Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation

by Diehl, Sarah J.; Moltz, James Clay

• ISBN13: 9781576073612
• ISBN10: 1576073610
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-10-01
• Publisher: Abc-Clio Inc

Summary

SERIES HIGHLIGHTS: - Thematic essay and topical entry formats- Extensive resources for further research- Coverage of critical issues facing America and the world

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
History of Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation	1	(26)
Early Scientific Developments	1	(2)
Military Uses of Nuclear Fission	3	(1)
U.S. Use of Nuclear Weapons against Imperial Japan	4	(2)
Early Efforts to Control Nuclear Weapons	6	(1)
Expanding the Nuclear Club and Weapon Arsenals	7	(1)
Renewed Efforts at Control under Eisenhower	8	(1)
Development of Delivery Systems: Bombers, Missiles, and Submarines	9	(1)
Efforts to Halt Atmospheric Nuclear Testing	10	(1)
The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Limited Test Ban Treaty	11	(2)
New Nuclear Powers and the Evolution of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1970	13	(1)
The Early 1970s: Detente and the Beginnings of U.S.-Soviet Nuclear Arms Control	14	(1)
Efforts to Halt Horizontal Proliferation to New Countries	15	(1)
The Late 1970s and 1980s: From Arms-Racing to Negotiated Reductions	16	(2)
New Threats to the Nonproliferation Regime: Iraq and North Korea	18	(2)
Successes in International Nonproliferation Efforts in the Early to Mid-1990s	20	(1)
New Threats to the Nonproliferation Regime: The Late 1990s to the Present	21	(2)
Today's Nuclear Dilemma	23	(2)
References and Further Reading	25	(2)
Issues and Controversies	27	(26)
Nuclear Weapons and Their Role during the Cold War	28	(3)
What Is the Role of Nuclear Weapons Today?	31	(1)
Are Nuclear Weapons Safe?	32	(1)
What Is the ``Right'' Number of Nuclear Weapons?	33	(3)
Could Terrorists Acquire Nuclear Weapons and Bomb-Making Material?	36	(3)
Environmental and Health Effects of Nuclear Weapon Production	39	(2)
Why Haven't Nuclear Weapons Spread to More Countries?	41	(2)
Missile Defenses and Efforts to Defend against Nuclear Attacks	43	(1)
The Debate on the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty	44	(2)
Efforts to Eliminate Nuclear Weapons	46	(4)
Final Considerations	50	(1)
References and Further Reading	51	(2)
Chronology	53	(108)
References and Further Reading	158	(3)
People and Events	161	(36)
People	161	(18)
Bhabha, Homi Jehangir (1909--1966)	161	(2)
Caldicott, Helen Broinowski (1938--)	163	(1)
Fuchs, Klaus (1911--1988)	164	(1)
Khan, Abdul Qadeer (1936--)	165	(2)
Kurchatov, Igor (1903--1960)	167	(2)
Nie Rongzhen (1899--1992)	169	(1)
Oppenheimer, J. Robert (1904--1967)	170	(2)
Rotblat, Joseph (1908--)	172	(2)
Sakharov, Andrei (1921--1989)	174	(3)
Teller, Edward (1908--)	177	(2)
Events	179	(18)
U.S. Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: August 1945	179	(2)
U.S. Test of First Thermonuclear (Hydrogen) Device, Mike: November 1, 1952	181	(2)
Cuban Missile Crisis: October 1962	183	(1)
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: July 1968	184	(3)
Nuclear Weapons Freeze Demonstration: June 12, 1982	187	(2)
Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Program (November 1991--)	189	(1)
Disclosure of South Africa's Dismantled Nuclear Weapon Program: March 24, 1993	190	(2)
U.S.--North Korean Agreed Framework: October 21, 1994	192	(2)
India and Pakistan Test Nuclear Weapons: May 1998	194	(3)
Facts and Documents	197	(60)
Facts	198	(15)
Nuclear Materials and Technologies	198	(7)
Worldwide Nuclear Weapon Stockpiles	205	(1)
Nuclear Testing	205	(2)
Nuclear Weapon--Free Zones	207	(2)
Radioactivity and Human Health	209	(1)
The Cost of Nuclear Weapons	209	(4)
Documents	213	(44)
Letter from Albert Einstein to President Roosevelt	213	(3)
Petition to President Truman from Scientists at the Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory	216	(2)
The U.S. Military Order to Drop the Atomic Bomb on Japan	218	(1)
Official U.S. Report on the Atomic Bomb's Effects in Hiroshima and Nagasaki	219	(7)
The Founding Document of the Nonproliferation Regime	226	(7)
Agreements Reached at the 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference	233	(5)
International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion on Nuclear Weapons	238	(8)
Report of the Canberra Commission on Nuclear Disarmament	246	(7)
U.S.--Russian Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty (Moscow Treaty)	253	(4)
Organizations, Associations, and Governmental Agencies	257	(26)
International Organizations	257	(10)
U.S. Government Agencies	267	(8)
Nongovernmental Organizations	275	(8)
Selected Print and Nonprint Resources	283	(54)
Print Resources	283	(34)
Books	283	(26)
Selected Governmental and Nongovernmental Reports	309	(5)
Periodicals	314	(3)
Nonprint Resources	317	(20)
CD-ROM	317	(1)
Videos and Films	317	(8)
Websites	325	(12)
Glossary and Acronyms	337	(8)
Index	345	(31)
About the Authors	376