Nutrition: A Culinary Approach

by Eaton, Mary Anne; Rouslin, Janet; Ware, Claudette Levesque; Ware, Bradley J.

• ISBN13: 9780757500909
• ISBN10: 0757500900
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-08-19
• Publisher: Kendall Hunt Pub Co

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Exploring Nutrition	1	(16)
Introduction	2	(1)
What is Nutrition?	2	(3)
Terminology of Nutrition	2	(2)
Nutritional Status	4	(1)
Why Is Nutrition So Important?	5	(5)
Culinary Focus on Food	5	(1)
Selecting Food: Why is the choice so difficult?	5	(3)
Constructing a Good Diet	8	(2)
Who are the Authorities on Nutrition?	10	(1)
Individual Assessment of Nutritional Status	11	(4)
Anthropometry	13	(1)
Biochemical Analysis	13	(1)
Clinical Methods	13	(1)
Dietary Methods	13	(1)
Population Assessment of Nutritional Status	14	(1)
Culinary Corner: Career Opportunities in the Dietetic Field	15	(1)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	15	(2)
Dietary Standards	17	(16)
Introduction	18	(1)
Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)	18	(1)
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)	19	(1)
Dietary Guidelines	19	(2)
Overall Nutrition Goals for the Nation	21	(1)
Food Composition Tables	22	(1)
Food Labels	22	(2)
Requirements on the Food Label	23	(1)
Nutrition Information	23	(1)
Food Guide Pyramid	24	(4)
Cultural Adaptations to the Food Guide Pyramid	26	(1)
The Food Guide Pyramid: Advantages and Disadvantages	27	(1)
Exchange Lists for Meal Planning	28	(1)
Go Ahead and Eat!	28	(1)
Culinary Corner: Using the Mediterranean Pyramid for Menu Planning	28	(1)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	29	(4)
Sensory Evaluation	33	(14)
Introduction	34	(1)
Subjective Testing	34	(1)
The Physiological Basis of Sensory Evaluation: How Do We Perceive Food?	34	(4)
Sight	34	(1)
Smell	35	(1)
Taste	35	(3)
Umami	38	(1)
What is Flavor?	38	(1)
Sensory Evaluation of Food	38	(3)
Appearance	38	(1)
Odor or Aroma	39	(1)
Texture	39	(2)
Sensitivities to Flavor	41	(1)
Food Choices	41	(1)
Culinary Corner: Flavor Interactions	42	(1)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	42	(5)
Carbohydrates	47	(16)
Introduction	48	(1)
Types of Carbohydrates	49	(4)
Simple Sugars: Monosaccharides	49	(1)
Simple Sugars: Disaccharides	50	(1)
Complex Carbohydrates: Polysaccharides	50	(3)
Carbohydrate Requirements	53	(1)
Carbohydrate Digestion	54	(1)
Carbohydrate Metabolism: How the Body Uses Glucose	54	(4)
The Role of Insulin	55	(1)
The Role of Glucagon	55	(1)
The Glycemic Index	55	(1)
Abnormal Carbohydrate Metabolism	55	(3)
Sugar and Sugar Alternatives	58	(1)
Alternative Sweeteners	58	(1)
Culinary Corner: Creative Ways of Increasing Complex Carbohydrates	59	(1)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	60	(3)
Lipids	63	(26)
Introduction	64	(1)
Classification of Lipids	64	(8)
Triglycerides	66	(1)
Essential Fatty Acids	66	(1)
Chain Length	67	(1)
Degree of Saturation	67	(1)
Hydrogenated Fats	68	(1)
Phospholipids	69	(2)
Sterols	71	(1)
Lipid Requirements	72	(2)
Lipid Functions	74	(1)
Lipid Digestion	74	(2)
The Mouth	74	(1)
The Stomach	75	(1)
The Intestines	75	(1)
Lipid Transportation	76	(1)
Chylomicrons	76	(1)
Very Low-Density Lipoproteins (VLDL)	77	(1)
Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL)	77	(1)
High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL)	77	(1)
Lipid Metabolism	77	(1)
Feasting	78	(1)
Fasting	78	(1)
Health Issues	78	(3)
Heart Disease	78	(1)
Cholesterol	78	(1)
Saturated Fats and Trans-Fatty Acids	79	(1)
Polyunsaturated and Monounsaturated Fats	79	(1)
Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids	79	(2)
Fiber	81	(1)
Culinary Considerations	81	(1)
Fat Replacers	82	(1)
Culinary Corner: Olive Oil	82	(4)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	86	(3)
Protein	89	(20)
Introduction	90	(2)
Protein Functions in the Body	92	(2)
Structural Proteins	92	(1)
Regulatory Proteins	92	(2)
Energy Production	94	(1)
Protein Requirements	94	(4)
Insufficient Protein Intakes	95	(1)
Excessive Protein Intakes	96	(2)
Protein Digestion	98	(1)
The Mouth	98	(1)
The Stomach	98	(1)
The Intestines	98	(1)
Protein Metabolism	99	(1)
Vegetarianism	100	(4)
Mutual Supplementation	101	(1)
Advantages of Vegan Diets	102	(1)
Disadvantages of Vegan Diets	102	(1)
Soy Protein	103	(1)
Culinary Corner: Food Allergies	104	(1)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	105	(4)
Vitamins/Minerals	109	(42)
Introduction	110	(1)
Body Regulation	111	(1)
Fat-Soluble Vitamins	111	(7)
