Onshore and Offshore Wind Energy An Introduction

by Lynn, Paul A.

• ISBN13: 9780470976081
• ISBN10: 047097608X
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2011-12-12
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

A concise yet technically authoritative overview of modern wind energy, introducing large-scale onshore and offshore systems with emphasis on practical implementation and the current international status This book uses academic content and rigor to introduce all relevant topics, from global wind resource and historical background, through to modern electricity generation and distribution, including the topical subject area of offshore systems. Up-to-date information about the current penetration of wind energy worldwide Motivational text with a scientific basis covering electrical and control aspects that other less detailed introductions to the topic leave out Provides a working level of expertise for the numerous non-specialists entering this booming industry Full colour photographs throughout, together with informative technical diagrams

Author Biography

Paul A. Lynn, formerly Imperial College London, UK

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgements	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
Wind energy and Planet Earth	p. 1
Winds of the world	p. 5
From windmills to wind turbines	p. 9
Power, energy and performance	p. 17
Coming up to date	p. 24
References	p. 29
Capturing the wind	p. 31
Wind speed and power	p. 31
Wild wind	p. 37
Introductory	p. 37
Wind statistics	p. 40
Mapping and forecasting	p. 49
Predicting turbine output	p. 57
References	p. 61
Wind turbines	p. 63
Turbine types and sizes	p. 63
Aerodynamics	p. 69
Rotor efficiency and the Betz Limit	p. 69
Lift and drag	p. 72
Rotor speed	p. 80
Rotor blades	p. 87
Choosing airfoils	p. 87
Stall and pitch control	p. 90
Mechanics	p. 94
Gearboxes	p. 94
Towers	p. 97
Vibration and fatigue	p. 98
Electrics	p. 107
AC electricity	p. 107
Generators	p. 116
Introductory	p. 116
Synchronous generators	p. 122
Asynchronous generators	p. 128
Squirrel-cage and wound-rotor induction machines	p. 128
Doubly-fed induction generators	p. 133
Turbine control	p. 138
Onshore wind farms	p. 143
Introductory	p. 143
Siting and spacing	p. 146
Monitoring and control	p. 150
References	p. 152
Moving offshore	p. 153
Introductory	p. 153
Wind and waves	p. 157
Turbines and foundations	p. 161
Offshore wind farms	p. 166
Case study: Horns Rev 2	p. 166
Case study: London Array	p. 170
Bringing the power ashore	p. 173
References	p. 177
Grid integration	p. 179
Setting the scene	p. 179
Connecting to the grid	p. 182
Grid strength and fault levels	p. 182
Electrical quality	p. 186
Large-scale wind power	p. 190
Introductory	p. 190
Intermittency and variability	p. 191
Capacity credit and backup generation	p. 194
References	p. 198
Economics and the environment	p. 199
Wind energy economics	p. 199
Capital and installation costs	p. 199
Operation, maintenance and cash flow	p. 202
Environmental aspects	p. 204
Introductory	p. 207
Landscape and amenity	p. 211
Birds, bats and farming	p. 216
Seabirds, fish and marine conservation	p. 218
References	p. 218
Index	p. 219
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