Opposing Viewpoints in American History

by WADSWORTH

• ISBN13: 9781565103498
• ISBN10: 1565103491
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-01-01
• Publisher: Gale Research Inc

Summary

The debates in Volume II shed understanding on American history since the Civil War, as the United States expanded to its present dimensions and became an industrial and world power, yet faced many challenges to its claims of freedom and equality for all.

Table of Contents

Foreword	v
Part I: Colonial America, 1607-1750
Timeline	2	(2)
Preface	4	(4)
Origins of English Settlement
National and Economic Reasons to Colonize America (1582 & 1585)	8	(4)
Richard Hakluyt
Richard Hakluyt
A Puritan's Reasons for Colonizing America (1629)	12	(4)
John Winthrop
Virginia Is an Abundant New Paradise (1613)	16	(2)
Alexander Whitaker
Virginia Is Not a New Paradise (1624)	18	(2)
Richard Ffrethorne
European Colonists and Native Americans
Indians and Colonists Should Live in Peace (1609)	20	(1)
Powhatan
Indians Should Be Conquered and Exterminated (1622)	21	(2)
The Virginia Company of London
A Puritan Missionary's Account of Indians (1646)	23	(2)
John Eliot
A Puritan Captive's Account of Indians (1682)	25	(5)
Mary Rowlandson
Puritans and the Question of Religious Tolerance
The Antinomians Are Following the Spirit of God (1637)	30	(5)
Anne Hutchinson
The Antinomians Were Heretics Destroying the Community (1644)	35	(5)
Thomas Welde
A Defense of the Salem Witch Trials (1692)	40	(7)
Cotton Mather
An Attack on the Salem Witch Trials (1692)	47	(3)
Thomas Brattle
The Great Awakening Is a Welcome Religious Revival (1743)	50	(3)
An Assembly of Pastors of Churches in New England
The Great Awakening Has Led to Harmful Religious Zealotry (1742)	53	(4)
Charles Chauncy
Labor and Land in Colonial America
Poor Europeans Should Come to America as Indentured Servants (1666)	57	(2)
George Alsop
Poor Europeans Should Not Come to America as Indentured Servants (1754)	59	(3)
Gottlieb Mittelberger
Bacon's Rebellion Is a Justified Revolution (1676)	62	(3)
Nathaniel Bacon
Bacon's Rebellion Is a Treasonous Insurrection (1676)	65	(2)
William Berkeley
Slavery Is Immoral (1700)	67	(2)
Samuel Sewall
Slavery Is Moral (1701)	69	(13)
John Saffin
Part II: Forging a New Nation, 1750-1803
Timeline	74	(2)
Preface	76	(6)
The Decision to Break from Great Britain
Parliament Is Abusing the Rights of Americans (1764)	82	(6)
Stephen Hopkins
Parliament Is Not Abusing the Rights of Americans (1765)	88	(4)
Martin Howard
War Against the British Is Not Justified (1776)	92	(2)
The Ancient Testimony and Principles of the People Called Quakers
War Against the British Is Justified (1775)	94	(10)
John Carmichael
America Must Be Independent of Great Britain (1776)	104	(4)
Charles Inglis
Creating a New Government
A Republican Form of Government Is Best (1776)	108	(4)
John Adams
Popular Democracy Is the Best Form of Government (1776)	112	(2)
Anonymous
Shays's Rebellion Indicates the Need for a New Constitution (1786)	114	(2)
George Washington
The Threat Posed by Shays's Rebellion Has Been Exaggerated (1787)	116	(1)
Thomas Jefferson
A Republic Must Be Small and Uniform to Survive (1787)	117	(3)
``Brutus''
A Viable Republic Can Be Large and Diverse (1787)	120	(4)
James Madison
The Constitution Needs a Bill of Rights (1788)	124	(4)
Patrick Henry
The Constitution Does Not Need a Bill of Rights (1788)	128	(3)
Alexander Hamilton
Problems of the New Nation
A National Bank Would Be Unconstitutional (1791)	131	(1)
Thomas Jefferson
A National Bank Would Not Be Unconstitutional (1791)	132	(4)
Alexander Hamilton
Jay's Treaty Should Be Rejected (1795)	136	(2)
Robert R. Livingston
Jay's Treaty Should Be Accepted (1796)	138	(3)
