Occupational and Environmental Health Recognizing and Preventing Disease and Injury

by Levy, Barry S.; Wegman, David H.; Baron, Sherry L.; Sokas, Rosemary K.

• ISBN13: 9780195397888
• ISBN10: 0195397886
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2011-01-25
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Occupational and environmental health is the public health and multidisciplinary approach to the recognition, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of disease, injuries, and other adverse health conditions resulting from hazardous environmental exposures in the workplace, the home, or the community. These are essential elements of public health practice and a core of the curriculum in the schools of public health. Thoroughly updated and expanded upon, the sixth edition of Occupational and Environmental Health provides comprehensive coverage and a clear understanding of occupational and environmental health and its relationships to public health, environmental science, and governmental policy. New chapters include Toxicology; The Roles of Government and International Organizations; and Risk Communication in Workplaces and Communities. The authors also expand on chapters included in previous chapters, and the book features practical case studies, numerous tables, graphs, and photos, and annotated bibliographies. Reviews for previous editions: "This text goes a long way in meeting the need for a brief overview of the entire field. The quality of writing is in general excellent, and this is a physically attractive book. Chapters are concise and to the point. The use of illustrative cases in many of the chapters is a definite plus. This an excellent book and a mainstay for introductory courses in the field."-- The American Journal of Industrial Medicine "It achieves a good blend of practical application, together with the elements of the supporting sciences, such as toxicology and epidemiology, as well the social context. It is a useful text to inform and support day-to-day practice, to educate students, and to help with examinations. If I had not received a reviewer's copy, i would have bought the book out of my own pocket. "--Occupational and Environmental Medicine "The book is geared primarily to medical personnel and professionals, but it contains many chapters that would be of use to nearly everyone. It is a delight to read." --Journal of Community Health

Table of Contents

Section I. Work, Environment, and Health
Chapter 1 Occupational and Environmental Health: 21st Century Challenges and Opportunities
Barry S. Levy, David H. Wegman, Sherry L. Baron, and Rosemary K. Sokas

Chapter 2 Recognizing and Preventing Occupational and Environmental Disease and Injury
Rosemary K. Sokas, Barry S. Levy, David H. Wegman, and Sherry L. Baron
Box 2-1: Avoiding the Transfer of Risk: Cleaner Production and Pollution Prevention
Rafael Moure-Eraso
Box 2-2: Effectively Educating Workers and Communities
Margaret Quinn and Nancy Lessin
Box 2-3: Labor-Management Safety Committees
Box 2-4: How to Use the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Michael Silverstein
Box 2-5: Essentials of the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
James L. Weeks
Box 2-6: How to Request Assistance from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
Michelle Watters

Chapter 3 Occupational and Environmental Health Surveillance
Kerry Souza, Letitia Davis, and Jeffrey Shire
Box 3-1: Hazard Surveillance
Box 3-2: Asthma Surveillance in California: Combining Environmental and Occupational Health Surveillance
Jennifer Flattery
Box 3-3: National Childhood Blood Lead Surveillance
Lemuel Turner
Box 3-4: Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Surveillance
Shahed Iqbal, Fuyuen Yip, Jacquelyn Clower, and Paul Garbe
Box 3-5: Environmental Public Health Tracking Network
Box 3-6: Surveillance for Childhood Lead Poisoning Reveals Workplace Lead Problem
Box 3-7: Infectious Disease Surveillance and Occupation
Box 3-8: Occupational Health Reporting Requirements in New Jersey
Box 3-9: Tracking Lead Exposure to Workers: The Massachusetts Blood Lead Registry
Rick Rabin

Chapter 4 Occupational and Environmental Health Equity and Social Justice
Sherry Baron and Sacoby Wilson
Box 4-1: Child Labor
Susan Gunn
Box 4-2: Women construction workers: An example of sexual harassment in the workplace
Box 4-3: Children as a Special Population at Risk for Environmental Hazards
Adam Spanier
Box 4-4: The Export of Hazard
Barry S. Levy

Chapter 5 Global Environmental Hazards
Simon Hales, Robyn Lucas, and Anthony J. McMichael
Box 5-1. Chemical reactions in the destruction of ozone
Box 5-2: Examples of health risks arising from global trade processes
Box 5-3: Interactions between climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion

Section II. Hazardous Exposures
Chapter 6 Outdoor Air Pollution
Isabelle Romieu, Mauricio Hernández Avila, and Fernando Holguin
Chapter 7 Indoor Air Quality
Mark R. Cullen and Kathleen Kreiss
Box 7-1: Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Kathleen Kreiss
Box 7-2: Exposure to Biomass Fuel Fumes
John R. Balmes

Chapter 8 Water Contamination and Wastewater Treatment
Jeffrey A. Foran
Box 8-1: Generalized Steps in the Treatment of Sanitary Waste Prior to its Discharge to Surface Waters
Box 8-2: General Steps Used in the Treatment of Drinking Water
Box 8-3: The Debate Over Regulation of Atrazine
Box 8-4 Coal Waste and Water Quality

Chapter 9 Food Safety
Craig W. Hedberg
Chapter 10 Hazardous Waste
Denny Dobbin, Rodney D. Turpin, Ken Silver, and Michelle Watters
Box 10-1: Asbestos in Libby, Montana

Chapter 11 Chemical Hazards
Michael Gochfeld and Robert Laumbach
Box 11-1: An Ecohealth Approach to Mercury Contamination
Donna Mergler

