(3)
Occupation and Rescue of Danish Jews, 1939-1945	372	(3)
Finland	375	(2)
France	377	(7)
Algiers Generals' Putsch, 1961	380	(1)
Events of May 1968	381	(3)
Germany	384	(15)
Before 1945	384	(3)
World War I Mutinies	384	(1)
Kapp Putsch, 1920	385	(1)
Ruhrkampf, 1923	386	(1)
Opposition and Resistance to Nazism	387	(8)
Weisse Rose	394	(1)
Federal Republic of Germany	395	(2)
Green Movement	396	(1)
German Democratic Republic	397	(2)
East Berlin Uprising, 1953	397	(1)
1980s and Berlin Wall	398	(1)
Great Britain	399	(21)
Before 1900	400	(1)
Women's Suffrage Movement	401	(3)
Soldiers' Protests, 1917-1919	404	(1)
Conscientious Objection and Inter-War Peace Movement	404	(2)
Labor	406	(12)
Nineteenth Century	407	(2)
Twentieth Century	409	(9)
General Strike, May 1926	410	(5)
Protests and Hunger Marches by the Unemployed	415	(1)
Labor Since 1945	415	(3)
Miners' Strike of 1984	417	(1)
Political Protest and Conflict Since 1945	418	(2)
Hungary	420	(5)
Revolution of 1848 and Movements Against Austrian Rule, 1848-1867	420	(1)
Rescue of Hungarian Jews, 1944-1945	421	(1)
Revolution, 1956-1957	422	(3)
Ireland	425	(6)
Land League Era	426	(3)
Nationalism and Republicanism Before 1919	429	(2)
Ireland, Northern	431	(8)
Civil Rights Campaign and People's Democracy, 1967-1972	434	(2)
General Strike of 1974	436	(1)
Peace People and Campaign Against Political Violence	437	(1)
Prison Protests and Hunger Strikes of 1980-81	437	(2)
Italy	439	(2)
Resistance to Fascism and War	440	(1)
The Netherlands	441	(3)
Nazi Occupation, 1940-1945	441	(3)
Norway	444	(3)
Nazi Occupation and Fascist Rule, 1940-1945	444	(3)
Poland	447	(18)
Nazi Occupation and Fascist Rule, 1940-1945	447	(1)
Political and Labor Struggles Since 1956	448	(5)
1980s	453	(12)
Solidarity, 1980-1981	455	(7)
Martial Law and After, 1981-1989	462	(3)
Rome, Ancient	465	(1)
Russia	466	(25)
Russian Revolution	467	(9)
Revolution of 1905-1906	468	(6)
Revolution of 1917, February-July	474	(2)
Political Opposition and Prison Camp Strikes	476	(1)
Political Dissent, 1960 to 1980s	477	(14)
Part II: Studies of Nonviolent Action and Related Fields	491	(164)
Chapter 5: Methods and Dynamics of Nonviolent Action	493	(102)
Section I: Methods of Nonviolent Action	493	(54)
Methods of Protest and Persuasion	494	(11)
Symbols and Statements	495	(3)
Music, Song, and Theater	498	(4)
Assemblies, Marches, and Processions	502	(3)
Methods of Noncooperation	505	(36)
Methods of Social Noncooperation	506	(2)
Sports Boycotts	507	(1)
Methods of Economic Noncooperation	508	(20)
International Economic Sanctions	511	(6)
Strikes	517	(9)
Slow-Downs	525	(1)
General Strikes	526	(2)
Methods of Political Noncooperation	528	(13)
Civil Disobedience	528	(9)
Sanctuary	537	(2)
Noncooperation in Government and Military	539	(2)
Methods of Nonviolent Intervention	541	(1)
Psychological Intervention	541	(1)
Fasts and Hunger Strikes	541	(1)
Physical Intervention	542	(5)
Encampments	543	(1)
Sit-ins and Occupations	544	(1)
Blockades and Voyages of Intervention	544	(3)
Section II: Dynamics of Nonviolent Action	547	(37)
Technique and Concepts of Nonviolent Action	547	(19)
Technique of Nonviolent Action	549	(9)
Concepts and Studies of Nonviolent Action	558	(8)
Preparations for Nonviolent Struggle	566	(5)
Manuals and Handbooks	567	(1)
Organizing and Community Organizations	568	(2)
Training	570	(1)
Legal Aspects of Nonviolent Action	571	(4)
Applications of Nonviolent Struggle	575	(9)
Civilian-Based Defense	577	(5)
Nonviolent Revolution	582	(2)
Section III: Pacifism, Principle, and War	584	(11)
Pacifism and Principled Nonviolence	584	(11)
War Resistance and Peace	588	(1)
Conscientious Objection	589	(2)
Historic Peace Churches	591	(4)
Chapter 6: Theory and Research on Conflict, Power, and Violence	595	(60)
Section I: Conflict and its Dynamics	595	(8)
Section II: Political Power	603	(12)
Power and Sanctions	608	(1)
Power, Sanctions, and the State	609	(2)
Obligation, Persuasion, and Control	611	(4)
Section III: Political Violence	615	(15)
Aggression and Violence	625	(3)
Genocide and Mass Violence	628	(2)
Section IV: Collective Action	630	(25)
Collective Action and Social Movements	631	(8)
Leadership	639	(1)
Conflict Resolution	640	(4)
Peace Movements	644	(2)
Resistance and Revolution	646	(9)
Seizure of Power	652	(3)
Subject Index	655	(35)
Author Index	690