Vitamin A	112	(3)
Vitamin D	115	(1)
Vitamin E	116	(1)
Vitamin K	117	(1)
Water-Soluble Vitamins	118	(7)
Functions of B Complex Vitamins	118	(4)
Deficiencies of B Complex Vitamins	122	(1)
Toxicities of B Complex Vitamins	122	(1)
Food Sources of B Complex Vitamins	122	(1)
B Vitamins and Cardiovascular Disease	123	(1)
Vitamin C	123	(2)
Minerals	125	(1)
Types of Minerals	125	(1)
Major Minerals	126	(4)
Calcium Deficiency and Osteoporosis	126	(1)
Phosphorous	127	(1)
Magnesium	127	(1)
Sodium	127	(1)
Sodium and Hypertension	128	(1)
Dash Approach (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)	128	(1)
Chloride	129	(1)
Potassium	129	(1)
Sulfur	130	(1)
The Trace Minerals	130	(4)
Iron	130	(1)
Functions of Iron	131	(1)
Sources of Iron	131	(1)
Deficiency and Toxicity of Iron	131	(1)
Zinc	132	(1)
Iodine	132	(1)
Selenium	133	(1)
Copper	133	(1)
Manganese	133	(1)
Fluoride	133	(1)
Chromium	133	(1)
Molybdenum	134	(1)
Summary of Major and Trace Minerals	134	(1)
Water: The Most Essential Nutrient	134	(6)
Water Balance	134	(5)
Disturbances in Water Balance: Dehydration and Water Intoxication	139	(1)
Fluid Needs	140	(1)
Probiotics and Prebiotics	140	(1)
Herbal Supplements	141	(1)
Culinary Corner: Phytochemicals	141	(5)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	146	(5)
Digestion	151	(20)
Introduction	152	(1)
The Digestive System	152	(2)
Parts of the Digestive Tract	154	(4)
The Mouth	156	(1)
The Esophagus	157	(1)
The Stomach	157	(1)
The Small Intestine	158	(1)
The Large Intestine	158	(1)
Ancillary Organs to the Digestive Tract	158	(1)
The Gallbladder	158	(1)
The Pancreas	159	(1)
The Liver	159	(1)
The Digestive System as a Whole	159	(1)
Absorption	160	(2)
Anatomy of the Small Intestine	160	(1)
Types of Absorption	161	(1)
Delivery Systems of Nutrients	161	(1)
Metabolism of the Nutrients	162	(2)
Types of Energy Metabolism	163	(1)
Alcohol	164	(2)
Introduction	164	(1)
Physiological Consequences of Alcohol	164	(1)
The Role of the Liver	165	(1)
Short-Term Complications of Excessive Alcohol	165	(1)
The Long-Term Effects of Excessive Alcohol Consumption	166	(1)
Moderate Consumption of Alcohol and the French Paradox	166	(1)
Culinary Corner: Cooking with Wine	166	(2)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	168	(3)
Energy Balance, Weight Control, and Exercise	171	(28)
Introduction: Energy Balance	172	(3)
Basal Metabolic Rate	172	(2)
Physical Activity	174	(1)
The Thermic Effect of Food	174	(1)
Total Energy Needs	174	(1)
Assessment of Body Weight, Body Composition, and Overall Health	175	(3)
Methods of Assessing Body Weight: Height/Weight Standards	176	(1)
Body Mass Index (BMI)	176	(1)
Assessing Body Composition: Fat versus Lean	177	(1)
Concerns and Causes of Too Much Body Fat and Too Little Body Fat	178	(6)
Control of Food Intake	178	(1)
Concerns of Too Much Body Fat or Weight	179	(1)
Causes of Obesity	179	(2)
The Treatment of Obesity, Healthy Management of Weight	181	(1)
A Well-Balanced Guide to Weight Management	182	(1)
Concerns of Too Little Body Fat or Weight	183	(1)
Causes of Too Little Body Fat or Weight	183	(1)
Anorexia Nervosa	183	(1)
Bulimia Nervosa	183	(1)
Female Athlete Triad	184	(1)
The Role of Exercise in Maintaining Optimal Weight and Health	184	(5)
Health Benefits of Exercise	184	(1)
Exercise and Aging	185	(1)
Exercise Throughout the Lifespan	186	(1)
Physical Fitness: Aerobic and Anaerobic Activity	186	(1)
Starting a Safe Exercise Program	186	(2)
Steps for a Safe Exercise Session	188	(1)
Culinary Corner: Sports Nutrition	189	(7)
Energy	189	(1)
Protein	190	(1)
Vitamins and Minerals	190	(1)
Ergogenic Aids	190	(6)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	196	(3)
Nutrition and the Lifespan	199	(36)
Introduction	200	(1)
The Importance of Good Nutrition	200	(1)
The Beginning of Life	201	(6)
Pregnancy	201	(1)
The Stages of Pregnancy: From Zygote to Embryo to Fetus	201	(1)
Weight Gain in Pregnancy	202	(2)
Energy Needs and Leading Nutrients	204	(2)
Concerns During Pregnancy	206	(1)
Medical Considerations	206	(1)
Common Discomforts	206	(1)
The Continuation of Growth	207	(17)
Breastfeeding	207	(1)
Infancy	208	(7)
Childhood	215	(5)
Adolescence	220	(4)
The End of the Beginning	224	(7)
Adulthood	224	(7)
Culinary Corner	231	(1)
The Bonus of Culinary Nutrition: Eating Well at Any Age	231	(1)
Culinary Corner Recipes and Activities	231	(4)
Appendix A	235	(2)
Appendix B	237	(94)
Appendix C	331	(14)
Appendix D	345	(8)
Appendix E	353	(16)
Appendix F	369	(10)
Index	379