Occurrence and Analysis of Organometallic Compounds in the Environment

by Crompton, T. R.

• ISBN13: 9780471976073
• ISBN10: 0471976075
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1998-05-08
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

Occurrence and Analysis of Organometallic Compounds in the Environment is essential reading for all organometallic and analytical chemists, environmentalists, and toxicologists working in the field.

Author Biography

T. R. Crompton is the author of Occurrence and Analysis of Organometallic Compounds in the Environment, published by Wiley.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
1 Introduction	1	(4)
2 Concentrations of Organometallic Compounds in the Ecosystem	5	(30)
2.1 The River Ecosystem	5	(1)
2.2 Coastal Water Ecosystem	6	(4)
2.3 Open Seawater Ecosystem	10	(10)
2.4 Fish and Other Creatures in the Ecosystem	20	(6)
2.4.1 Fish	22	(3)
2.4.2 Crustacea	25	(1)
2.5 The Phytoplankton and Weed Ecosystem	26	(2)
2.6 The Soil and Crops Ecosystem	28	(2)
2.6.1 Consequences of Applying Sewage Sludge to Land	29	(1)
2.7 Potable Water	30	(1)
2.8 The Atmospheric Ecosystem	31	(1)
References	32	(3)
3 Toxic Effects of Organometallic Compounds	35	(26)
3.1 Toxicity Data	35	(14)
3.1.1 Introduction	35	(1)
3.1.2 Organomercury Compounds	35	(5)
3.1.3 Organolead Compounds	40	(2)
3.1.4 Organotin Compounds	42	(6)
3.1.5 Organoarsenic Compounds	48	(1)
3.2 Toxic Levels in the Human Duct	49	(7)
3.2.1 Inorganic Elements	49	(5)
3.2.2 Organometallic Compounds	54	(2)
References	56	(5)
4 Toxicity Testing	61	(14)
4.1 Test Details	61	(1)
4.2 Effect of Test Substance Concentration on LC(50) and LE(50) Determinations on Fish and Crustacea	62	(1)
4.3 Effect of Exposure Time on LC(50) and LE(50) Determinations on Fish and Crustacea	62	(2)
4.4 Effect of Other Experimental Parameters on LC(50) and LE(50) Determinations	64	(1)
4.5 Derivation of Maximum Safe Concentration Standard (S) of a Test Substance for Continuous Exposure to Fish	64	(4)
4.6 Cumulative LC(50) Values	68	(5)
References	73	(2)
5 Bioaccumulation Processes	75	(16)
5.1 Introduction	75	(4)
5.2 Bioaccumulation of Inorganic Metal Ions	79	(4)
5.3 Bioaccumulation of Organometallic Compounds	83	(2)
5.3.1 Organolead Compounds	83	(1)
5.3.2 Organomercury Compounds	83	(1)
5.3.3 Organotin Compounds	84	(1)
5.4 General Conclusions	85	(4)
5.4.1 Fish	88	(1)
5.4.2 Invertebrates	88	(1)
5.4.3 Plants	88	(1)
References	89	(2)
6 Analysis of Organometallic Compounds in the Environment	91	(152)
6.1 Organomercury Compounds	91	(48)
6.1.1 Natural and Potable Waters	91	(14)
6.1.2 Sea Waters	105	(5)
6.1.3 Rainwater	110	(1)
6.1.4 Industrial Effluents and Wastewaters	110	(2)
6.1.5 Sewage Effluents	112	(1)
6.1.6 Soils and River Sediments	113	(6)
6.1.7 Plants, Crops and Aquatic Organisms	119	(1)
6.1.8 Biological Materials	120	(13)
6.1.9 In Air	133	(2)
6.1.10 Preservation of Mercury Containing Samples	135	(4)
6.2 Organolead Compounds	139	(26)
6.2.1 Natural and Potable Waters	139	(11)
6.2.2 Seawater	150	(1)
6.2.3 Rainwater and Snow	150	(1)
6.2.4 Industrial Effluents and Wastewaters	151	(1)
6.2.5 Sediments	152	(1)
6.2.6 Biological Materials	153	(5)
6.2.7 Plant Materials	158	(1)
6.2.8 Air	158	(7)
6.3 Organotin Compounds	165	(22)
6.3.1 Natural and Potable Waters	165	(13)
6.3.2 Seawater	178	(4)
6.3.3 Rainwater	182	(1)
6.3.4 Sediments	182	(2)
6.3.5 Sewage Sludge	184	(1)
6.3.6 Biological Materials	184	(2)
6.3.7 Crops and Plants	186	(1)
6.4 Organocadmium Compounds	187	(1)
6.5 Organoarsenic Compounds	187	(17)
6.5.1 Natural and Potable Waters	187	(11)
6.5.2 Sea Water	198	(1)
6.5.3 Sediments and Soils	198	(1)
6.5.4 Industrial Effluents and Waste Waters	199	(3)
6.5.5 Biological Materials	202	(1)
6.5.6 Plants and Crops	203	(1)
6.6 Organoantimony Compounds	204	(1)
6.6.1 Natural Waters	204	(1)
6.7 Organoselenium Compounds	204	(1)
6.7.1 Natural Waters	204	(1)
6.7.2 Biological Materials	205	(1)
6.8 Organogermanium Compounds	205	(1)
6.8.1 Natural and Organic Waters	205	(1)
6.9 Organomanganese Compounds	206	(1)
6.9.1 Natural Waters	206	(1)
6.9.2 Air	207	(1)
6.10 Organocopper Compounds	207	(1)
6.10.1 Natural Waters	207	(1)
6.11 Organonickel Compounds	208	(1)
6.11.1 Air	208	(1)
6.12 Organosilicon Compounds	209	(1)
6.12.1 Natural Waters	209	(1)
6.12.2 Biological Materials	210	(1)
6.13 Organoboron Compounds	210	(1)
6.13.1 Tissues	210	(1)
6.14 Organophosphorous Compounds	211	(1)
6.14.1 Environmental Samples	211	(1)
6.15 Organosulfur Compounds	211	(1)
6.16 Selection of Appropriate Analytical Methods	211	(10)
6.16.1 Water Samples	211	(8)
6.16.2 Sediments	219	(1)
6.16.3 Fish and Invertebrates	220	(1)
References	221	(22)
Index	243