Ocean Politics and Policy: A Reference Handbook

by Jacques, Peter; Smith, Zachary A.

• ISBN13: 9781576076224
• ISBN10: 1576076229
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-04-01
• Publisher: Abc-Clio Inc

Summary

A sweeping overview of the problems, politics, and policies of international and domestic management of the world's oceans.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Currents in Ocean Politics: Oceans in Context	1	(22)
Ocean Politics and Policy	1	(6)
Ocean Politics as Environmental Politics	2	(1)
Ocean Politics as Security Politics	3	(1)
The Role of Science in Ocean Politics	4	(3)
Mare Liberum: The Open Oceans	7	(12)
Common-Pool Resources	8	(3)
International Regimes	11	(3)
Regime Concepts for the Ocean	14	(5)
Organization of the Book	19	(4)
Making Waves: Problems, Controversies, and Solutions	23	(44)
Integrated Coastal Management	23	(2)
Fishing	25	(7)
The Importance of Fish and the Effects of Fishing	26	(1)
Principles and Problems of Fishery Conservation	27	(2)
U.S. Domestic Fishery Management	29	(1)
International Fishery Management	30	(2)
Whaling	32	(4)
Sea-Level Rise	36	(3)
Pollution	39	(11)
Oil Pollution	42	(2)
The Case of the Exxon Valdez	44	(4)
The United Nations Regional Seas Programme	48	(2)
Mining and the ``Common Heritage of Mankind''	50	(2)
Jurisdictions and Disputes	52	(4)
The Primary Jurisdictions: Internal Seas, Territorial Seas, and Exclusive Economic Zones	52	(1)
Archipelagic Baselines	53	(2)
Rights of Landlocked and Geographically Disadvantaged States	55	(1)
Law of the Sea Dispute Resolution	55	(1)
Suggestions for the Future	56	(11)
Fishing	57	(1)
Whaling	58	(1)
Sea-Level Rise	59	(1)
Ocean Pollution	60	(1)
Jurisdictions	61	(6)
Ocean Security Dilemmas: Protecting the Oceans and Human Systems	67	(36)
Military Ocean Security	68	(9)
The Importance of Naval Power	68	(1)
Sea-Lanes of Communication and Spheres of Influence	69	(3)
War: Balances of Power, Arms Races, and Deterrence	72	(2)
International Security in the Post--Cold War Era	74	(1)
The U.S. Navy	75	(2)
Military Security: Conclusion	77	(1)
Piracy	77	(2)
Environmental and Ecological Security	79	(16)
Environmental Security	80	(1)
Resource Wars	81	(2)
Ecological Security	83	(1)
The Law of the Sea as Ocean Security	84	(6)
The Fishery Stock Agreement as Ocean Security	90	(5)
Conclusion and Suggestions for the Future	95	(8)
Military Security	95	(3)
Piracy	98	(1)
Environmental Security	99	(4)
Chronology	103	(24)
Early Ocean Hallmarks	103	(6)
Modern Ocean Hallmarks: The Past 100 Years	109	(18)
People and Events	127	(22)
Elisabeth Mann Borgese (1918--2002)	128	(1)
Robert Boyle (1627--1691)	128	(2)
Rachel Carson (1907--1964)	130	(1)
HMS Challenger (1873--1876)	130	(1)
Jacques-Yves Cousteau (1910--1997)	131	(1)
Sylvia Earle (1935-- )	132	(1)
Grand Banks Fishery Closing (1992)	133	(1)
Hugo Grotius (1583--1645)	134	(1)
Johan Hjort (1869--?)	135	(1)
Incidents at Sea Treaty Signing (1972)	136	(1)
Tommy Thong Bee Koh (1937-- )	137	(1)
Miriam Levering (1917--1991)	138	(1)
HMS Lusitania (1915)	139	(1)
Matthew Fontaine Maury (1806--1873)	140	(1)
Minimata Disaster (1932--1968)	141	(1)
Fridtjof Nansen (1861--1930)	142	(1)
Arvid Pardoe (1914--1999)	143	(1)
Santa Barbara Oil Blowout (1969)	143	(1)
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (1992)	144	(2)
Year of the Ocean (1998)	146	(3)
Statistics and Data	149	(32)
Country Data: Coastlines, Membership in the Law of the Sea Treaty, and Participation in the Regional Seas Programme	150	(2)
Member States of the United Nations and Length of Their Coastlines	150	(1)
Countries That Are Parties to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea	151	(1)
United Nations Regional Seas Programme Data	151	(1)
Fishing	152	(1)
Marine Oil Pollution Data	153	(1)
Coastal Ecosystem Health	153	(28)
Economic Values of the Ocean	153	(1)
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)	154	(1)
Mangroves	154	(1)
Sea Grasses	155	(1)
Coral Reefs	155	(1)
Endangered Marine Species	156	(1)
Whale Populations	157	(24)
Documents	181	(28)
Global Ocean Accords	182	(27)
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (December 10, 1982)	182	(13)
Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 Relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks	195	(11)
Chapter 17 of ``Agenda 21'' from the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development	206	(3)
Directory of Nongovernmental Organizations, Research Institutes, Associations, U.S. Government Agencies, and International Agencies	209	(24)
Nongovernmental Organizations	209	(4)
Research Institutes	213	(4)
Associations	217	(4)
U.S. Government Agencies	221	(3)
International Agencies	224	(9)
Selected Print and Nonprint Resources	233	(22)
Print Resources	233	(6)
Nonprint Resources	239	(16)
Databases and CD-ROMs	239	(5)
Computer Networks and Internet Resources	244	(3)
Videotapes, DVDs, and Films	247	(8)
List of Acronyms	255	(2)
Index	257	(10)
About the Authors	267