Fisher Ames
The Sedition Act Violates the Bill of Rights (1799)	141	(3)
George Hay
The Sedition Act Does Not Violate the Bill of Rights (1799)	144	(11)
5th Congress Majority Report
Part III: Antebellum America, 1803-1855
Timeline	148	(2)
Preface	150	(5)
The Growth of America and Its Government
The Louisiana Purchase Should Be Approved (1803)	155	(2)
Thomas Jefferson
The Louisiana Purchase Should Be Opposed (1803)	157	(2)
Samuel White
The Federal Government Is Supreme over the States (1819)	159	(5)
John Marshall
The Federal Government Is Not Supreme over the States (1819)	164	(4)
Spencer Roane
The Bank of the United States Should Be Abolished (1832)	168	(4)
Andrew Jackson
The Bank of the United States Should Not Be Abolished (1832)	172	(5)
Daniel Webster
Social Issues of the Antebellum Era
Suffrage Should Not Be Based on Property (1821)	177	(2)
Nathan Sanford
Suffrage Should Be Limited to Property Holders (1821)	179	(3)
James Kent
Indians Should Be Removed to the West (1829, 1830)	182	(4)
Andrew Jackson
Indians Should Be Allowed to Remain in Their Homeland (1830)	186	(5)
Cherokee Nation
Immigrants Endanger America (1845)	191	(3)
Native American Party
Immigrants Do Not Endanger America (1845)	194	(3)
Thomas L. Nichols
Women Hold an Exalted Status in America (1841)	197	(3)
Catharine E. Beecher
Women Hold a Degraded Status in America (1848)	200	(3)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Slavery Is Not Oppressive (1854)	203	(4)
Nehemiah Adams
Slavery Is Oppressive (1855)	207	(4)
Peter Randolph
Manifest Destiny and War
America Should Not Annex Texas (1844)	211	(3)
Henry Clay
America Should Annex Texas (1845)	214	(3)
John L. O'Sullivan
The United States Must Enter War with Mexico to Defend Itself (1846)	217	(3)
James K. Polk
The United States Fought Mexico to Gain Territory (1850)	220	(10)
Ramon Alcaraz
Part IV: Civil War America, 1850-1877
Timeline	224	(2)
Preface	226	(4)
The Road to Secession
Southern States May Be Forced to Leave the Union (1850)	230	(6)
John C. Calhoun
The Union Must Be Preserved (1850)	236	(6)
Daniel Webster
Constitutional Rights Do Not Extend to Blacks (1857)	242	(5)
Roger Taney
Constitutional Rights Do Extend to Blacks (1857)	247	(5)
Benjamin Robbins Curtis
Popular Sovereignty Should Settle the Slavery Question (1858)	252	(2)
Stephen A. Douglas
Slavery Should Not Be Allowed to Spread (1858)	254	(3)
Abraham Lincoln
Secession Is Justified (1860)	257	(3)
South Carolina Declaration
Secession Is Not Justified (1861)	260	(5)
Abraham Lincoln
The Civil War
Freeing the Slaves Should Be the Primary War Aim (1862)	265	(2)
Horace Greeley
Preserving the Union Should Be the Primary War Aim (1862)	267	(1)
Abraham Lincoln
The Emancipation Proclamation Is a Significant Achievement (1862)	268	(3)
Frederick Douglass
The Emancipation Proclamation Is a Worthless Act (1863)	271	(3)
Clement L. Vallandigham
Jefferson Davis
War Justifies the Restriction of Civil Liberties (1863)	274	(2)
Abraham Lincoln
War Does Not Justify the Violation of Civil Liberties (1863)	276	(4)
Ohio Democratic Convention
Sherman's War Tactics Are Inumane (1864)	280	(1)
James M. Calhoun
E.E. Rawson
S.C. Wells
War Is Necessarily Inhumane (1864)	281	(2)
William T. Sherman
Reconstruction
The South Is a Separate, Conquered Nation (1866)	283	(3)
The Joint Committee on Reconstruction
The South Is Not a Separate, Conquered Nation (1867)	286	(3)
Andrew Johnson
Blacks Should Have the Right to Vote (1865)	289	(3)
Frederick Douglass
Blacks Should Not Have the Right to Vote (1866)	292	(3)
Benjamin M. Boyer
Segregation Should Be Maintained (1872)	295	(4)
Henry Davis McHenry
Segregation Should Be Abolished (1874)	299	(5)
James T. Rapier
Index	304