Chapter 12A Vibration
Martin G. Cherniack
Box 12A-1. Definitions
Box 12A-2. Standard Elements in Diagnosing HAVS
Chapter 12B Extremes of Temperature
Ann M. Krake
Box 12B-1: Physical Hazards Related to Hyperbaric and Hypobaric Environments and Their Adverse
Health Effects
John Halpin
Box 12B-2: Climate Change, Workplace Heat, and Health
Tord Kjellstrom
Chapter 12C Ionizing and Nonionizing Radiation
John Cardarelli

Chapter 13 Biological Hazards
Mark Russi

Chapter 14 Occupational Stress
Joseph J. Hurrell, Jr.
Box 14-1: Time, Work, Stress, and Well-Being in
Society
Sherry L. Baron and SangWoo Tak
Box 14-2: Shiftwork
David H. Wegman and SangWoo Tak

Section III. Adverse Health Effects
Chapter 15 Injuries and Occupational Safety
Dawn N. Castillo, Timothy J. Pizatella, and Nancy Stout
Box 15-1: Injuries Are a Major Public Health Problem
Box 15-2: Hispanics Are a Priority Population for Occupational Injury Prevention
Box 15-3: The Youngest and Oldest Workers Present Challenges and Opportunities for Prevention
Box 15-4: Unique Challenges for Prevention of Roadway Occupational Deaths and Injuries
Box 15-5: Workplace Violence -- A Complex Workplace Injury Phenomenon
Box 15-6: Unique Role for Public Health Agencies in Occupational Safety

Chapter 16 Musculoskeletal Disorders
Barbara Silverstein and Bradley Evanoff
Box 16-1: Plumber's Knee
Box 16-2: The choice of a health care provider for injured workers is important
Box 16-3: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Case

Chapter 17 Cancer
Elizabeth Ward

Chapter 18 Respiratory Disorders
Amy M. Nuernberg and David C. Christiani
Box 18-1: Childhood Asthma

Chapter 19 Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders
Edward L. Baker, Jr., and Nancy L. Fiedler

Chapter 20 Reproductive and Developmental Disorders
Linda M. Frazier and Deborah Barkin Fromer
Box 20-1: DBCP: A Potent Male Reproductive Toxicant
Barry S. Levy

Chapter 21 Noise Exposure and Hearing Disorders
Thais C. Morata, David C. Byrne, and Peter M. Rabinowitz
Box 21-1: Case of hearing loss following noise and chemical exposures
Box 21-2: Case of noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus

Chapter 22 Skin Disorders
Loren C. Tapp and Boris D. Lushniak

Chapter 23 Cardiovascular Disorders
Kenneth D. Rosenman

Section IV. Recognition, Assessment, and Prevention
Chapter 24 Epidemiology
Jennifer M. Cavallari, Ellen A. Eisen, David H. Wegman, and Marie S. O'Neill
Box 24-1. Guide for Evaluating Epidemiologic Studies

Chapter 25 Toxicology
Robert Laumbach and Michael Gochfeld
Box 25-1: Definitions

Chapter 26 Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
Thomas J. Smith and John D. Meeker
Box 26-1. Assessing Indoor Air Pollution
Box 26-2: Nanoparticles: Occupational and Environmental Exposures, Health Effects, and Control Measures
Margaret Quinn

Chapter 27 Occupational Ergonomics: Promoting Safety and Health Through Work Design
W. Monroe Keyserling
Box 27-1: Ergonomic Approaches to Prevention

Chapter 28 Clinical Occupational and Environmental Health Practice
Gary Greenberg and Bonnie Rogers
Box 28-1: The Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics

Chapter 29 Risk Communication and Information Dissemination
Paul Schulte, Scott Schneider, and Ray Sinclair
Box 29-1: Environmental Risk Communication
Craig W. Trumbo

Chapter 30 Government Regulation of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety in the United
States and the European Union
Nicholas A. Ashford and Charles C. Caldart

Chapter 31 Legal Remedies
Leslie I. Boden, Peter S. Barth, Neil T. Leifer, David C. Strouss, Emily A. Spieler, and Patricia A. Roche
Box 31-1. When Employers are Subject to Lawsuits for Workplace Injuries and Illnesses
Box 31-2: Permanent Disability Benefits in the People's Republic of China

Section V. An Integrated Approach to Prevention
Chapter 32 The Roles of Labor Unions
Robin Baker, Laura Stock, and Valeria Velazquez
Box 32-1: Glossary of Key Labor Terms
Box 32-2: Names of Major Unions
Box 32-3: Sample Health and Safety Contract Language
Box 32-4: Advocating for Healthy Jobs


Chapter 33 The Roles of Environmental Nongovernmental Organizations
Kathleen M. Rest
Box 33-1: Principles of Environmental Justice
Box 33-2: Ceres Principles

Chapter 34 Conducting Worksite Investigations
Bruce Bernard
Box 34-1: Silica Exposure Among Roofing-Tile Workers
Box 34-2: Chlorine Exposure Among Lifeguards at an Indoor Swimming Resort
Box 34-3: Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among Casino Dealers
Box 34-4: Indoor Air Quality and Cancer

Chapter 35 Responding to Community Environmental Health Concerns
Henry A. Anderson and Henry Nehls-Lowe

Chapter 36 Addressing Health and Safety Hazards in Specific Industries: Agriculture, Construction, and Health Care
Sherry L. Baron, Andrea L. Steege, Laura S. Welch, and Jane A. Lipscomb
Box 36-1: Livestock workers

Chapter 37 Protecting Disaster Rescue and Recovery Workers
Dori B. Reissman and John Piacentino
Box 37-1: Public and Environmental Health Issues in Disasters

Chapter 38 Implementing Programs and Policies for a Healthy Workforce
Martin Cherniack and Laura Punnett

Chapter 39 Addressing the Built Environment and Health
Richard J. Jackson

Appendix: Illustrative Nongovernmental Organizations